分散與整合供應鏈之產能與研發賽局

Abstract

本研究欲探討在需求不確定下，分散式供應鏈與整合供應鏈間進行具有產能限制的價格競爭行為以及長期產品技術水準與產能水準的投資規劃，以了解不同供應鏈結構之利潤分配與決策行為差異。考慮產能限制本研究將價格行為分為四個情況以取得最適價格與數量並透過Bertrand異質模型求解兩供應鏈的價格決策；長期而言，考慮產品技術進入市場的先後順序，分別以整合供應鏈以及分散式供應鏈為領導者，兩供應鏈進行研發與產能規劃採用動態規劃模型求解產品技術與產能的最佳投資決策。研究結果將由價格決策影響因子、當期利潤、投資決策影響因子以及多期總收益等四個主題進行探討。

In this study, we explore that capacity and technology competition between decentralized and integrated supply chains under demand uncertainty. They conduct price competition with capacity constraint and investment decisions of capacity and technology in product design in the long-term. The paper aims to understand profit allocation and decision-making of different supply chain structure. We divide competition situations into four cases by capacity constraint and solve the pricing behaviors through differentiated Bertrand model. In the long term, we consider the order of the product technology into the market, defining either integrated supply chain or decentralized supply chain is leader. We model a dynamic programming to solve the technology and capacity investment decisions. Finally, the paper illustrates the research results from four themes, including pricing, the current profits, the investment decisions and N-periods profits.