政策性農業專案貸款對農會信用部經營績效之影響

Abstract

近年來隨著我國加入WTO以後，農產貿易的國際化及自由化所帶來的改變與衝擊，都對我國農業生產形成莫大的影響，因此為利於農業產業轉型與升級，農業經營所需資金是否充足且能順利提供，以符合農民實際所需，便成為相當重要的關鍵。而農業金融法自2004年1月30日施行以來，農漁會信用部改隸農委會一元化管理，由農業金融局負責推動政策性農業專案貸款及農業金融機構之監理，由農漁會各項經營數據顯示，此項改革已獲致相當大的成效。 因政策性農業專案貸款是我國施行農業政策相當重要的一環，希望經由本次研究能讓大家有機會瞭解現行政策性農業專案貸款執行成效及其對農會信用部經營績效之助益。而本研究係以全國269家農會信用部為研究對象，分析2009年到2011年農會信用部各項經營數據，並據以探討農會信用部辦理政策性農業專案貸款對其經營績效上之影響。 在運用三階段資料包絡分析法(DEA)來進行實證分析後可得知，就全體農會信用部平均值而言，農業發展基金放款總額僅占放款總額約18.20%，所占比重並不高，唯中南部地區則高過30%，東部地區為27.8%，北部地區最低，僅有1.68%。 經加入投入差額調整後再重新推估的結果，整體平均效率值已由原先0.751，提高至0.996；最小值亦由原先0.318，提升至0.899，也已經超逾原先平均值；而效率值為1之樣本農會信用部亦增加到682個之多。綜此觀之，在偋除各環境變數及統計干擾項重新調整後，整體農會信用部之經營效率皆已獲致相當顯著的改善。 由實證分析亦可得知，農會信用部產生經營無效率的現象，主要係因投入資源未做妥善的規劃與運用，因此雖然依據各項經營數據顯示，全體農會信用部經營成效已獲致很大的進步，唯如何更有效地運用各項既有資源及降低營運成本，應是往後信用部經營必須面對的重要議題。

Following being a member in WTO, the impacts resulted from the globalization and liberalization of agricultural trade did affect our agricultural production much. Therefore, in order to help the transformation and upgrade in the industrialization of agriculture, it is crucial whether the finance demanded in agricultural operations is sufficient and provided immediately in the perspective of meeting the farmers’ practical needs.Since Agricultural Financial Law was in acted from 30th Jan in 2004, Credit Department of Farmers' and Fisheries Associations have begun to be subordinate to Council of Agriculture. Besides, Agriculture Financial Bureau had been responsible for administration of Agricultural Policy Loan and supervision of agricultural finance institutions. According to the operation data of Credit Department of Farmers' and Fisheries Associations, this reform did attain to great results. Because Agricultural Policy Loan is an important part in agricultural policy, this research is intended to reveal the effects of Agricultural Policy Loan and its boost for the operating performance of Credit Departments of Farmers' Associations. This research will cover 269 branches of Credit Departments of Farmers' Associations, especially the execution data between 2009 and 2011, and will further explore the influences on operating performance after Credit Departments of Farmers' Associations started to implement Agricultural Policy Loan . According to the empirical analysis of Three-stage Data Envelopment Analysis, the result is that the loans of Fund for Agricultural Development had occupied just 18.20% in total loans averagely. This is not too high but the occupation of middle and southern Taiwan is above 30%, eastern part 27.8% and the lowest is northern part, just 1.68%. While inputs slack is added and to recheck the results, the overall efficiency value will arise to 0.996 from 0.751; the lowest value will arise to 0.899 from 0.318 and beyond the average value before; and the samples whose efficiency value is 1 also attain to 682. That is to say, after eliminating every environment variable and re-adjusting statistical Interference, the operating performance of Credit Departments of Farmers' Associations did improve quite a lot. According to the empirical analysis, the research also reveals the non-efficiency of Credit Departments Of Farmers' can be attributable to the resources out of management. While the operating performance of Credit Departments of Farmers' Associations did improve a lot according to the operating data, but the important issue might be how Credit Departments of Farmers' Associations would administer the resources and lower down the operation cost effectively.