蔬果移植機監測系統之研製

Abstract

移植機為台灣種植蔬果非常重要的農業機械，佔我國農業機械產品研發比例約10%，發展並精進移植機這種自動化機械能夠有效改善缺工問題及降低成本。 因此，為了能夠進一步提升移植效率，本研究的主要目的為研製出一套蔬果移植機用的監控系統，監控移植機的作業情形，紀錄移植株數、移植機的位置、速度，並即時傳輸至雲端空間，再將數據進行處理以計算行走路徑長與面積，提供管理者進行作業管理，提高作業效率。 監控系統採用紅外線感測器進行感測種植株數的動作。此外，系統使用全球定位模組(GPS)回傳移植機的位置、速度及行走路徑，並使用記憶卡儲存位置資訊，匯入Google 地圖計算路徑長與面積。控制晶片使用Arduino Mega收集各感測器模組的資訊，再藉由無線網路通訊模組(ESP8266)將資訊上傳至雲端。農田管理者可隨時隨地使用行動裝置上網取得作業數據。 經實驗證實，計數系統、即時定位系統及GPS資料紀錄系統都有良好的精準度，可應用於蔬果苗移植機的作業監控，若能繼續對國內有使用移植機需求的農民所需之功能進行研究，以及進行田間實測與改良，則可幫助農民進行最適當的作業管理及作業效率最大化。

Seedling transplanters are crucial agricultural machinery for growing fruit and vegetables in Taiwan and account for 10% of the development of agricultural machinery products. The development and refinement of seedling transplanters, which are automated machinery, can effectively ameliorate labor shortages and reduce costs. To improve transplantation efficiency, we developed a monitoring system to track seedling transplanter operations, such as recording the number of transplanted plants and the location and speed of the transplanter. The monitoring system supported real-time data transmission to the cloud. Subsequently, the data were processed to calculate the movement distance and area covered by the transplanter, and the information obtained could be used to facilitate operations management and enhance operational efficiency. The monitoring system incorporated an infrared sensor to detect the movement of planting plants. Additionally, a global positioning system (GPS) was adopted in the system to ascertain the location, speed, and path of each seedling transplanter. The system incorporated a memory card to store location data; the stored data were later imported into Google Maps to calculate path length and area. An Arduino Mega control chip was employed to collect information on the various sensing modules. Subsequently, a wireless communication module (ESP8266) was used to upload data to the cloud. Farm managers can use mobile devices to obtain operational data online at any time. The results showed that the counting system, real-time positioning system, and GPS data recording system have satisfactory precision and can be applied to monitor the operations of seedling transplanters. Future research should investigate the functions that domestic farmers require seedling transplanters to perform, seedling transplanter usage in real-life situations, and improvements to seedling transplanters to assist farmers to improve operations management and operational efficiency.