電子採購在越南應用之研究

Abstract

The e-procurement has been developing in many developed countries in European, America, and Asia for more than ten years. There are a lot of expectations for e-procurement; however the application of e-procurement in construction industry is still limited due to its disadvantages. The e-procurement in construction industry was implemented in experiment stage since 2010 in Vietnam. This study aimed at identifying the advantages and disadvantages, analyzing the current implementation and evaluating the application of e-procurement for service and construction projects in Vietnam. Data analysis, expert interviews and questionnaire surveys method were applied in this research. Data was collected from e-procurement experiment implementation. The questionnaires were designed with open and open-end questions. Three groups, including government officers, scholars, contractors and consultants, had participated in the questionnaire surveys. In this research, the e-procurement experiment in Vietnam has been analyzed thoroughly. Six advantages are identified as transparency in bidding environment, business opportunities for contractors and consultants, improvement of communication to multiple tenders, contribution for standardizing the procurement process, good control of tender submissions, and better efficiency in the procurement processes. Six disadvantages are then identified as incomplete of the legal system, internet security, lack of e-procurement knowledge and skilled persons, IT infrastructure, resistance to change, reliability of e-procurement in Vietnam. Base on actual implementation, e-procurement applies effectively for small and less complicated projects. Hypothesis testing shows that the group of scholars and government officers is more optimistic than group of contractors and consultants in applying e-procurement for submitting tender proposals and evaluating tender proposals. Both two groups are optimistic in applying e-procurement for publishing tender notices, providing tender documentation and publishing tender results.