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Title: | 設施色彩、意義與視覺衝擊之關係探討 The Relationship between Color, Meaning of Facility and Visual Impact |
Authors: | Min-Hsien Hsieh 謝旻憲 |
Advisor: | 鄭佳昆(Chia-Kuen Cheng) |
Keyword: | 色彩,識別,意義,地標,視覺衝擊, Color,Recognition,Meaning,Landmark,Visual Impact, |
Publication Year : | 2020 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | 視覺衝擊為環境經過特定事件後,造成既有景觀以及觀景者在視覺上的影響;而視覺衝擊評估則希望藉由系統性的分析方式,了解預定或現存開發所造成的衝擊程度,以進行方案調整與景觀改善,因此一直是景觀設計與規劃上的重要考量。而視覺衝擊因子的探討也成為相關研究的重點。 在我們環境感知的過程中,色彩是偵測及識別物體的重要因子之一。過去許多研究探討了在設施物已識別的情況下,設施色彩與視覺衝擊之關係;雖然對於視覺衝擊的識別閾值在先前的研究已被探討,但在識別物體之前發生視覺衝擊的可能性仍未被證實;而且設施色彩所造成的視覺衝擊可能已經受到設施意義所影響。因此,本研究希望探討設施識別前之色彩、意義與視覺衝擊之關係。由前人之研究推論,即使在無法識別設施物的前提下,也可能因為物體色彩與環境間的相容程度而造成不同視覺衝擊,並且其中受到色彩聯想之意義影響。 本研究使用照片問卷法,分為兩個研究、三個實驗進行,受測者為大專院校學生。研究一分為兩個實驗,實驗一希望瞭解在無法完全辨識物體的情況下,不同設施色彩是否會造成不同視覺衝擊效果。以同一張台灣常見的郊區景觀照片為刺激物,隨機左、中、右不同位置,模擬加入一棟尺寸大小低於識別閾值的建築物做為視覺衝擊來源。建築物色彩則參考前人研究,分別模擬給予不同色相、明度及彩度的36種顏色,讓受測者觀看照片後評估不同狀況的視覺衝擊。結果發現:在無法識別設施的情況下,藍、紫色的設施色彩所造成的視覺衝擊程度最高,且受測者所聯想到不適合環境的設施(如工業建築與殯葬設施)比例高於其他色相。另外設施與環境色相、明度與彩度對比越大,視覺衝擊程度越大,其中又以色相的影響最大。實驗二之目的則是確認研究一識別前視覺衝擊之結果,是否受到色彩聯想之意義影響。以第一部分同一張景觀照片為刺激物,色彩則改以傳統色彩研究的色票方式呈現,並詢問色彩在此環境之適合程度,排除將物體模擬進照片中導致聯想到設施的可能性。最後將兩部分之結果進行比較,結果雖然在實驗一,紅色與黑色設施的負面視覺衝擊程度較小,但在實驗二中兩個色彩與環境的適合度卻最低,且相較於實驗一,色彩對比對適合程度的解釋力也更高,證實了識別前視覺衝擊之結果,確實受到色彩聯想之意義影響。 研究二則進一步探討地標意義是否會調適色彩對比所造成的視覺衝擊。讓受測者觀看同一張景觀照片且能清楚識別其中的設施物,設施色彩延續研究一的36種顏色。將受測者隨機分派至兩組,一組以情境賦予物體地標的意義,一組則未透漏任何訊息,讓受測者觀看照片後評估景觀偏好。結果證實,賦予物體地標意義的組別,視覺衝擊程度顯著低於對照組,且地標意義、色相對比、明度對比對視覺衝擊具有交互作用。 本研究確立了在景觀規劃設計中,色彩選擇的重要性,因為即使無法識別物體,也會對觀景者造成視覺衝擊,且意義在其中扮演了不可忽視的角色。一般而言,與環境色彩對比較小的顏色,是較適當的設施立面色彩選擇。但也應該考慮到各色彩在環境中的意義;抑或是設施對於觀察者的意義,因為這些會調適色彩所造成的視覺衝擊。 'Visual impact' is the change in visual quality over time resulting from the introduction of human behavior into a landscape setting, as viewed from the surrounding area. Visual impact assessment intends to understand the impact elicited by scheduled or existing development through systematic analysis, then we can adjust programs and improve landscape quality. As the result, it has been important consideration in landscape design and planning, and discussion of visual impact factors has also become the focus of related research. Color is one of the primary factors for perceiving and recognizing objects. Many visual impact studies have explored the relationships between facility colors and visual impact when the facilities were recognized. While the detection threshold for visual impact has been confirmed in previous study, it is still unclear if visual impact could be elicited before a facility is fully recognized; and the visual impact elicited by the color of the facility may have been affected by the meaning of the facility. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between color, meaning of facility and visual impact. And it is suspected that visual impact may be elicited due to the compatibility between the object’s colors and the environment, and it is affected by meaning. This study adopted a photo-based questionnaire method, which is divided into two studies and three experiments. The subjects are college students. Research 1 is divided into two experiments. Experiment 1 examined if different colors would have different levels of visual impact, while the object is detected but not yet recognized. A small, unrecognizable building, which was simulated with 36 colors, was positioned randomly at left, middle and right in the rural landscape photo. Subjects were asked to evaluate the visual impact of the unrecognized objects by viewing the pictures. The results indicated that unrecognized building with blue and purple colors had the highest visual impact. Subjects seemed to associate such colors with unsuitable facilities, such as industrial buildings and funeral facilities. In addition, the greater the hue, saturation, and brightness contrasts between facility and environment, the greater the level of visual impact. The purpose of Experiment 2 is to confirm whether the result of visual impact before facility recognized is affected by the meaning. The same landscape photo in experiment 1 was used as the stimulus, and the color was presented in chips. Subjects were asked the suitability of every color in the environment. Finally, the results of the two experiments were compared. Although red and black colors had the lowest negative visual impact in experiment 1, the suitability of the two colors to the environment was the lowest in experiment 2. And the color contrast had higher explanatory power on the suitability in experiment 2, confirming that the results of visual impact before recognition is affected by the meaning. Research 2 explored whether the meaning of landmark would adapt the visual impacts elicited by color. Subjects watched the same landscape photo and clearly recognized the facility. The 36 colors of facility in research 2 and research 1 were used. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups, one group was told the facility was a landmark, and one group did not reveal any information. Subjects were asked to evaluate the visual impact by viewing the pictures. The results confirmed that the visual impact of the landmark group was significantly lower than another group. The landmark meaning, color contrast had interaction on the visual impact. This study confirmed that visual impact might be elicited before correctly recognizing the facility, and meaning played an important role in such process. The color selection in environment planning and design is important. Generally, the color that has a small contrast with environmental is a more appropriate choice for the facade of facility. But we should also consider the meaning of each color in the environment; or the meaning of facility to observers, because these will adjust the visual impact elicited by color. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/66995 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202003621 |
Fulltext Rights: | 有償授權 |
Appears in Collections: | 園藝暨景觀學系 |
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U0001-1608202022024600.pdf Restricted Access | 5.09 MB | Adobe PDF |
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