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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 趙鍵哲(Jen-Jer Jaw) | |
dc.contributor.author | Chia-Mien Chang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 張家綿 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-17T02:15:14Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2021-08-20 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2020-08-21 | |
dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2020-08-17 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/68228 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 具定心定平的脈衝式飛行時間雷射測距技術為廣泛使用之高精度目標距離測量工具,然而當目標點位於幾何邊緣處,測距儀獲致來自不同物距的光跡反射資訊,此變異量即會反映至測距品質,而該類具系統性的混合距離變異量即為所謂mixed pixels effect。在此效應下所對應的為單一光跡涵蓋多重物距資訊,儘管mixed pixels effect對幾何邊緣目標點具較顯著的影響,入射角因子於測距任務執行時也同樣涉及物距變異導致之光跡變形,故於本研究中將入射角效應以及mixed pixels effect延伸定義為「廣義mixed pixels effect」。不同的雷射測距儀具備不同的觀測量參數及回波處理方式,故對應於此類系統誤差模式亦不盡相同且難以估計。基於物理推導並搭配函數模式及隨機模式,本研究提出一套涵蓋五個步驟的雷射測距修正策略,建構有效的廣義mixed pixels effect修正函式。首先,mixed pixels effect可藉本文所提出之發散角估算實驗,並搭配偏心觀測進行消除,然而偏心觀測會附帶生成相應系統誤差,包含入射角效應、偏心誤差及中心軸線偏移誤差。入射角效應可模式化並透過觀測量收集與最小二乘平差求解模式化參數;同時,考量上述修正函式中入射角參數於實務上常屬未知,本研究設計一組迭代精化流程以估算入射角最佳解。最後,偏心誤差與中心軸線偏移誤差的修正函式則可透過角邊關係三角幾何推導獲致。本研究共試驗兩台具脈衝式飛行時間雷射測距技術之全測站,分別為Trimble M3 DR2”以及Topcon GPT-3002LN,實驗成果顯示依據所提出之雷射測距修正策略,兩台測距儀可分別消除99%及97%的測距誤差,有效地保障幾何邊緣目標點之測距品質。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | The pulsed time-of-flight laser ranging technique with centering and horizontalization has been widely applied to acquire high quality ranges of interest. However, when a target lies on discontinuous surfaces, the footprint of a laser rangefinder covers multiple ranges, which is called mixed pixels effect and will systematically distort the ranging quality. Meanwhile, the ranging error of incidence angle effect is triggered by a deformed footprint containing various ranges as well. Although the mixed pixels effect has a greater effect on targets at discontinuous surfaces than incidence angle effect, based on the commonality of causing ranging errors within one footprint, this study proposed a “generalized mixed pixels effect” to embrace the ranging errors involving in deformed footprint cases. Errors caused by generalized mixed pixels effect vary in rangefinders and are difficult to be uniformly treated. A correction model was formulated through integrating individual effects by considering the physical and geometrical aspects of laser ranging. An adjustment procedure was followed to estimate the parameters of the correction equation by taking all observation uncertainties into account. To analyze the individual effects and eventually combine them into a complete model, a five-step workflow has been developed. Firstly, a divergence angle estimation method was presented to avoid the mixed pixels effect by a decentering approach. Yet, while eliminating the mixed pixels effect, the incidence angle effect, an offset error, and an axis offset error are accompanied by such an operation. Incidence angle effect was modeled and the parameter was estimated by adjustment techniques. Particularly, since incidence angles are usually unknown in field surveys but needed in the proposed correction strategy, an iterative estimation procedure was designed to obtain the optimal incidence angle of the target point. Finally, by the derivation of basic trigonometric functions, a correction for compensating the offset error and the axis offset error was formulated. Through the experimental tests on Trimble M3 DR 2” and Topcon GPT-3002LN, it is confirmed that the proposed method effectively resolves 99 percent and 97 percent, respectively, of the ranging errors for the two instruments, and preserves the ranging quality under the generalized mixed pixels effect. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-17T02:15:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-1708202015381700.pdf: 19815672 bytes, checksum: 4f83712c479479c22a2754297c224815 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 i 中文摘要 ii ABSTRACT iii 目錄 v 圖目錄 vii 表目錄 ix 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 研究動機與目的 1 1.3 研究方法與流程 3 1.4 論文架構 5 第二章 文獻回顧 6 2.1 脈衝式飛行時間雷射測距技術簡介 6 2.2 Mixed pixels effect修正方式 9 2.3 入射角效應修正方式 10 2.4 小結 12 第三章 研究方法 14 3.1 Step 1:發散角估計 14 3.2 Step 2:偏心觀測 16 3.3 Step 3:入射角效應模式化 17 3.3.1 實驗場建置方法 18 3.3.2 幾何分析函數模式 19 3.3.3 函式參數求解 20 3.3.4 入射角效應修正函式品質評估 21 3.3.5 其他函數模式與平差技巧 22 3.4 Step 4:入射角估計 23 3.4.1 相對坐標系求解入射角初值 23 3.4.2 入射角精化流程 24 3.5 Step 5:廣義偏心誤差修正 25 3.6 綜整廣義mixed pixels effect修正模式 28 3.6.1 角點 29 3.6.2 邊緣線處 29 3.6.3 目標點涵蓋入射角效應 30 第四章 實驗及成果分析 32 4.1 Step 1:發散角估計 32 4.2 Step 2:偏心觀測 34 4.3 Step 3:入射角效應模式化 37 4.3.1 實驗限制計算 37 4.3.2 Trimble M3 DR2” 38 4.3.3 不同平差技巧與函數模式之擬合成效比較:Trimble M3 DR2” 44 4.3.4 Topcon GPT-3002LN 47 4.4 Step 4:入射角估計 49 4.5 Step 5:廣義偏心誤差修正 50 4.5.1 Trimble M3 DR2” 51 4.5.2 Topcon GPT-3002LN 52 4.5.3 入射角效應修正必要性探討 53 4.5.4 與原始測距成果比較 55 4.6 廣義mixed pixels effect雷射測距修正策略測試 61 4.6.1 Trimble M3 DR2” 61 4.6.2 Topcon GPT-3002LN 65 第五章 結論與建議 68 5.1 結論 68 5.2 建議 70 參考文獻 71 附錄 74 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 考量Generalized Mixed Pixels Effect之雷射測距修正 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Laser Ranging Modeling under Generalize Mixed Pixels Effect | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 108-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 蔡展榮(Jaan-Rong Tsay),邱式鴻(Shih-Hong Chio) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 精度分析,發散角,光跡,廣義mixed pixels effect,入射角,幾何邊緣目標點, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Accuracy analysis,Divergence angle,Footprint,Generalized mixed pixels effect,Incidence angle,Target at discontinuous surfaces, | en |
dc.relation.page | 77 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202003773 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2020-08-18 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 土木工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 土木工程學系 |
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