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標題: | 體適能訓練對台灣陸軍人員的健康效應 The effect of physical fitness test on personnel health in Taiwan Armed Force |
作者: | Che-Fu Chang 張哲輔 |
指導教授: | 郭育良(Yue-Liang Guo) |
關鍵字: | 體能鑑測,代謝症候群,跑步, physical fitness test,metabolic syndrome,running, |
出版年 : | 2018 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 研究背景
體力即是國力,體能及泳技為軍人必備之要件,是戰技與戰鬥之基礎,為完善軍人體能及泳技要求,國防部於2011年修正體能鑑測方式及標準,期望藉由新的體能鑑測標準能提升國軍官兵的體能狀況。另外,為了增加體能鑑測及訓練的安全性,規定各受測人員須於接受測驗前須有該年度國軍人員健檢結果報告以確認官兵身體健康狀況;同時,並於軍事網路上建置「體能鑑測系統」管理個人體能鑑測成績,國軍人員可從此系統登錄時間並查詢近5年體能鑑測結果,此系統對國軍人員在體能訓練及管理上有不少的幫助。此研究目的為了解修正後的體能鑑測是否對國軍人員健康狀況有所幫助。 研究方法 研究設計採縱貫式研究法,以100年至103年連續4年期間於國軍桃園總醫院接受國軍人員年度健康檢查之志願役軍人為研究族群。所建立的資料庫內容依據代謝症候群指標規定且包含目前國軍人員健康檢查服務項目。資料庫中的項目包括:既往病史、生活習慣及自覺症狀之調查;理學檢查有身高、體重、腰圍、BMI及血壓;另外,實驗室檢查則有膽固醇、三酸甘油酯、高密度脂蛋白(HDLc)、低密度脂蛋白(LDLc)之檢查。而代謝症候群定義則是採用國際糖尿病聯合會(International Diabetes Federation)所定義的標準。同時並連結體能鑑測系統中目標族群相同年度三項體測(3公里跑步、2分鐘伏地挺身、2分鐘仰臥起坐)的結果做研究分析。研究對象之各項特性分佈以人數、百分比以描述性統計表示,而探討重複測量相關之連續型健康效應與體能鑑測結果等變項之相關分析則是使用混合效果模型(mixed effect model)及廣義估計方程式(GEE, Generalize Estimated Equation)分析,同時校正可能的干擾因子如年齡、吸菸、喝酒和過去疾病史。資料收集後使用SPSS 23.0以及SAS 9.4進行資料整理以及分析。 研究結果 連續4年期間於本院接受國軍人員年度健康檢查之志願役軍人總共1720位志願役軍人。其中,246位軍人為代謝症候群患者(佔收案人數14.3%);在代謝症候群的相關指標異常比率中,此兩族群的異常項目前三名依次為:血壓(36.7%;88.6%)、腰圍(16.8%;80.5%)、三酸甘油脂(11.6%;76.8%)。研究顯示體能測驗對血壓、空腹血糖及AIP有下降及維持有關,對高密度脂蛋白有提升的效果;另外使用混合效果模型(mixed effect model)及廣義估計方程式(GEE, Generalize Estimated Equation)分析發現,三項體能訓練中以跑步對代謝症候群中的腰圍、空腹血糖、三酸甘油脂有顯著負相關;對高密度脂蛋白有顯著相關;針對代謝症候群的預防上,分析也發現跑步可降低代謝症候群的風險(OR= 0.63, p=<0.001)。 結論 由上述結果可知,體能鑑測對國軍人員的血壓、高密度脂蛋白(HDLc)、空腹血糖有改善的效果;此外,在三項的體能訓練中,跑步及仰臥起坐對代謝症候群及其因子的改變有顯著意義。 Background Regular physical activity is associated with a lower risk of coronary diseases, hypertension, osteoporosis, diabetes, metabolic syndrome. Thus, physical activity has positive effects on blood lipid profile, glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity, hypertension, cardiovascular functions and metabolic syndrome. It is important that the physical test during the military service is of such standard that the soldiers become qualified for tasks that demand good physical fitness. In Taiwan, physical fitness test forms an integral part of military life and the result is taken into account for career promotion purposes and Taiwan army force started to use the new physical fitness test standard in 2011. The purpose of this study was to understand whether the physical fitness test can improve the physical status in military personnel and whether the new physical fitness test result can reflect the physical status in military personnel. Method This retrospective study include 1720 army volunteer military (age>30) of the North Combat Zone and these case all received annual health checkup and physical fitness test between 2012 and 2014. Analyses were conducted using mixed effect model and Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) adjusting for gender, age and habits. Result A total of 1720 volunteer service accept the annual health examination from 2011-2014. Among them, 246 soldiers with metabolic syndrome (accounting for 14.3% of all cases); among the abnormal indexes of metabolic syndrome, the abnormal items of the two groups were: blood pressure (36.7%; 88.6%), waist (16.8%; 80.5%) and triglycerides (11.6%; 76.8%). After introduction of physical fitness training, blood pressure decreased and the effect maintain. HDL-C was increased significantly and the effects sustained. Fasting glucose decreased after introduction of physical fitness test. The mixed effect model and generalized estimation equation (GEE, Generalize Estimated Equation) analysis found that the running has significant effect in improvement of triglyceride, fasting glucose, waist circumference and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. In addition, we also found that physical fitness test can be reduced metabolic syndrome (OR = 0.63, p = <0.001). Besides, the physical fitness test performance may reflect the health status in army military personnel. Conclusion. The physical training program should be considered as the benefits in improvement of metabolic syndrome in army military personnel and better physical fitness performance can improve metabolic syndrome and its components. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/69274 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201704174 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 職業醫學與工業衛生研究所 |
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