海峽兩岸近海漁業效率分析

Abstract

本研究探討中國大陸漁業與臺灣近海漁業發展的文獻，嘗試使用Malmquist生產力指數方法，獲取了2006—2015年兩岸近海漁業的投入產出資料，利用DEAP軟體，運用Malmquist生產力指數方法，對中國大陸與臺灣共四個地區的近海漁業效率進行分析，計算出相關地區一段時間內總要素生產力的變動狀況，並且拆解為更為詳細的技術效率與技術進步等部分，從而比較兩岸不同地區在生產效率方面的差異，結合現實政策進一步地比較與探討分析這些表現的實證因素。 在借助了Malmquist—DEA的方法，對2006—2015年中國大陸東南沿海三個省與臺灣的近海捕撈漁業生產力指數的測算和分析，有以下基本的結論：(1)臺灣海峽近海地區的四個地區平均總要素生產力呈現增長趨勢，主要是依靠技術進步來推動。(2)中國大陸東南沿海與臺灣近海漁業總要素生產力排序為，浙江(1.022)>臺灣(0.999)>廣東(0.998)>福建(0.993)。(3)中國大陸東南沿海與臺灣的近海捕撈漁業效率的技術效率呈現衰退趨勢，原因是，雖然平均純技術效率有呈現改善，但是平均規模效率出現更大幅度的下降，所以最終技術效率呈現出下降。其中廣東與臺灣的規模效率皆呈現出衰退趨勢。

The dissertation includes searching reference about inshore fishery in mainland China and Taiwan, collecting input and output data from four areas, using the method of Malmquist productivity index, running software DEAP, and calculating the TFP index. The change of TFP index can be resolved into Technical efficiency change and Technique change. We could analysis the difference among these areas, considering the policies, and find out the reason why their index changes are different. Using the method of Malmquist-DEA, we have calculated the TFP index of four areas (Taiwan and three provinces in mainland China), and came to some conclusions following: (1) The average of TFP index in four areas performs a growing trend, and the main momentum is Technique change; (2) The ranking among four areas is Zhejiang (1.022)>Taiwan(0.999)>Guangdong(0.998)>Fujian(0.993); (3)The inshore fishery efficiency of three provinces in mainland China performs a downtrend, because the pure Technical efficiency got a positive change but the scale efficiency performed a larger decline than Technical efficiency, additionally, both of scale efficiency in Guangdong and Taiwan perform decline.