臺灣鯛產業之產銷分析

Abstract

根據聯合國糧農組織(FAO)統計指出，2014年世界之漁業及水產養殖業之生產量，其總生產量達1億9,578萬公噸，較前年成長了2.4％，其中漁獲量成長了0.7％，為9,465萬公噸，而水產養殖生產量成長了4.1％，達1億114萬公噸，水產養殖業產量已經逐步超過捕撈漁業生產量，而且拉大了差距。FAO並預估2016年全球漁業生產量估計成長2.6％。因此在未來，水產養殖將成為整個水產業驅動成長的主力。另根據統計指出2000-2016年期間食用魚水產養殖年增率為5.5%，從3240萬公噸增加至6660萬公噸，而鄰近的中國大陸在此期間更是增幅為6.2%，形成產業最主要競爭國之一。政府在每年投注相當資源來協助國內養殖業者，就養殖技術及魚類加工技術的提升，並在政策引導學術研單位的參與，使得我國養殖技術有長遠的進步，藉此補足我國漁產在內外銷市場需求。目前政府也積極輔導養殖業者生產符合國際產銷規範的認證，例如；ASC- ISRTA認證、HACCP、GLOBALG.A.P.等水產品等認證。並從以往的單純的魚塭養殖整合到種苗、飼料、養殖設施到加工等環節，呈現整體產業價值鏈，以發揮產業價值最大化。 認證標章在未來水產品外銷。將是除了關稅之外各國的隱形貿易障礙，如何打入目標國家，進而將養殖水產品銷售到目標國家，做到認證是一條必經的路，而內銷時如何提昇國人對水產品食品衛生安全的信心，以及對於一些來路不明的低價水產品，認證標章更是一個無法忽視的策略及做出差異化的方式。

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the total production of fisheries and aquaculture production in the world in 2014 reached 145.78 million tonnes, up 2.4% from the previous year, with catches growing 0.7% 94.65 million tonnes, while aquaculture production grew by 4.1 per cent to 114 million tonnes, and aquaculture production has progressively exceeded the production of capture fisheries and widened the gap. FAO estimates that global fishery production is estimated to grow by 2.6 per cent by 2015. So in the future, aquaculture will become the main driving force of the aquaculture industry. According to statistics, the annual growth rate of edible fish aquaculture during the period from 2000 to 2012 was 5.5%, from 32.4 million tonnes to 66.6 million tonnes, while the neighboring mainland China increased by 6.2% during this period, forming the industry's most important competition One of the countries. The government in the annual betting considerable resources to assist the domestic aquaculture industry, aquaculture technology and fish processing technology to enhance the policy and guide the participation of academic research units, making China's aquaculture technology has long-term progress, to complement China's domestic exports Market demand. At present, the government is also actively counseling aquaculture production in line with international production and marketing standards certification, for example; ASC-ISRTA certification, HACCP, GLOBALG.A.P. And other aquatic products certification. And from the past fish farming, integration of seedlings, feed, breeding facilities to processing, etc., showing the overall industrial value chain, to maximize the value of the industry. Certification mark in the future export of aquatic products. Will be in addition to tariffs outside the country's stealth trade barriers, how to enter the target country, and then aquaculture aquatic products sold to the target country, do a certification is a necessary way, and how to raise domestic sales of aquatic products, food hygiene and safety Of the confidence, and for some unknown low-priced aquatic products, certification mark is a policy can not be ignored and make a difference in the way.