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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 童心欣(Hsin-hsin Tung) | |
dc.contributor.author | Yi-hsuan Li | en |
dc.contributor.author | 李怡璇 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T23:39:49Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2017-08-28 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2012-08-28 | |
dc.date.issued | 2012 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2012-07-25 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Akk, G.; Steinbach, J. H. (2003) Activation and block of mouse muscle-type nicotinic receptors by tetraethylammonium. J. Physiol.-London, 551, 155-168.
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/65383 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 高科技製造業中的顯影液,四甲基氫氧化氨 (tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide, TMAH) 為強鹼性的毒性物質。在一般生活污水生物處理中難以被去除,而TMAH經馴養後之活性污泥降解後產生的氨氮需要進一步進行硝化作用去除氨氮。
硝化作用進行時會消耗水中無機碳,而無機碳的來源主要為二氧化碳。但廢水中的無機碳常常不足以提供高濃度氨氮進行硝化時所需,因此需要額外添加碳酸氫鈉或碳酸鈣作為無機碳源。以二氧化碳化學吸收法可以利用強鹼 (NaOH或TMAH) 吸收二氧化碳將無機碳源貯存於水中,近而可得到提供硝化的無機碳源。 本研究之硝化污泥與TMAH降解污泥分別以批次好氧的方式由生活污泥馴養。由於硝化污泥與TMAH降解污泥的沉降性不佳,生物質量容易流失,在固液分離時會遇到困難。因此,本研究採用聚乙烯醇 (Polyvinyl Alcohol, PVA) 包埋微生物進行生物處理,在固定化顆粒中不但可以保有高濃度的微生物還可以減少污泥的產生量。固定化顆粒的比重也略大於水,因此有非常良好的沉降性。 PVA以硼酸-磷酸酯化 (boric acid-phosphorylated) 固定,在固定之初會有大量的PVA溶出。PVA溶出可藉由反覆替換水溶液,在3天左右可達到穩定狀態。將馴養得到的污泥進行包埋,以離心污泥重PVA體積10% (w/v) 的比例包埋。在12小時水利停留時間下以1 L之反應槽進行反應,包埋硝化污泥的氨氮體積負荷為0.47 - 0.53 Kg-N/m3/day;包埋TMAH降解污泥的體積負荷為1.3 - 1.5 Kg-TMAH/m3/day。 由本研究的結果顯示,以固定化微生物的方式對有機氮TMAH有良好的去除效果,藉由固定化微生物也可以提高自營硝化與異營分解共存的穩定性。高科技產業中除了TMAH外,也使用了其他的鹼性有機氮。此類有機物以二氧化碳曝氣,不但可以中和其強鹼性,也可以提供其降解後產生的氨氮進行硝化使用。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is a strong base and toxic substance primarily used as photoresist developer in electronic industry. In domestic wastewater treatment, TMAH can only be removed minimal amount by conventional biological treatments. In addition, the ammonium released from THMA after biodegradation will increase the ammonia concentration substantially. Therefore, additional nitrification process is required for biological treatment of TMAH wastewater.
Carbon dioxide is the main source of inorganic carbon for nitrification. Alkaline solution such as NaOH and TMAH can absorb carbon dioxide and increase the inorganic carbon concentration. These solutions can be used as carbon source stock solution to enhance nitrification process. In this study, the active sludge for nitrification and TMAH degradation was enriched by batch culture and followed by immobilized microorganism in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). PVA entrapment not only can keep high concentration of biomass but also reduce the amount of the sludge production. Besides, the specific density was slightly higher than water so it was easy to settle out of the water. The sludge was centrifuged and entrapped with 10% (w/v).The reaction was processed at 12 h hydraulic retention time and the reactor was 1 L. In these conditions, the loading rate of nitrification was 0.47 - 0.53 Kg-N/m3/day and the loading rate of TMAH was 1.3 - 1.5 Kg-TMAH/m3/day. In conclusion, the treatment process by PVA-entrapped nitrifying organisms has good removal efficiency. Also, PVA-entrapment provided a better condition for both autotrophic nitrifying bacteria and heterotrophic TMAH degrading bacteria to co-exist simultaneously. Besides TMAH, other alkaline wastewater can use similar process to neutralize wastewater by carbon dioxide and to enhance nitrification process in wastewater treatment. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-16T23:39:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-101-R99541103-1.pdf: 1076735 bytes, checksum: 67f45a9eafeedbb6edfe20d83829fc75 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目 錄
摘要 iii Abstract iv 目 錄 vi 圖目錄 ix 表目錄 x 第一章 前言 11 1.1 研究背景 11 1.2 研究目的 11 第二章 文獻回顧 12 2.1 自然界中的氮循環 12 2.2 硝化作用 12 2.2.1 硝化作用的影響因子 13 2.3 新穎生物除氮技術 15 2.4 TMAH有機廢水之特性 17 2.4.1 TMAH生物分解及代謝途徑 18 2.5 二氧化碳回收技術 21 2.5.1 物理處理方法 21 2.5.2 化學處理方法 22 2.6 微生物固定化技術及應用 24 第三章 材料與方法 26 3.1 研究流程 26 3.2 批次污泥馴養 26 3.3 批次污泥負荷 27 3.4 二氧化碳化學吸收 28 3.5 微生物固定化顆粒製備 28 3.5.1 PVA溶出測試及活化 29 3.6 PVA連續流反應槽 29 3.7 水質項目分析 30 3.7.1 pH 30 3.7.2 溶氧 30 3.7.3 氨氮 30 3.7.4 亞硝酸鹽氮 31 3.7.5 硝酸鹽氮 31 3.7.6 溶解性有機碳及無機碳 31 3.7.7 MLSS/MLVSS 32 3.7.8 化學需氧量 32 3.7.9 鹼度 33 第四章 結果與討論 34 4.1 二氧化碳回收試驗 34 4.1.1 氫氧化鈉曝入二氧化碳 34 4.1.2 TMAH曝入二氧化碳 35 4.2 批次式懸浮性污泥馴養結果 36 4.3 批次式懸浮污泥負荷 41 4.3.1 硝化污泥氨氮負荷 41 4.3.2 二氧化碳取代碳酸氫鈉比較 45 4.3.3 TMAH污泥有機負荷 46 4.4 PVA顆粒溶出測試 49 4.5 PVA固定化微生物去除效果 52 4.5.1 PVA顆粒批次活化 53 4.5.2 硝化顆粒連續流氨氮負荷 55 4.5.3 混合污泥負荷 57 4.5.4 二氧化碳取代碳酸氫鈉效果分析 61 4.5.5 PVAT顆粒與懸浮性污泥之比較 61 第五章 結論與建議 63 5.1 結論 63 5.2 建議 64 參考文獻 65 附錄 71 附錄一. 碳酸氫鈉溶液曝空氣 71 附錄二. PVA空白吸附TMAH 72 附錄三. PVA混合菌連續流出流水混凝沉澱比較 73 附錄四. 硝化作用對無機碳需求試驗 75 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 以固定化微生物降低廢水中四甲基氫氧化銨及氨氮 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Removal of tetramethy lammonium hydroxide and ammonium nitrogen in wastewater by immobilization microorganisms | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 100-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 曾四恭(Szu-Kung Tseng),謝奇旭(Chi-Hsu Hsieh) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 四甲基氫氧化銨,硝化作用,聚乙烯醇,固定化, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | TMAH,nitrification,inorganic carbon,PVA, | en |
dc.relation.page | 76 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2012-07-25 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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