台灣銀行業人力需求之探討-官股銀行之研究

Abstract

在全球經濟成長趨勢下，金融服務業產值占國家 GDP的比率，未來仍將呈逐年上升趨勢，台灣金融業組成比率係由銀行業、證券業與保險業組成，其中銀行業所占比重達36%，扮演金融業重心。 銀行業務擴張和規模擴大將帶動銀行人力需求增加，而高科技興起是否又會影響銀行人力需求，均是本研究探討影響銀行業人力需求因素的誘因。各銀行因主要業務和獲利來源不同，影響人力需求因素亦不相同，是以本研究選取業務和設立背景較為相似的六大泛官股銀行: 臺灣銀行、臺灣土地銀行、合作金庫商業銀行、第一商業銀行、彰化商業銀行、兆豐國際商業銀行。 本文主要利用panel data模型探討資本、放款、定存合計、支存合計戶數、手續費及佣金收入、自動提款機裝設台數、金融卡發卡數、員工生產力、每人平均薪資對六大泛官股銀行人力需求的影響。 研究結果顯示資本、放款、定存、自動提款機裝設台數顯著正向影響員工人數，而支存合計戶數、手續費及佣金收入、金融卡發卡數經由交互作用後也顯著正向影響員工人數，表示銀行很多業務是相輔相成的，單一業務和設備的提升並無法顯著帶動銀行員工人數的上升。

In the global economy today, the ratio of financial services sector output in the country's GDP shall rise year by year. Financial sector in Taiwan is computed by banking, securities, and insurance industries. The banking plays an important role in the financial sector, which contributes 36 % of the financial GDP. The expansion of banking industry drives the demand of manpower . The principal activities and profitability sources are different among banks. Hence, the factors affecting manpower demand is diverse. This paper selects six state-owned banks which have similar background : Bank of Taiwan, Land Bank of Taiwan, Taiwan Cooperative Bank, First Bank, Chang Hwa Bank, Mega International Commercial Bank. This paper mainly discussed how the capitals, loans, total time deposit, total number of check deposits, fees and commission income, the number of ATM machines, issued ATM cards, employee productivity, average salary effect the manpower demand for the six state-owned banks by panel data model The results show that the capitals, loans, time deposits, the number of ATM machines have positive impact on the number of employees, and the total number of households deposit, fee and commission income, the number of debit card issuers also have significantly positive affect to the number of employees by the interaction , which means many bank services are complementary, one kind of business or equipment can’t significantly increase the number of bank employees.