背包載重步行策略與機械能量流分析

Abstract

本文目的為利用機械能量流模型探討習用之背包載重步行策略。根據文獻，載重步行會改變原有的步態策略與增加代謝消耗。局部肢段重量的重新分配，可能導致系統整體的內力與能量分布產生變化。機械能量流模型結合運動學與力學資訊，以能量觀點闡述人體肢段能量分配、關節發動角色與系統能量流動樣態，提供更多人體運動策略的證據。 本文之步態實驗納入八名健康青壯年受試者。每位受試者著鞋、背負5種背包負荷(0%、10%、15%、20%與25%的受試者體重)以自選速度行走於實驗室環境下之十公尺走道。動作捕捉系統與三塊測力板在試驗中獲取肢段運動軌跡與地面反力，並於試驗後以逆向動力學方法建構能量流模型。 實驗結果顯示，額外的背包荷重會增加上半身與下肢間能量傳遞，並增加下肢關節的負荷。單腳站立側之髖關節與膝關節為載重步行時，主要的額外能量吸收與發動源。

Backpack load carriage induces metabolic cost and changes walking strategy. Local weight redistribution leads to changing entire transmission pattern of internal loads and power. The aim of this study is to investigate the strategy of walking with backpack loads through energy flow model, and to provide clinical recommendations for backpack load. The energy flow analysis would be a tool on observing the internal energy management during human locomotion. Eight healthy young adults were recruited in our study. Subjects walked along 10-meter walkway with shoes at self-selected speed under the five load conditions: 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% of the participant's body weight. Mechanical energy flow model was constructed based on human motion data and inverse dynamics. Our finding showed that increasing backpack load causes a significant interflow between trunk and legs due to greater energy capacity of upper body, and these extra interflow are generated/absorbed by the hip and knee of stance leg.