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標題: | 臺灣新竹外海淺層構造初探 A Preliminary Study of the Shallow Structures in the Hsinchu Offshore Area, Taiwan |
作者: | Yi-Sin Wu 吳宜欣 |
指導教授: | 宋國士 |
關鍵字: | 淺層構造,多音束測深系統,側掃聲納系統,淺層反射震測系統,新竹外海, Shallow structures,Multi-beam echo sounder,Side-scan sonar system,Reflection seismic,Hsinchu offshore, |
出版年 : | 2017 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 臺灣位於歐亞大陸板塊與菲律賓海板塊的碰撞帶,菲律賓海板塊以每年大約八公分的速度向西北方聚合,長期的聚合作用下,使台灣產生一系列東北西南走向的褶皺逆衝帶。由於自東部開始碰撞,愈往西部,斷層愈年輕活動力也愈強,學者將最西邊最年輕的斷層稱為變形前緣。1999年,臺灣中部發生本世紀最嚴重的地震-集集地震,但斷層活動並未繼續向北越過大安溪,因為在北港高區北緣有東南-西北向的三義-埔里轉換帶,使中部的斷層無法越過大安溪繼續向北發育。目前島上最年輕的斷層為彰化斷層,學者認為變形前緣應為彰化斷層向南延伸至梅山、新化斷層,向北被三義-埔里地震帶截斷、出海,座落在苗栗、新竹離岸不遠處。本研究在新竹外海作業,使用淺層反射震測系統對地層做構造解釋;多音束測深系統得到區域內高精度的水深資料,並做線性分析;側掃聲納系統辨認海床底質的樣貌。震測剖面顯示竹南外海有一個向東傾的低角度逆衝斷層,在此逆衝斷層以北的香山外海,有一個非對稱型的背斜,使頭嵙山層出露,證實過去有活躍的構造活動。 The Taiwan orogenic system is the result of the collision between the Luzon arc and the Asian continental margin with east-dipping subduction. The Philippine Sea plate moves to the northwest at a rate of 82 km/Ma relative to Eurasian plate, forms a series of fold-and-thrust belts with north-south direction. The obliquity between the Luzon arc and the Asian continental margin suggests a time-for-space equivalence. The collision began in the north about 5 million years ago, reached the middle of the island about 3 million years ago, and is just beginning near the southern Taiwan. The westernmost faults represent the deformation front. Nowadays, the major seismic activity is located in the Chukou-Chelungpu fault zone in Central Taiwan. In 1999, the largest inland seismic event of the century, Chi-Chi earthquake, which happened along the Chelungpu fault. The seismicity did not cross the Da’an stream to the north, because of the Sanyi-Puli Seismic Zone, a distinct NW-SE trending linear transition zone, probably controlled the morphology of the thrusts in northwestern Taiwan. Geologists indicate that the deformation front along the Da’an stream developed in the Miaoli-Hsinchu offshore. However, lack of the geological and geophysical data in the Miaoli-Hsinchu offshore, the location of the deformation front is uncertainty. This study collected the high-resolution geophysical surveys to define the location of the shallow structures and predict the seismicity of the faults in Taiwan. The reflection seismic profiles show a thrust fault with a low dip angle offset the Toukoshan Formation, representing the Hsinchu offshore has been in the Taiwan Orogeny. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/68234 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201704289 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 海洋研究所 |
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