請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件：
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/64445完整後設資料紀錄
| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 馬鴻文 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Chih-Yi Lin | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 林知以 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T17:47:35Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2017-08-19 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2012-08-19 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2012 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2012-08-13 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | [1] Wolman, A. (1965). The metabolism of cities. Scientific American, 213(3): 179-190.
[2] Fung, M. M. & Kennedy, C. A. (2002, June). An integrated macroeconomic model for urban sustainable development. Annual Conference of the Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, Montréal, Québec, Canada. [3] White, R. R. (2002). Building the Ecological City. Cambridge, England: Woodhead. [4] Kennedy, C., Pincetl, S., & Bunje, P. (2011). The study of urban metabolism and its applications to urban planning and design. Environmental Pollution, 159(8-9), 1965-1973. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.10.022 [5] Graedel, T. E. (1999). Industrial Ecology and the Ecocity. The Bridge (Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 10-14). Washington, D. C.: National Academy of Sciences. [6] Brunner, P. H. (2007). Reshaping urban metabolism. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 11(2), 11-13. doi: 10.1162/jie.2007.1293 [7] Zucchetto, J. (1975). Energy-economic theory and mathematical models for combining the systems of man and nature, case study: The urban region of Miami, Florida. Ecological Modelling, 1, 241-268. [8] Stanhill, G. (1977). An urban agro-ecosystem: The example of nineteenth-century Paris. Agro-Ecosystmes, 3, 269-284. [9] Odum, H. T. (1983). Systems Ecology: An Introduction. New York, NY: Wiley-Interscience. [10] Odum, H. T. (1971). Environment, Power, and Society. New York, NY: Wiley-Interscience. [11] Baccini, P. & Brunner, B. H. (1991). Metabolism of the Anthroposphere. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag. [12] International Copper Study Group. (2010). The World Copper Factbook 2010. Retrieved from www.icsg.org [13] Xue, N. Q. (2010). Special for Non-Ferrous Metals Yearbook: Copper (MIRDC-099-A13A). Kaohsiung, Taiwan: Industry & Technology Intelligence Services. [14] Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Taipei. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taipei [15] Department of Budget, Accounting & Statistics of Taipei City Government. (2010). PC-Axis Statistical Database Query System. Retrieved from http://163.29.37.101/pxweb2007-tp/dialog/statfile9.asp [16] Brunner, P. H. & Rechberger, H. (2004). Practical Handbook of Material Flow Analysis. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. [17] Lassen, C. & Hansen, E. (2000). Paradigm for Substance Flow Analysis: Guide for SFAs carried out for the Danish EPA (Environmental Project No. 577 2000). Copenhagen, Denmark: The Danish Environmental Protection Agency. [18] Rogich, D., Cassara, A., Wernick, I., & Miranda, M. (2008). Material Flows in the United States: A Physical Accounting of the U.S. Industrial Economy. Washington, D.C.: World Resources Institute. [19] Hedbrant, J. & Sörme, L. (2001). Data Vagueness and Uncertainties in Urban Heavy-Metal Data Collection. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus. 1, 43-53. DOI: 10.1023/A:1017591718463 [20] Refsgaard, J. C., van der Sluijs, J. P., Hojberg, A. L., & Vanrolleghem, P. A. (2007). Uncertainty in the environmental modelling process - A framework and guidance. Environmental Modelling & Software, 22(11), 1543-1556. doi: 10.1016/j.envost.2007.02.004 [21] Recycling Fund Management Board, Taiwan. (2010). R-Paper in July, 2010. Retrieved form http://recycle.epa.gov.tw/epa/rpaper/9907/1_project_01.html [22] Ou, W. S., Kuo, P. Y., Chao, Y. C., & Lin, H. T. (2007). Research of Exhaust Carbon Dioxide of the Water and Electricity Pipeline in Life Cycle of Taiwan Buildings. Chia-Nan Annual Bulletin, 33, 187-197. [23] Casella, G. & Berger, R. L. (1990). Statistical Inference. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole. [24] CPC Corporation, Taiwan. (n.d.). Petroleum Products Conversion Table. Retrieved from http://www.cpc.com.tw/big5_BD/rbu/content/index.asp?pno=40 [25] Ankur. (2010, September 17). Petroleum Technology Part 2 - The Composition Of Petroleum [Online community blog]. Retrieved from http://www.cheresources.com/invision/blog/4/entry-60-petroleum-technology-part-2-the-composition-of-petroleum/ [26] Chen, Z. S, Hseu, Z. Y., & Tsui, C. C. (2004). The Development of Soil Pollution Evaluation (EPA 86-E3E1-09-01). Taipei, Taiwan: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University. [27] Oguchi, M., Murakami, S., Sakanakura, H., Kida, A., & Kameya, T. (2011). A preliminary categorization of end-of-life electrical and electronic equipment as secondary metal resources. Waste Management, 31(9-10), 2150-2160. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.05.009 [28] Truttmann, N., Cencic, O., Fellner, J., & Rechberger, H. (2005). Technisch-naturwissenschatliche Grundlagen zur Auswahl von Bewirtschafuntsszenarien für Elektroaltgeräte (TABEA). Institute for Water Quality, Resource and Waste Management, University of Technology Vienna. [29] Bertram, M., Graedel, T. E., Rechberger, H., & Spatari, S. (2002). The contemporary European copper cycle: waste management subsystem. Ecological Economics, 42(1-2), 43-57. doi: 10.1016/s0921-8009(02)00100-3 [30] Liu, J. C. et al. (2009). The Project of Recycling System Review and Reducing, Recycling Investigation for wasted car (EPA-97-HA14-03-A003). Taipei, Taiwan: Institute of Environment and Resources. [31] Department of Environmental Protection of Taipei City Government. (2009). Statistics of Waste Management in Taipei. Retrieved from http://www.dep.taipei.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=14974217&ctNode=39418&mp=110001 [32] Huang, R. Y. (1998). The Status Quo and Investigation Framework of Pollution and Waste Generated from Demolition (MOIS871014). New Taipei City, Taiwan: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of The Interior. [33] Lai, Y. L. (2008). Characterization of Heavy Metals in Leachate from a Sanitary Landfill Accepting Incineration Fly Ash in Taipei City (Master’s thesis, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan). Available from Airiti Library. (U0001-2305200815443900). [34] Shih, F. S. (2007). Evaluation of method for dewatered sewage for waste water treatment plant – An example of Taipei city (Master’s thesis, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan). Available from Airiti Library. (U0006-2908200711032100). [35] Environmental Analysis Laboratory. (2001). Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (NIEA M111.00C). Environmental Protection Administration, Executive Yuan, Taiwan. [36] Lin, J. U. (2003). A Study on the Operation Performance for the Transmission Line System of Taichung Power Supply Branch of Taiwan Power Company (Master’s thesis, Taichung Healthcare and Management University, Taichung, Taiwan). Available from National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan. (093THMU0457073-001). [37] Terakado, R., Takahashi, K. I., Daigo, I., Matsuno, Y., & Adachi, Y. (2009). In-Use Stock of Copper in Japan Estimated by Bottom-Up Approach. Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals, 73(9), 713-719. [38] IDC Taiwan. (2008). Sales Volume of PC in Taiwan 2008. Retrieved from http://www.idc.com.tw/about/archivenews.jsp [39] Environmental Protection Administration, Executive Yuan. (2010). Yearbook of Environmental Protection Statistics, 2010. Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov.tw/ch/DocList.aspx?unit=24&clsone=501&clstwo=178&clsthree=168&busin=4177&path=9548 [40] Ruhrberg, M. (2006). Assessing the recycling efficiency of copper from end-of-life products in Western Europe. Resources Conservation and Recycling, 48(2), 141-165. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2006.01.003 [41] Spatari, S., Bertram, M., Fuse, K., Graedel, T. E., & Rechberger, H. (2002). The contemporary European copper cycle: 1 year stocks and flows. Ecological Economics, 42(1-2), 27-42. doi: 10.1016/s0921-8009(02)00103-9 [42] Environmental Protection Administration, Executive Yuan. (2011). Copper, Cu. Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov.tw/ch/aioshow.aspx?busin=324&path=1846&guid=90b04940-4fc4-4318-a50b-6b7086ee74af&lang=zh-tw [43] Huang, C. K. (1998). Evaluation of the Emission Characteristic of Air Pollutants in Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator (Master’s thesis, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan). [44] Tan, C. J. (2005). Characteristics and Influences of Emission Paticles from the Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator (Mater’s thesis, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan). Available from Airiti Library. (U0001-2807200517504100). | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/64445 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 都市隨著快速的人口成長以及密集的人類活動，對於服務與商品需求有著越來越龐大之趨勢；而作為這樣的社會及經濟發展中心，亦使得都市系統成為自然資源耗竭之主要熱點。因此對決策者而言，為了環境保護及資源永續利用等目標，針對特定元素流佈的都市層級研究便顯得十分重要。
本研究之目的為藉由盤查都市中詳細的元素流情形，進而了解相關都市代謝系統現狀以評估合宜策略。方法選用元素流分析（Substance Flow Analysis, SFA），以之量化在特定空間及時間邊界內元素的流動情形；其系統邊界設定為2009年之台北市。本研究所選擇之研究標的為銅，由於人類對銅資源的高度需求，以及這些需求所引發的持續性開採，致使其成為具耗竭危機之資源。另外，為更完整詮釋結果，選用Hedbrant and Sörme（HS method）與蒙地卡羅模擬( Monte Carlo simulation)以檢視資料之不確定性及偏誤。 原有國家層級之元素流分析架構，著重於生產、製造、使用及廢棄管理等階段，然而這樣的架構並不足以提供都市層級的高解析資料需求。因此，本研究建立有別於以往元素流分析架構的四層架構系統，配置詳盡的階段及流向，並包含人類圈、土壤圈、水圈與大氣圈的相互關係。 結果顯示2009年台北市消費約3萬公噸的銅，平均每人每年消費11公斤。其中以建築材料及消費性產品為大宗，分別佔輸入的45%及55%。元素流分析結果亦呈現輸入及輸出兩者間存在落差，可能為不明流向，甚或屬非法棄置；這些不明流向可以成為未來資源管理政策之重要目標。另外，元素流資料也能作為都市採礦(urban mining)等相關未來研究之基石。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Cities are social and economic hubs with escalating population density and intensive human activities which induce the enormous demand for service and goods, making urban areas the dominant hotspots of natural resource depletion. Research at an urban level with certain substance then becomes crucial to decision makers especially in terms of environment protection and resource conservation.
The objective of this study is to construct an appropriate urban metabolism system to acquire detailed substance flows within a city to assist the evaluation of the current status and formulation of proper strategies. The method of substance flow analysis (SFA) is used to quantify the turnover of substance within specific spatial and temporal system boundaries, as Taipei City for the year 2009; the element copper is selected for being potential resource exhaustion. Also, the Hedbrant and Sörme (HS) method and Monte Carlo simulation are applied to examine the data extrapolation error and uncertainty. The generic process-oriented system for national level SFA is insufficient in providing the high resolution data required at an urban level. Hence, a new four-layered substance-oriented system which covers the interactions between anthroposphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and pedosphere is established. Result shows that 30,000 tons of copper (11kg per capita) was consumed in Taipei City 2009, with the bulk flows construction material (45% of the total inflow) and consumer goods (55%). A gap between the inflow and outflow indicates the existence of unidentified flows or even illegal disposal, which might be the highlight of further policy-making and related issues such as urban mining in resource management. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-16T17:47:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-101-R99541108-1.pdf: 3535863 bytes, checksum: 3fb14843290d5050d831cf49cd7ad6c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書 i
中文摘要 ii ABSTRCT iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv LIST OF FIGURES vi LIST OF TABLES viii 1. Introduction 1 2. Literature Review 4 2.1 Urban Metabolism 4 2.2 Overview of Copper 9 2.3 Overview of Taipei City 15 2.4 Substance Flow Analysis (SFA) 18 2.5 Data Uncertainty 22 3. Methodology 25 3.1 System Boundary 26 3.2 Model of Copper Flow 28 3.2.1 Level 1 (UAN, PBL, UPV, UHY) 33 3.2.2 Level 2 (ECO, MOV, PHH, UIN) 36 3.2.3 Level 3 (TEC, SMI, WMI) and Level 4 (CTS, INC, COM, LDF, WWS, WSS) 43 3.2.4 In-Use Stock 47 3.3 Data Uncertainty 49 4. Results and Discussions 52 4.1 Level 1 (UAN, PBL, UPV, UHY) 52 4.2 Level 2 (ECO, MOV, PHH, UIN) 56 4.3 Level 3 (TEC, SMI, WMI) and Level 4 (CTS, INC, COM, LDF, WWS, WSS) 66 4.4 In-Use Stock 69 4.5 Data Uncertainty 72 4.6 Discussions 98 4.6.1 The Insignificant Process and Flows 98 4.6.2 The Unidentified Flows 102 5. Conclusions 104 REFERENCE 107 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | 都市代謝 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 元素流分析 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 銅 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | copper | en |
| dc.subject | urban metabolism | en |
| dc.subject | substance flow analysis | en |
| dc.title | 銅元素都市代謝-以台北市為例 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Urban Metabolism of Copper: The Case of Taipei City | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 100-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 李公哲,張慶源 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 都市代謝,元素流分析,銅, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | urban metabolism,substance flow analysis,copper, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 112 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2012-08-14 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 環境工程學研究所 | |
文件中的檔案：
| 檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ntu-101-1.pdf 未授權公開取用 | 3.45 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件，除了特別指名其著作權條款之外，均受到著作權保護，並且保留所有的權利。