衛生所與公共圖書館合作提供健康促進服務之探討

Abstract

世界衛生組織力倡「健康促進」，希望運用正確的健康資訊及教育，改變民眾的健康觀念及行為，並結合跨部門之力量共同推動，將健康權交由民眾自主掌控。衛生所是地方推動健康促進服務的核心單位，公共圖書館則肩負提昇民眾健康資訊素養之責，雙方在健康促進領域中，皆有提供健康資訊之功能，故未來合作之可行性值得探討。本研究以深度訪談法訪談十一位實務界的專業人員，包含五位衛生所護理師及六位圖書館館員，以了解衛生所與公共圖書館推行健康促進服務的發展現況，以及雙方對於未來合作之看法。 研究結果顯示：（1）衛生所依各年齡層好發的健康問題規劃服務，並以疾病預防為導向；公共圖書館尚未明確規劃健康資訊服務，但從參考諮詢及推廣活動中可發現相關服務多集中於樂齡中心，對象受限於長者，少有對其他年齡層群體提供服務。（2）衛生所受政策及人力限制，接觸的服務群體多為慢性病患，且民眾對衛生所仍存有醫療的負面印象，少主動利用；公共圖書館缺乏專業人力及經費、館員不了解健康資訊服務內涵，難以長期提供完整服務。（3）衛生所積極與同質及異質相關單位合作，公共圖書館甚少與相關單位合作，服務多為自行發想設計。（4）雙方對未來合作皆有意願，尤其是保健主題的分館被雙方認為是發展城市健康資訊服務中心的起點。（5）在合作利基上，衛生所具有地緣關係、專業人力、衛教資訊之優勢；公共圖書館則具正向場域氛圍、民眾的健康資訊需求與積極度高、豐富的保健養生圖書之優勢。 基於健康素養為目前雙方服務之缺口，最後依訪談內容提出不同階段之合作建議。首先圖書館應盤點相關資源，深化健康資訊服務；其次以保健分館為主軸，營造城市健康資訊中心；最後將圖書館納入健康政策中，結合相關單位共建雲端健康資訊系統及健康教育資訊網站、進行健康素養研究及推動健康素養服務。

The World Health Organization advocates the concept of health promotion, emphasizing that people increase their control over and improve their health. The goal of health promotion, people hold the right to health, can be achieved via use of correct health information and educational activities. Public health centers are responsible for providing local health promotion services, while public libraries are responsible for improving public health information literacy. The similar function of providing health information with people exists between public health centers and public libraries. Therefore, this study explored the feasibility of future cooperation between public health centers and public libraries. Eleven practitioners were interviewed including five nurses and six librarians. The results of the research showed that public health centers provided different health services with people by age group and focused on disease prevention. Public libraries did not provide apparent health information services. Few related health information services were included in reference services and extension activities and concentrated on the senior citizens learning centers servicing the elderly. The services provided by public health centers were affected by the government policy and the lack of manpower. This led to the fact that public health centers were frequently concerned people having chronic diseases. Furthermore, public health centers made a negative impression on most people, resulting in the low number of visits. Regarding the disadvantages of public libraries were the lack of professional manpower and funding. Librarians cannot plan the in-depth, long-term and full services because they did not understand the health information services. To obtain assistance from external resources, public health centers actively cooperated with homogeneous and heterogeneity organizations. However, the public libraries rarely cooperated with relevant units and often planned services by themselves. The advantages owned by public health centers and public libraries revealed the high possibilities of cooperation between them. Public health center’ has geographical relations with public libraries, professional health staff and are familiar with health information. Public libraries are places with positive atmosphere and numerous health regimen books. In addition, people have positive attitudes and needs toward health information. This study confirmed that public health centers and public libraries were willing to cooperate in the future. The branches with health collections were regarded as the most suitable branch of public libraries to become the urban health information service center. Three major suggestions were made to facilitate the execution of health promotion. First, libraries should ensure related resources and develop the in-depth health information services. Secondly, transiting the branches of health into city health information centers by strengthening information contents. Finally, to carry on health literacy research and promote health literacy services, the functions of libraries should be considered into the health policies. This can help related organizations including public health centers and public libraries collaborate to establish the cloud health information system and health education information websites.