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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 黃文達(Wen-Dar Huang) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yuan-Ching Peng | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 彭元慶 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T10:29:22Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2015-08-20 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2013-08-20 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2013 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2013-08-14 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/60768 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | Oryza rufipogon為現行栽培稻之祖先，也為重要之育種資源。台灣野生稻亦屬於Oryza rufipogon 之一群，其學名為Oryza rufipogon Griff.，其生理特性值得深入探究。本研究針對具有長芒之台灣野生稻其穗部各光合器官(芒、內外穎、枝梗等）之解剖構造及色素組成進行觀察及比較，並輔以田間生育資料對其生理意義進行探討。結果顯示台灣野生稻芒僅有少量氣孔，其葉綠素含量極低，並非穗部主要之光合器官，剪芒處理則可能影響穗溫。其內外穎之氣孔主要分佈於內表皮，與栽培稻相同，且葉綠體之分佈靠近胚乳側，推論主要之生理功能為重新固定穀粒本身呼吸作用所釋放出之CO2。枝梗之氣孔密度及葉綠素含量最高，推測為穗部主要與外界進行氣體交換之器官，一次枝梗及穗軸其轉流能力高於二次枝梗及小枝梗。進一步於乳熟期觀察各器官之葉綠體超微結構，發現其光合作用效能之最大值出現於不同之穀粒充實期，且穗部各光合器官之葉綠體生命週期小於劍葉。比較芒中靠近維管束及近厚壁組織之葉綠體構造，則可判定芒中之光合作用較偏向C3路徑。
總結而言，穗部各光合器官具有不同之生理功能，其主要功能與麥穗器官亦不盡相同，再固定呼吸作用之CO2對產量及米質之影響，以及枝梗及穗部光合作用作為供源之能力在育種過程中是否改變，都需要進一步研究。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Oryza rufipogon is considered to be the direct wild ancestor of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.), and significant genetic resource as well. The wild rice in Taiwan, Oryza rufipogon Griff. , is a subfamily of Oryza rufipogon and worthy to explore its physiological and morphological significances. This study was focused on the anatomical structure and pigment composition of panicle organs (awn, lemma, palea, rachis branch, etc) of Oryza rufipogon Griff. . Combinding the datas in the field, we can elucidate the photosynthetic roles of these panicle organs. The results show that awn has low stomata density, low chlorophyll contents, interpreting it is not an important ‘source’ in panicle. Meanwhile, clipping awns probably affects the panicle temperature. Stomata on lemma and palea were found in inner epidermis, corresponding to the observation in cultivated rice. The position of green tissue (near the grain) also indicate that re-fixing respired CO2 is the fuction of rice glumes. Rachis branch, with highest stomata density and chlorophyll content, is the main site of gas exchange in rice panicle. The translocation capabilities of panicle axis and primary branch are larger than secondary branch and pedicel.
Observation of the chloroplast ultrastructure in different organs reveals that maximum photosynthetic rate of these organs may appear in different grain-filling stages. Life span of chloroplast in panicle organs are shorter than flag leaf. Comparing the chloroplasts in awn showed that awn carries C3 photosynthesis characteristics. Every rice panicle organs has its own physiological role, not the same as the ear of wheat. How CO2 re-fixation affects yield and quality and the contribution of panicle photosynthesis change in breeding process need further researches. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-16T10:29:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-102-R00621116-1.pdf: 12648142 bytes, checksum: 0a4b3b4a8e58ba7622c36ec2eb0d41cf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 i
中文摘要 ii Abstract iii 目錄 iv 圖目錄 vi 表目錄 vii 附圖及附表目錄 viii 縮寫字對照 ix 前人研究 一、 台灣野生稻之重要性 1 二、 C3 禾榖類作物穗部光合作用之重要性 2 三、 穗部各綠色器官之功能及生理意義 4 四、 水稻穗部光合作用之前人研究 6 五、 本論文研究內容 7 材料與方法 一、 植物材料、種植及取樣時期 9 二、 穗部各光合器官之表面微細結構觀察 9 三、 穗部各光合器官葉綠體及葉綠素合成前驅物分佈情形 10 四、 穗部各光合器官之葉綠體結構 10 五、 穗部各光合器官葉綠素及其衍生物之含量 11 六、 以高效能液相層析儀分析穗部各光合器官葉黃素含量 13 七、 芒對穗溫的影響 14 結果 一、 水稻穗部各光合器官之氣孔分佈及表面微細構造觀察 15 二、 野生稻穗部各光合器官剖面及葉綠體、葉綠素合成前驅物分布情形 16 三、 野生稻穗部各光合器官之葉綠體結構比較 17 四、 穗部各光合器官葉綠素及其衍生物之含量 17 五、 芒對穗溫之影響 19 討論 一、 野生稻穗部各器官之生理意義及可能對穀粒充實之貢獻 20 二、 野生稻穗部各光合器官之葉綠體效能隨穀粒充實變化 22 三、 野生稻穗部各光合器官之色素組成與生理意義 23 四、 未來展望及結論 25 參考文獻 26 圖一、以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察不同品種水稻芒之表面微細構造及氣孔分佈 34 圖二、以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察不同品種水稻外穎之表面微細構造及氣孔分佈 35 圖三、以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察不同品種水稻內穎之表面微細構造及氣孔分佈 36 圖四、以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察小麥穗部器官之表面微細構造及氣孔分佈 37 圖五、以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察台灣野生稻枝梗之表面微細構造及氣孔分佈 38 圖六、以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察台灣野生稻種皮之表面微細構造 39 圖七、以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察大穎稻護穎之表面微細構造及氣孔分佈 40 圖八、以共軛焦顯微鏡觀察台灣野生稻穗部器官剖面中之葉綠體分佈 41 圖九、以共軛焦顯微鏡觀察台灣野生稻及小麥其芒及外穎剖面中之葉綠體分佈 42 圖十、穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察台灣野生稻乳熟期時之穗部器官剖面 43 圖十一、穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察台灣野生稻乳熟期時穗部器官之葉綠體超微結構 44 圖十二、野生稻芒對穗溫的影響 45 圖十三、穗部光合器官及其推測功能之概要圖 46 表一、不同水稻品種及小麥及其穗部各器官之氣孔長度與氣孔密度 47 表二、台灣野生稻穗部器官剖面構造比較 48 表三、台灣野生稻乳熟期時穗部各器官之葉綠體超微結構比較 49 表四、台灣野生稻於不同榖粒充實期其穗部器官之葉綠素及類胡蘿蔔素含量 50 表五、台灣野生稻於不同榖粒充實期其穗部器官之葉綠素生合成前驅物含量 51 表六、台灣野生稻於不同榖粒充實期其穗部器官之吡啉百分比 52 表七、台灣野生稻於不同榖粒充實期其穗部器官之葉綠素崩解物含量 53 附圖一、台灣野生稻植株生育情形、取樣時期 54 附表一、以高效能液相層析儀分析穗部各光合器官之葉黃素組成 55 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 台灣野生稻穗部各器官其解剖結構及光合作用角色之探討 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Study of the anatomical structure and photosynthetic role of panicle organs of Oryza rufipogon Griff. | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 101-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.coadvisor | 楊棋明(Chi-Ming Yang) | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 許明晃(Ming-Huang Hsu),楊志維(Zhi-Wei Yang) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 台灣野生稻,稻穗,光合作用,氣孔分佈,葉綠體結構,色素組成, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Oryza rufipogon Griff,panicle photosynthesis,stomata distribution,chloroplast ultrastructure,pigments composition, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 55 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2013-08-15 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 農藝學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 農藝學系 | |
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