基材對再生纖維素薄膜之纖維排列性、表面形態之影響

Abstract

現今因全球石油危機尚未解除，所以開發可再生能源的重要性逐日攀升。而 纖維素是自然界中分布最廣且含量最多的一種多醣類，也是组成植物细胞壁的主 要成分之一，所以近年來有許多科學家致力於纖維素資源的研究。而在日常生活 中，纖維素常利用於，造紙業、家具業、生質能源、紡織工業等，但因為纖維素 很難熔融，也不能溶於水中，所以在傳統的製程中，工業端必須耗費大量的化學 藥劑以溶解纖維素，而這些化學藥劑通常具有毒性，會對環境造成危害。因此本 研究使用對環境相對較友善，且具有高回收特性的N-甲基嗎晽-N的氧化物水溶液 (NMMO)作為溶劑，以此溶解各式不同的纖維原料，並製作再生纖維素薄膜。 本研究最主要目的為觀測不同基材及不同實驗條件，是否會對再生纖維素薄 膜之纖維方向性造成影響，並使纖維素朝同一方向排列且具有特定的方向性，之 後再進一步對製成之纖維素薄膜做檢測。製成後的再生纖維素薄膜擁有許多用途， 例如:食品包裝、醫療敷料、偏光片等。 本實驗結果顯示，再生纖維素薄膜表面的纖維方向性，會受到不同的旋轉塗 布條件、加熱條件、基板種類以及原料種類所影響。其中又以由矽晶片作為基板， 3000轉速處理及100oC加熱24小時之樣品成果最好，其纖維溶解度、纖維排列方 向性及薄膜表面平滑程度皆最佳。

To obtain the eco-friendly and well-aligned cellulose films, different substrates and process conditions were conducted. N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) was used as solvent to dissolve cellulose materials and three kinds of substrates: silicon wafer, quartz plate and glass plate were used as substrate to produce a regenerated cellulose films. The effect of different substrate-induced strain on cellulose alignment, film morphology, and optical characteristics of regenerated cellulose films was observed. Moreover, the performance of regenerated cellulose films could be improved through the spinning and heating conditions. Four parameters: spinning, heating, substrates and pulps were conducted in this thesis. In order to figure out how these impact factors affected the cellulose alignment, POM, OSP and SEM were used to determine cellulose alignment and morphology of the regenerated cellulose film. The results indicated that these four factors were both affected the cellulose alignment. We could obtain the most well aligned regenerated cellulose film by 3000 rpm spinning process, 100oC heating for 24hr. and induced it by silicon wafer.