使用行動電話與腦腫瘤相關性之文獻回顧

Abstract

自1980年代行動電話的發明後，行動電話通訊的普遍與發展為人們帶來了生活上與商業上的種種便利。但因使用行動電話而造成暴露在電磁波的危害健康議題，愈來愈引起民眾的關注。 本研究的目的是用文獻蒐集並加以統合分析的研究方法，來探究使用行動電話與罹患腦腫癌之風險的醫學文獻證據。文獻研究方式，以文獻搜尋是使用電腦查尋資料庫包含有MEDLINE(Pub Med database醫學資料庫www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)、EMBASE、Cochrane Library、思博網(CEPS)和台灣碩博士論文知識加值系統等醫學資料庫之相關文獻，搜尋關於使用行動電話影響罹患腦腫瘤危險性的研究報告，以用使用行動電話和罹患腦腫瘤的相關病例對照研究，以目前的醫學研究尚無一致的定論使用行動電話會增加罹患腦腫瘤的危險性。關於這些使用行動電話的研究，在研究方法上仍有一些限制，造成在推論上的困難。本研究將相關病例對照研究整合分析，增加研究個案數來探討行動電話使用與增加罹患腦瘤風險。 而在經過統合發現，腦膠質瘤的發生與長時間使用動電話(超過四百小時及十年以上者)其勝算比分別為1.09(1.00,1.19)及1.24(1.09,1.40)，而使用超過十年的類比及數位行動電話，其好發率的勝算比分為1.28(1.14,1.44)及1.14(1.05,1.23)而行動電話慣用手與好發位置同側勝算比為1.24(1.14,1.34)。 經由整合統計而經然對於電磁波暴露造成腦膠質瘤風險的生物機制，未來仍需要更多的相關研究，來釐清使用行動電話是否會對人體的健康造成傷害。

After the invention of mobile phones in 1980s, the communication have become more convenient and more often than ever. However, the health-related issues in the exposure of electromagnetic waves along with the use of mobile phones attract more and more attention from the public. The aim of the study was to explore the association between the use of mobile phones and the incidence risk of brain tumors by reviewing related literature and meta-analysis. The related literature were search through database systems include MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CEPS and National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan (NDLTD in Taiwan). Those articles were included only for case-control studies. According to the articles reviewed, the consistent relationship between the mobile phones use and increased risk of brain tumors (glioma, meningioma, acoustic neuroma) was still unavailable. According to the limited cases and methods, we use the meta-analysis to explore the association of the mobile phone use and the increase risk of the brain tumor. After the meta-analysis had been carried out, for people who have used mobile phones more than 400 hours and those who have used mobile phones more than 10years, the odds ratios for the risk of suffering from glioma are 1.09 (95% confidence interval: 1.00-1.19) and 1.24(95% confidence interval: 1.09-1.40). For people who have used analogous mobile phones and those who have used digital mobile phones more than 10 years, the odds ratios for the risk of suffering from glioma are 1.28 (95% confidence interval: 1.14-1.44) and 1.14(95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.23). For people with ipsilateral mobile phones, the odds ratio for the risk of suffering from glioma is 1.24 (95% confidence interval: 1.14-1.34). Further researches are needed to clarify the biological mechnism lying between the risk of suffering form glioma and exposure of electromagnetic waves and to elucidate the health impact of mobile phones. Key word: Mobile phone, electromagnetic waves, brain neoplasm, radiation, glioma, meningioma, acoustic neuroma