關係流動性調節情緒表達與心理功能間之相關

Abstract

本研究探討關係流動性對情緒表達與心理功能間相關之影響。採用社會生態學的觀點，我們預期在高關係流動性中的個體，其一般性情緒表達與心理功能成正相關。但在低關係流動性中的個體，一般性情緒表達與心理無關。然而，表達負向社會脫離性(socially-disengaging)的情緒，如憤怒或敵意，則只對處於低關係流動性中的個體有負向後果。研究結果支持假設: a)在高關係流動性中的個體，其情緒表達信念與憂鬱症狀存在負相關，但此相關在低關係流動性的個體身上減弱(研究一)。b)接受低關係流動性操弄之參與者，表達憤怒情緒會導致正向情感與自我調控能力的下降，但在接受高關係流動性操弄之參與者身上無此現象(研究二)。最後，也針對此研究結果之意涵對於社會生態學的理解進行討論。

The present study investigates the influence of relational mobility on the link between emotional expression and psychological functioning. Taking the socio-ecological perspective, we predicted that, for individuals high in relational mobility, emotional expression in general should be related to positive psychological functioning; for individuals low in relational mobility, emotional expression in general should be unrelated to psychological functioning. However, emotional expression of negative socially-disengaging emotions (e.g., anger, hostility) should have negative consequences only for individuals low in relational mobility. In support of our hypotheses, we found that (a) there was a negative association between belief in emotional expression and depressive symptoms among individuals high in relational mobility, and this association was attenuated among individuals low in relational mobility (Study 1), and (b) emotional expression of anger led to a decrease in positive affect and self-regulatory strength among individuals exposed to low mobility priming but not among individuals exposed to high mobility priming (Study 2). Implications of these findings for a socio-ecological understanding of emotion regulation were discussed.