請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/59129
標題: | 操作壓力對農用噴嘴之流量及霧粒粒徑實測與飄散距離之模擬分析 Analysis of Working Pressure Effect on the Flow Rate and Droplet Size of Spraying Nozzles and the Simulation of Drift Distances |
作者: | Renardi 楊昌翰 |
指導教授: | 葉仲基(Chung-Kee Yeh) |
關鍵字: | 國內噴嘴,流量,體積中量值,農藥飄散, Domestic nozzles,flow rate,volume mean diameter,drift distance, |
出版年 : | 2017 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 植物在其生長過程中非常容易受到病蟲害的干擾,使該植物的品質下降甚至死亡,根據世界衛生組織的估計,世界上的農田若沒有使用農藥,農作物的產量將損失40~50%,故為了達到保護植物健康的目標,必須以藥物提供保護,使其可以順利成長並保持良好的品質,才有辦法使世界上的蔬果量足以供應全球日益增加的人口數。
噴嘴的選用及其使用方式為影響防治病蟲害效果及農藥飄散的重要因素。當使用的噴嘴具有過大的流量或是太小的霧滴粒徑(DV50),雖然可以達到很好的防治效果,不過所造成的農藥殘留和農藥飄散會比較嚴重。嚴重的農藥飄散將有可能危害施噴人員的健康,也有可能使該農藥飄散至附近的林田或河流,導致附近林田所種植的植物殘留一些不應該有的農藥成分,或是污染該地區的空氣及河流。而本研究目的是為了了解國內常用噴嘴的重要參數,包含流量、霧滴粒徑(DV50)與飄散距離,更進一步找出應該如何分類這些噴嘴。 本研究針對所選用的噴嘴,在操作壓力為5、10、15和20 kgf/cm2進行流量和霧滴粒徑(DV50)的實際測試。流量的量測主要以讀取量筒上的刻度進行量測,而霧滴粒徑(DV50)是使用粒徑分析儀(the Spraytec Malvern 2000)進行量測。收集霧滴粒徑(DV50)大小及其分佈情形後,使用軟體(DRIFTSIM)進行飄散距離之模擬,藉由此飄散距離提供在不同地區農田間該有緩衝區大小的建議。 實驗結果顯示DV50的值介於53.19到103.47 µm之間。若使用美國農業生物工程學S572.1進行分類,所有噴嘴會落在極細(Extremely Fine)或非常細(Very Fine)的範圍。由於所有噴嘴的DV50相當接近,吾人認為將噴嘴按照此參數且僅分為兩類並不太妥當。分類的方式應該要參考其DV50<100之流量排序進行分類。 關鍵字: 國內噴嘴、流量、體積中量值、農藥飄散 Plant diseases and insect pests often adversely affect the growth of crops. When this occurs, the quality of crops will become worse or the crops will even die before being harvested. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is predicted that if there was no pesticide usage in this world, the amount of crop yields would drop by 40~50%. For this reason, farmers have to use pesticides in order to protect their crops and retain high quality. This method was used to ensure that the amount of crop yields can be sufficient for supplying the world population, which grows every year. Suitable nozzle use and appropriate operation are the key factors that considerably influence the effectiveness of pest control. If the nozzle produces too high of a flow rate or droplet size that is too small is chosen, although the characteristics enable the nozzle to have the desired pest control effect, these characteristics can also lead to higher amounts of pesticide residue and relatively far spray drift distance. The longer the spray drift distance is the higher the possibility that toxic chemicals will harm the users’ health and pollute the neighboring rivers and air. In addition, if the spray drifts towards other neighboring farmlands, the crops within these farmlands will have higher pesticide residues and contain additional chemical compositions that should not be there. The purpose of this study is to analyze the important parameters of domestic agricultural nozzles in Taiwan, including flow rate, particle diameter (DV50) and drift distance, and finally to identify an appropriate way to classify the nozzles. The research was conducted using four different working pressures (5, 10, 15, and 20 kgf/cm2) to measure the actual flow rate and particle diameter (DV50) of each nozzle. The data of the flow rate was obtained by reading the lines printed on the side of the graduated cylinder, and the measurement of the particle diameter (DV50) was carried out using the Spraytec Malvern 2000 Particle Analyzer. After collecting the data as well as the distribution of the particle diameter, a simulation using DRIFTSIM software was run to find out the drift distance of different nozzles, and this simulation was carried out according to the actual ambient conditions in different cities in Taiwan so that the size of the buffer zone needed in different areas can be identified. The results showed that the particle diameters (DV50) of the nozzles were between 53.19 µm and 103.47 µm. When the ASABE S572.1’s method was utilized to classify the nozzles, all of the nozzles belonged to the range of extremely fine or very fine droplets. Since all of the nozzles generate DV50 of similar sizes, classification of domestic agricultural nozzles using this method is entirely improper. As a viable alternative, nozzles can be sorted according to the magnitude of the flow rate that contains DV50 of less than 100 µm. Keywords: Domestic nozzles, flow rate, volume mean diameter, drift distance |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/59129 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201701535 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 生物機電工程學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-106-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 3.13 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。