安徽省金融服務平臺推動科技型中小企業發展對策與研究 —以明澤資本為例

Abstract

摘要 黨中央在《十三五規劃綱要（2016-2020）》中將創新提至至關重要的位置，明確指明要將創新及創業的理念切實推廣至廣大群眾中去，在社會生產的每一個環節中融入創業創新，鼓勵社會各種類型的團體和組織形式對技術產品進行創新和研發。同時，國家加緊完善創新服務，簡化審批流程，建立政府創新投資基金，將創新服務與創新投資相結合，最大限度地調動民眾的創新熱情。在此背景下，我國科技金融行業獲得了快速發展，不僅有利於解決中小企業融資困境，促進資源優化配置，同時也對激發民營企業經濟活力，保證經濟平穩較快發展具有重要意義。依靠國家政策的大力支持以及大資料、雲計算等資訊科技的帶動下，互聯網金融得到了快速發展，P2P、餘額寶、互聯網理財等互聯網金融業態野蠻生長，影響力也不斷擴大。在這種環境下，科技金融應運而生，呈現出爆發性增長態勢。據清科研究中心科技金融行業研究報告顯示，2014年，國內正常運營科技金融平臺數量為65家，募集資金總額11.06億元。截至2015年，科技金融平臺數量增加至125家，同比增長92.3%；募集資金總額51.9億，同比增長369%。並且據世界銀行預測，到2025年我國科技金融募集資金額度將達到350億美元，有望繼續保持較快的增長速度。同時，我們也應當注意到，中小企業融資難，融資貴仍然是制約中小企業發展的重要限制。中小企業融資管道窄，總體上處於起點低、實力薄弱、經營效益差、負債率較高，管理不規範的初級發展狀態。企業財務不規範、離公司制的管理要求相差甚遠。筆者撰寫本文的主要出發點和目的是説明中小型科技企業解決獲得資金困難的局面，讓金融業和科技行業有機的融合在一起，最大程度的發揮金融業對科技創新行為的優勢和功能，以更好的促進我國經濟發展的轉型。 本文通過對中小型科技企業金融困難特徵分析和作用機理的梳理我們可得到：中小型科技企業對金融需求迫切，尤其是融資方面，所以完善我國金融體系結構和豐富我國金融服務內容可以有效解決科技型中小企業在發展生命週期中特有的融資困難問題。筆者設計出了安徽省科技型中小企業金融服務平臺的結構模型並對平臺的商業模式運作做了進一步的探討分析。

ABSTRACT Deepen the public innovation and innovation, innovation and innovation will be integrated into all aspects of the development of the field, to encourage all types of the main development of new technologies, new products, new models, and comprehensively promote the public crowds of public support, to promote innovation and innovation on economic restructuring Of the prominent position. At the same time, the state to step up the improvement of innovative services, simplify the approval process, the establishment of government innovation investment funds, innovative services and innovative investment combined to maximize the mobilization of people's enthusiasm for innovation. In this context, China's science and technology financial industry has been rapid development, not only help to solve the financing difficulties of SMEs, and promote the optimal allocation of resources, but also to stimulate the economic vitality of private enterprises to ensure stable and rapid economic development is of great significance. Relying on the strong support of national policies and large data, cloud computing and other information technology, driven by the rapid development of Internet finance, P2P, balance, Internet banking and other Internet financial industry barbaric growth, influence has also been expanding. In this environment, science and technology came into being, showing an explosive growth trend. According to the Zero2IPO Research Center of science and technology financial industry research report shows that in 2014, the domestic normal operation of science and technology financial platform for the number of 65 to raise funds total 1.106 billion yuan. As of 2015, the number of science and technology financial platform increased to 125, an increase of 92.3%; to raise funds total 5.19 billion, an increase of 369%. And according to the World Bank predicted that by 2025 China's science and technology finance to raise funds will reach 35 billion US dollars, is expected to continue to maintain a rapid growth rate. At the same time, we should also note that small and medium enterprises financing difficulties, financing is still an important constraint on the development of small and medium enterprises restrictions. Small and medium-sized enterprises financing channels narrow, generally low starting point, weak strength, poor operating efficiency, higher debt ratio, management is not standardized primary development status. Corporate finance is not standardized, from the company system management requirements are very different, the vast majority of small and medium enterprises for management ideas or costs to consider, did not establish a sound financial system, often not financial institutions to support loans. The purpose of this paper is to solve the problem of financing small and medium-sized enterprises, so that financial support to its innovation and development to play the greatest function to promote China's economic growth mode change. In this paper, through the analysis of the financial difficulties of small and medium-sized technology enterprises and the mechanism of combing we can get: small and medium-sized technology enterprises on the urgent need for financial, especially financing. However, on the other hand, science and technology can serve the small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises through capital promotion, signal release and risk sharing mechanism. Therefore, perfecting our financial support system can solve the financial difficulties of small and medium-sized technology enterprises. The author designs the structural model of the financial service platform of small and medium-sized enterprises in Anhui province and makes a further discussion on the operation mode of the platform.