智慧電網結合再生能源之動態計價方法

Abstract

基於最近先進的電力系統技術以及無線通訊技術的發展, 智慧電網的概念開始 逐漸蓬勃發展, 到了現在使用者已經有能力可以在家中裝設再生能源發電的裝置 和儲存電力的設備。另一方面, 由於環境的考量, 電力公司也積極利用再生能源發 電來替代傳統發電的能源。其中一種有效的方法就是電力公司提供一個有吸引力 的買電價來激勵使用者生產更多的再生能源並將自己的再生能源賣回去給電力公 司。跟之前的研究不同的是, 我們考慮一種結合再生能源的買回價格的動態電價方 法。我們將整個電價問題利用凹性最佳化數學模型來解決, 並且提出一個日前動態 計價方法並利用分散式演算法來處理我們的問題, 這樣一來我們可以同時兼顧使 用者的隱私以及整體系統的彈性。我們的目標就是希望可以將整體利益最大化並 且同時對使用者和電力公司都可以帶來利益。同時以我們有限的知識所知，我們 是最早考慮到結合環境利益的研究。實驗的結果也顯示我們的方法確實可以有效 的降低尖峰時刻電力的負擔和平衡整體電力系統的供電曲線。

Thanks to the recent advance on power engineering and wireless communications, the smart grid technology has emerged and users are now capable of deploying renewable energy generators and storage devices at their homes. On the other side, due to the rise of environmental consciousness, electric companies are eager to replace traditional generators with renewable energy. One of the most efficient ways is to provide an electricity buyback scheme for electric companies to encourage users to generate more renewable energy at their homes. Different from the previous works, we consider dynamic pricing with renewable energy buyback as our target scenario. We formulate the dynamic pricing problem as a convex optimization dual problem and propose a day-ahead time-dependent pricing scheme in a distributed manner which provides more privacy to users. The goal of our developed framework is to achieve the maximum benefits for both users and electric companies. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the very first works to tackle the timedependent problem with taking the environmental benefit of renewable energy into consideration for smart grid. The numerical results show that our framework can significantly reduce the peak time loading and efficiently balance the system energy provision.