請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/6007
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 楊宏志(Hung-Chih Yang) | |
dc.contributor.author | Weng-In Wong | en |
dc.contributor.author | 黄詠妍 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-05-16T16:19:20Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2015-09-24 | |
dc.date.available | 2021-05-16T16:19:20Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2013-09-24 | |
dc.date.issued | 2013 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2013-08-12 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Alatrakchi, N., and Koziel, M. (2009). Regulatory T cells and viral liver disease. J Viral Hepat 16, 223-229.
Battaglia, M., Gregori, S., Bacchetta, R., and Roncarolo, M.G. (2006). Tr1 cells: from discovery to their clinical application. Semin Immunol 18, 120-127. Belkaid, Y., Piccirillo, C.A., Mendez, S., Shevach, E.M., and Sacks, D.L. (2002). CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells control Leishmania major persistence and immunity. Nature 420, 502-507. Betts, R.J., Prabhu, N., Ho, A.W., Lew, F.C., Hutchinson, P.E., Rotzschke, O., Macary, P.A., and Kemeny, D.M. (2012). Influenza A virus infection results in a robust, antigen-responsive, and widely disseminated Foxp3+ regulatory T cell response. J Virol 86, 2817-2825. Boyden, A.W., Legge, K.L., and Waldschmidt, T.J. (2012). Pulmonary infection with influenza A virus induces site-specific germinal center and T follicular helper cell responses. PLoS One 7, e40733. Brincks, E.L., Roberts, A.D., Cookenham, T., Sell, S., Kohlmeier, J.E., Blackman, M.A., and Woodland, D.L. (2013). Antigen-Specific Memory Regulatory CD4+Foxp3+ T Cells Control Memory Responses to Influenza Virus Infection. J Immunol 190, 3438-3446. Brown, D.M., Roman, E., and Swain, S.L. (2004). CD4 T cell responses to influenza infection. Semin Immunol 16, 171-177. Brunkow, M.E., Jeffery, E.W., Hjerrild, K.A., Paeper, B., Clark, L.B., Yasayko, S.A., Wilkinson, J.E., Galas, D., Ziegler, S.F., and Ramsdell, F. (2001). Disruption of a new forkhead/winged-helix protein, scurfin, results in the fatal lymphoproliferative disorder of the scurfy mouse. Nat Genet 27, 68-73. Campbell, D.J., and Koch, M.A. (2011). Phenotypical and functional specialization of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells. Nat Rev Immunol 11, 119-130. Castrucci, M.R., and Kawaoka, Y. (1993). Biologic importance of neuraminidase stalk length in influenza A virus. J Virol 67, 759-764. Chapman, T.J., Castrucci, M.R., Padrick, R.C., Bradley, L.M., and Topham, D.J. (2005). Antigen-specific and non-specific CD4+ T cell recruitment and proliferation during influenza infection. Virology 340, 296-306. Chen, W., Calvo, P.A., Malide, D., Gibbs, J., Schubert, U., Bacik, I., Basta, S., O'Neill, R., Schickli, J., Palese, P., et al. (2001). A novel influenza A virus mitochondrial protein that induces cell death. Nat Med 7, 1306-1312. Chen, W., Jin, W., Hardegen, N., Lei, K.J., Li, L., Marinos, N., McGrady, G., and Wahl, S.M. (2003). Conversion of peripheral CD4+CD25- naive T cells to CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells by TGF-beta induction of transcription factor Foxp3. J Exp Med 198, 1875-1886. Chen, Y., Inobe, J., and Weiner, H.L. (1995). Induction of oral tolerance to myelin basic protein in CD8-depleted mice: both CD4+ and CD8+ cells mediate active suppression. J Immunol 155, 910-916. Chen, Y., Kuchroo, V.K., Inobe, J., Hafler, D.A., and Weiner, H.L. (1994). Regulatory T cell clones induced by oral tolerance: suppression of autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Science 265, 1237-1240. Cox, N.J., and Subbarao, K. (2000). Global epidemiology of influenza: past and present. Annu Rev Med 51, 407-421. Curotto de Lafaille, M.A., and Lafaille, J.J. (2009). Natural and adaptive foxp3+ regulatory T cells: more of the same or a division of labor? Immunity 30, 626-635. da Silva Martins, M., and Piccirillo, C.A. (2012). Functional stability of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Trends Mol Med 18, 454-462. Dejnirattisai, W., Duangchinda, T., Lin, C.L., Vasanawathana, S., Jones, M., Jacobs, M., Malasit, P., Xu, X.N., Screaton, G., and Mongkolsapaya, J. (2008). A complex interplay among virus, dendritic cells, T cells, and cytokines in dengue virus infections. J Immunol 181, 5865-5874. Diebold, S.S., Kaisho, T., Hemmi, H., Akira, S., and Reis e Sousa, C. (2004). Innate antiviral responses by means of TLR7-mediated recognition of single-stranded RNA. Science 303, 1529-1531. Dolganiuc, A., and Szabo, G. (2008). T cells with regulatory activity in hepatitis C virus infection: what we know and what we don't. J Leukoc Biol 84, 614-622. Fontenot, J.D., Gavin, M.A., and Rudensky, A.Y. (2003). Foxp3 programs the development and function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. Nat Immunol 4, 330-336. Fontenot, J.D., and Rudensky, A.Y. (2005). A well adapted regulatory contrivance: regulatory T cell development and the forkhead family transcription factor Foxp3. Nat Immunol 6, 331-337. Fulton, R.B., Meyerholz, D.K., and Varga, S.M. (2010). Foxp3+ CD4 regulatory T cells limit pulmonary immunopathology by modulating the CD8 T cell response during respiratory syncytial virus infection. J Immunol 185, 2382-2392. Ghendon, Y. (1994). Introduction to pandemic influenza through history. European journal of epidemiology 10, 451-453. Gomez Lorenzo, M.M., and Fenton, M.J. (2013). Immunobiology of influenza vaccines. Chest 143, 502-510. Gomez-Escobar, N., Gregory, W.F., and Maizels, R.M. (2000). Identification of tgh-2, a filarial nematode homolog of Caenorhabditis elegans daf-7 and human transforming growth factor beta, expressed in microfilarial and adult stages of Brugia malayi. Infect Immun 68, 6402-6410. Haribhai, D., Lin, W., Relland, L.M., Truong, N., Williams, C.B., and Chatila, T.A. (2007). Regulatory T cells dynamically control the primary immune response to foreign antigen. J Immunol 178, 2961-2972. Haribhai, D., Williams, J.B., Jia, S., Nickerson, D., Schmitt, E.G., Edwards, B., Ziegelbauer, J., Yassai, M., Li, S.H., Relland, L.M., et al. (2011). A requisite role for induced regulatory T cells in tolerance based on expanding antigen receptor diversity. Immunity 35, 109-122. Hoffmann, E., Neumann, G., Kawaoka, Y., Hobom, G., and Webster, R.G. (2000). A DNA transfection system for generation of influenza A virus from eight plasmids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97, 6108-6113. Holt, P.G., Strickland, D.H., Wikstrom, M.E., and Jahnsen, F.L. (2008). Regulation of immunological homeostasis in the respiratory tract. Nat Rev Immunol 8, 142-152. Ichinohe, T., Lee, H.K., Ogura, Y., Flavell, R., and Iwasaki, A. (2009). Inflammasome recognition of influenza virus is essential for adaptive immune responses. J Exp Med 206, 79-87. Ishihama, A., Mizumoto, K., Kawakami, K., Kato, A., and Honda, A. (1986). Proofreading function associated with the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from influenza virus. J Biol Chem 261, 10417-10421. Jameson, J., Cruz, J., and Ennis, F.A. (1998). Human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte repertoire to influenza A viruses. J Virol 72, 8682-8689. Johnson, S., Zhan, Y., Sutherland, R.M., Mount, A.M., Bedoui, S., Brady, J.L., Carrington, E.M., Brown, L.E., Belz, G.T., Heath, W.R., et al. (2009). Selected Toll-like receptor ligands and viruses promote helper-independent cytotoxic T cell priming by upregulating CD40L on dendritic cells. Immunity 30, 218-227. Jordan, M.S., Boesteanu, A., Reed, A.J., Petrone, A.L., Holenbeck, A.E., Lerman, M.A., Naji, A., and Caton, A.J. (2001). Thymic selection of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells induced by an agonist self-peptide. Nat Immunol 2, 301-306. Kandulski, A., Wex, T., Kuester, D., Peitz, U., Gebert, I., Roessner, A., and Malfertheiner, P. (2008). Naturally occurring regulatory T cells (CD4+, CD25high, FOXP3+) in the antrum and cardia are associated with higher H. pylori colonization and increased gene expression of TGF-beta1. Helicobacter 13, 295-303. Kang, S.M., Tang, Q., and Bluestone, J.A. (2007). CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in transplantation: progress, challenges and prospects. Am J Transplant 7, 1457-1463. Kato, H., Sato, S., Yoneyama, M., Yamamoto, M., Uematsu, S., Matsui, K., Tsujimura, T., Takeda, K., Fujita, T., Takeuchi, O., et al. (2005). Cell type-specific involvement of RIG-I in antiviral response. Immunity 23, 19-28. Kim, B., Feng, N., Narvaez, C.F., He, X.S., Eo, S.K., Lim, C.W., and Greenberg, H.B. (2008). The influence of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells on the immune response to rotavirus infection. Vaccine 26, 5601-5611. Kretschmer, K., Apostolou, I., Hawiger, D., Khazaie, K., Nussenzweig, M.C., and von Boehmer, H. (2005). Inducing and expanding regulatory T cell populations by foreign antigen. Nat Immunol 6, 1219-1227. Kullberg, M.C., Jankovic, D., Gorelick, P.L., Caspar, P., Letterio, J.J., Cheever, A.W., and Sher, A. (2002). Bacteria-triggered CD4(+) T regulatory cells suppress Helicobacter hepaticus-induced colitis. J Exp Med 196, 505-515. Lee, D.C., Harker, J.A., Tregoning, J.S., Atabani, S.F., Johansson, C., Schwarze, J., and Openshaw, P.J. (2010). CD25+ natural regulatory T cells are critical in limiting innate and adaptive immunity and resolving disease following respiratory syncytial virus infection. J Virol 84, 8790-8798. Lee, L.Y., Ha do, L.A., Simmons, C., de Jong, M.D., Chau, N.V., Schumacher, R., Peng, Y.C., McMichael, A.J., Farrar, J.J., Smith, G.L., et al. (2008). Memory T cells established by seasonal human influenza A infection cross-react with avian influenza A (H5N1) in healthy individuals. J Clin Invest 118, 3478-3490. Li, S., Gowans, E.J., Chougnet, C., Plebanski, M., and Dittmer, U. (2008). Natural regulatory T cells and persistent viral infection. J Virol 82, 21-30. Litzinger, M.T., Fernando, R., Curiel, T.J., Grosenbach, D.W., Schlom, J., and Palena, C. (2007). IL-2 immunotoxin denileukin diftitox reduces regulatory T cells and enhances vaccine-mediated T-cell immunity. Blood 110, 3192-3201. Long, S.A., Rieck, M., Tatum, M., Bollyky, P.L., Wu, R.P., Muller, I., Ho, J.C., Shilling, H.G., and Buckner, J.H. (2011). Low-dose antigen promotes induction of FOXP3 in human CD4+ T cells. J Immunol 187, 3511-3520. Lund, J.M., Alexopoulou, L., Sato, A., Karow, M., Adams, N.C., Gale, N.W., Iwasaki, A., and Flavell, R.A. (2004). Recognition of single-stranded RNA viruses by Toll-like receptor 7. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101, 5598-5603. Lund, J.M., Hsing, L., Pham, T.T., and Rudensky, A.Y. (2008). Coordination of early protective immunity to viral infection by regulatory T cells. Science 320, 1220-1224. Malek, T.R., Yu, A., Zhu, L., Matsutani, T., Adeegbe, D., and Bayer, A.L. (2008). IL-2 family of cytokines in T regulatory cell development and homeostasis. J Clin Immunol 28, 635-639. Marois, I., Cloutier, A., Garneau, E., and Richter, M.V. (2012). Initial infectious dose dictates the innate, adaptive, and memory responses to influenza in the respiratory tract. J Leukoc Biol 92, 107-121. McMichael, A.J., Gotch, F.M., Noble, G.R., and Beare, P.A. (1983). Cytotoxic T-cell immunity to influenza. N Engl J Med 309, 13-17. Medina, R.A., and Garcia-Sastre, A. (2011). Influenza A viruses: new research developments. Nat Rev Microbiol 9, 590-603. Nepom, G.T. (2012). MHC class II tetramers. J Immunol 188, 2477-2482. Nishikawa, H., and Sakaguchi, S. (2010). Regulatory T cells in tumor immunity. Int J Cancer 127, 759-767. O'Neill, R.E., Talon, J., and Palese, P. (1998). The influenza virus NEP (NS2 protein) mediates the nuclear export of viral ribonucleoproteins. EMBO J 17, 288-296. Polansky, J.K., Kretschmer, K., Freyer, J., Floess, S., Garbe, A., Baron, U., Olek, S., Hamann, A., von Boehmer, H., and Huehn, J. (2008). DNA methylation controls Foxp3 gene expression. Eur J Immunol 38, 1654-1663. Ramsdell, F. (2003). Foxp3 and natural regulatory T cells: key to a cell lineage? Immunity 19, 165-168. Robertson, S.J., Messer, R.J., Carmody, A.B., and Hasenkrug, K.J. (2006). In vitro suppression of CD8+ T cell function by Friend virus-induced regulatory T cells. J Immunol 176, 3342-3349. Rudensky, A.Y. (2011). Regulatory T cells and Foxp3. Immunol Rev 241, 260-268. Sakaguchi, S., Sakaguchi, N., Asano, M., Itoh, M., and Toda, M. (1995). Immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor alpha-chains (CD25). Breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases. J Immunol 155, 1151-1164. Sakaguchi, S., Yamaguchi, T., Nomura, T., and Ono, M. (2008). Regulatory T cells and immune tolerance. Cell 133, 775-787. Sanchez, A.M., Zhu, J., Huang, X., and Yang, Y. (2012). The development and function of memory regulatory T cells after acute viral infections. J Immunol 189, 2805-2814. Smyk-Pearson, S.K., Bakke, A.C., Held, P.K., and Wildin, R.S. (2003). Rescue of the autoimmune scurfy mouse by partial bone marrow transplantation or by injection with T-enriched splenocytes. Clin Exp Immunol 133, 193-199. Suvas, S., Kumaraguru, U., Pack, C.D., Lee, S., and Rouse, B.T. (2003). CD4+CD25+ T cells regulate virus-specific primary and memory CD8+ T cell responses. J Exp Med 198, 889-901. Tadokoro, C.E., Shakhar, G., Shen, S., Ding, Y., Lino, A.C., Maraver, A., Lafaille, J.J., and Dustin, M.L. (2006). Regulatory T cells inhibit stable contacts between CD4+ T cells and dendritic cells in vivo. J Exp Med 203, 505-511. Takahashi, T., Kuniyasu, Y., Toda, M., Sakaguchi, N., Itoh, M., Iwata, M., Shimizu, J., and Sakaguchi, S. (1998). Immunologic self-tolerance maintained by CD25+CD4+ naturally anergic and suppressive T cells: induction of autoimmune disease by breaking their anergic/suppressive state. Int Immunol 10, 1969-1980. Thornton, A.M., and Shevach, E.M. (1998). CD4+CD25+ immunoregulatory T cells suppress polyclonal T cell activation in vitro by inhibiting interleukin 2 production. J Exp Med 188, 287-296. Toka, F.N., Suvas, S., and Rouse, B.T. (2004). CD4+ CD25+ T cells regulate vaccine-generated primary and memory CD8+ T-cell responses against herpes simplex virus type 1. J Virol 78, 13082-13089. Topham, D.J., Tripp, R.A., and Doherty, P.C. (1997). CD8+ T cells clear influenza virus by perforin or Fas-dependent processes. J Immunol 159, 5197-5200. Trandem, K., Anghelina, D., Zhao, J., and Perlman, S. (2010). Regulatory T cells inhibit T cell proliferation and decrease demyelination in mice chronically infected with a coronavirus. J Immunol 184, 4391-4400. Waffarn, E.E., and Baumgarth, N. (2011). Protective B cell responses to flu--no fluke! J Immunol 186, 3823-3829. Weiner, H.L. (2001). Induction and mechanism of action of transforming growth factor-beta-secreting Th3 regulatory cells. Immunol Rev 182, 207-214. Wijburg, O.L., DiNatale, S., Vadolas, J., van Rooijen, N., and Strugnell, R.A. (1997). Alveolar macrophages regulate the induction of primary cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses during influenza virus infection. J Virol 71, 9450-9457. Wilkinson, T.M., Li, C.K., Chui, C.S., Huang, A.K., Perkins, M., Liebner, J.C., Lambkin-Williams, R., Gilbert, A., Oxford, J., Nicholas, B., et al. (2012). Preexisting influenza-specific CD4+ T cells correlate with disease protection against influenza challenge in humans. Nat Med 18, 274-280. Wilks, S., de Graaf, M., Smith, D.J., and Burke, D.F. (2012). A review of influenza haemagglutinin receptor binding as it relates to pandemic properties. Vaccine 30, 4369-4376. Wing, K., Onishi, Y., Prieto-Martin, P., Yamaguchi, T., Miyara, M., Fehervari, Z., Nomura, T., and Sakaguchi, S. (2008). CTLA-4 control over Foxp3+ regulatory T cell function. Science 322, 271-275. Xu, L., Kitani, A., Fuss, I., and Strober, W. (2007). Cutting edge: regulatory T cells induce CD4+CD25-Foxp3- T cells or are self-induced to become Th17 cells in the absence of exogenous TGF-beta. J Immunol 178, 6725-6729. Yamaguchi, T., Wing, J.B., and Sakaguchi, S. (2011). Two modes of immune suppression by Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells under inflammatory or non-inflammatory conditions. Semin Immunol 23, 424-430. Zhou, X., Bailey-Bucktrout, S., Jeker, L.T., and Bluestone, J.A. (2009a). Plasticity of CD4(+) FoxP3(+) T cells. Curr Opin Immunol 21, 281-285. Zhou, X., Bailey-Bucktrout, S.L., Jeker, L.T., Penaranda, C., Martinez-Llordella, M., Ashby, M., Nakayama, M., Rosenthal, W., and Bluestone, J.A. (2009b). Instability of the transcription factor Foxp3 leads to the generation of pathogenic memory T cells in vivo. Nat Immunol 10, 1000-1007. Zuany-Amorim, C., Sawicka, E., Manlius, C., Le Moine, A., Brunet, L.R., Kemeny, D.M., Bowen, G., Rook, G., and Walker, C. (2002). Suppression of airway eosinophilia by killed Mycobacterium vaccae-induced allergen-specific regulatory T-cells. Nat Med 8, 625-629. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/6007 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 現時的流感疫苗主要是針對B細胞免疫來進行設計,使宿主產生強而有效的中和性抗體以阻止病毒的入侵。由於流行性感冒病毒的表面抗原具有高度變異性,導致流感疫苗需每年重新施打,相對地,可辨認具有高度一致性的病毒內部蛋白質的T細胞免疫將會成為新一代流感疫苗設計的思考方向。因此,我們實驗室主要針對探討哪些因子影響對抗流感病毒的T細胞免疫,希望能藉此設計出有效的T細胞疫苗。而最近的研究證明在急性流感病毒感染中會產生具有流感病毒特異性的調節性T細胞,但這些具有抗原特異性的調節性T細胞在急性流感病毒感染時所參與的免疫作用以及角色到目前還不明確。我們在這篇論文裹利用一株帶有卵白蛋白 (Ovalbumin, OVA) 抗原決定部位的A型流感病毒,PR8-OVAII,作為感染模式,去研究具有抗原特異性的調節性T細胞在免疫作用時以及感染不同劑量的流感病毒中的角色是如何。根據我們的研究結果顯示,感染低劑量的病毒比感染高劑量的流感病毒產生較多的抗原特異性的調節性T細胞,而施打疫苗,同樣是一個較弱的免疫刺激,亦會促進具有抗原特異性的調節性T細胞的產生。因此我們認為,在一個較弱的免疫刺激之下較容易產生抗原特異性的調節性T細胞,這些產生出來的具有抗原特異性的調節性T細胞對後續對抗流感病毒的免疫反應會造成什麼影響是我們下一步想要去探討的。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Current influenza vaccine mainly focuses on inducing a strong B cell immunity based on neutralizing antibody to prevent the influenza virus infection. Due to the high mutation rate of influenza surface antigens, annual vaccination is necessary. T cell immunity targeting the conserved internal proteins is thus a candidate for designing a new type of influenza vaccine against a broad spectrum of viral strains. Therefore, we are interested in the factors that which affect T cell immunity against influenza virus. Recent studies have demonstrated that influenza virus-specific regulatory T (Treg) cells can be induced during acute influenza virus infection, but little is known about the role of Treg cells in regulating the immune response during acute influenza virus infection. Here, using OVA epitope-containing influenza A virus (PR8) as a model, we studied the role of viral antigen-specific Treg cells during immunization and different doses of influenza virus infection. We found that, low-dose infection promoted the induction of viral antigen-specific Treg cells. In addition, immunization, another suboptimal immune stimulation, also induced antigen-specific Treg cells. Understanding how these viral antigen-specific Treg cells affect T cell immunity will help us design better vaccine strategy against the infection of highly mutated and emerging pandemic strains of influenza virus. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-16T16:19:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-102-R00445101-1.pdf: 2484334 bytes, checksum: efdd4c43265cea781c8b9a27526caf9c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | Chapter 1: Introduction 1
1.1 Influenza virus 1 1.1.1 Pandemics of influenza A virus 3 1.1.2 Immune response during influenza infection 4 1.1.3 The challenge of current inactivated influenza virus vaccine 6 1.2 Regulatory T cells 7 1.2.1 Subsets of regulatory T cell 9 1.2.2 The mechanisms of suppression by Treg cells 10 1.3 Factors that promote the generation of iTreg cells 12 1.3.1 Homeostasis of lung 15 Chapter 2: Specific aim 17 Chapter 3: Materials and Methods 18 3.1 Mice…. 18 3.2 Plasmid. 19 3.3 Cell culture and virus 19 3.4 Determining the viral titers by plaque assay 19 3.5 Reverse genetics for generation of recombinant influenza A virus 20 3.6 Generation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells 21 3.7 Adoptive transfer of CD4+ T cells to the recipient mice 22 3.8 Mice immunization 23 3.9 Tissue harvest 23 3.10 In vitro generation of iTreg cells 24 3.11 In vitro suppression assay 25 3.12 Antibody and flow cytometry 25 3.13 Statistical analysis 27 Chapter 4: Results 28 4.1 The generation of PR8-OVAII 28 4.2 Infection of PR8-OVAII specifically induces the proliferation of OT-II CD4+ T cells 29 4.3 Low-dose influenza virus infection promotes the induction of viral antigen-specific regulatory T cells 30 4.4 Immunization without adjuvant promoted the introduction of antigen-specific Treg cells 32 4.5 In vitro generated iTreg cells are functional to suppress the proliferation of CD4+ T cells 33 4.6 In vitro generated iTreg cells showed no suppressive function in vivo 34 Chapter 5: Discussions 36 5.1 Regulatory T cells in acute viral infecion 36 5.2 Model of PR8-OVAII 37 5.3 No suppressive function of in vitro generated iTreg cells was observed 40 5.4 Conclusion 41 Chapter 6: Figures 43 Chapter 7: References 59 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 探討不同劑量的流感病毒感染以及施打疫苗對調節性T細胞生成的影響 | zh_TW |
dc.title | The effects of the viral dose and immunization on induction of influenza virus antigen-specific regulatory T cells | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 101-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 江伯倫,陶秘華,林素珍 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 調節性T細胞,流感病毒,疫苗,不同病毒劑量, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Regulatory T cells,influenza virus,vaccine,viral dose, | en |
dc.relation.page | 72 | |
dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
dc.date.accepted | 2013-08-12 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 醫學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 微生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 微生物學科所 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-102-1.pdf | 2.43 MB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。