共享經濟平台下考量利益分配合約之最適策略分析

Abstract

隨著網路及行動裝置的普及，資訊的傳遞變的快速且方便，近年來共享經濟的概念也開始崛起，其核心意義即是將閒置資源再利用來分享給需要的人，以達到彼此互惠、互創商機甚至是減少浪費，由於科技的創新以及研發者的創意，相關概念的應用程式也越來越多樣化，這樣跨越地理限制以及更有效率的便捷性皆使共享經濟中的提供者與需求者能夠更方便且更容易地配對媒合。而共享經濟特有的特性，衍生了共享經濟平台、提供者、需求者之間的議題。本研究將目標設立為共享平台之利潤最大化，然而在平台中影響利潤最大的因素即是供需配對的狀況，而市場價格、平台自己所決策之租金價格以及佣金比例皆會影響到平台上之供需狀況。因此，本研究建構一個兩階段之數學模型，第一階段為消費者之購買階段，第二階段為共享平台之供需配對階段，並求得第一階段的最佳租金價格、佣金比例以及第二階段配對媒合後之平台利潤。本研究發現在租金價格為市場價格的0.7~0.75之間時，即會為平台利潤帶來轉折的變化，可能為最高利潤或是隨者市場價格提高而趨於穩定成長，且租金價格及佣金比例能確實的去平衡供需狀況，太高跟太低都無法產生最高收益，而在數值分析中發現儘管市場價格越高，平台所決策的租金價格能越彈性且隨著市場價格上升，但相同的，由於市場價格直接影響了共享平台上之供需狀況，因此過高或過低也無法產生最高收益。

With the popularity of the internet and mobile devices, the transmission of information becomes quick and conveniently. In recent year, the 'Sharing Economy' trend has risen, its core concept isto sharethe idle asset with the people whoneed, so that canreduce the waste and create business opportunities. Due to technological innovation,the applications about the concept of sharing economy are become more various,that providers and demander can be matched more conveniently and efficiently.Therefore, new models to describe the interaction between platform, supplier and demander are essential.This research want to maximize the profit of the sharing economy platform,then the supply and demand will affect theprofit. This research presents a two-phase setting model, where the first phase is purchase phase and the second phase is the sharing phase, and finds the optimal solutions for the rental price, commission and profit in first and second phase.In this research, it is found that when the rental price is between 0.7 and 0.75 of the market price, it will bring about turning point in the profit of the platform, and found that rental price and commissions too high or too low cannot produce the highest profit.