電動機車輪胎滾動阻力之研究

Abstract

本研究利用有限元素輪胎模型，探討輪胎在不同行駛工況以及各種結構設計參數對滾動阻力的影響，使用分析結果設計一款低滾動阻力輪胎。本研究利用有限元素軟體Abaqus對規格3.50-10電動機車胎建立有限元素模型，在模型內加入黏彈性質，模擬穩態滾動同時考慮彈性與黏彈性，藉此計算滾動阻力，另外也使用傳統將橡膠的彈性與黏彈性分開計算滾動阻力的方法，並透過實驗驗證模型之準確性以及比較本研究與傳統方法在計算滾動阻力之優缺點，結果顯示本研究方法優於傳統方法。利用所建立的模型探討輪胎在不同行駛工況以及各種結構設計參數對於滾動阻力的影響，如負載、胎壓、行駛速度、外傾角、簾布層設計參數、胎紋類型等。最後藉由分析結果提出更改簾布層角度、胎面曲率以及加入帶束層等方法，設計一款低滾動阻力輪胎。

This study uses finite element tire model to explore the influence of driving conditions and structural design parameters on rolling resistance. Based on the results, low rolling resistance tire designs are proposed. This study creates finite element model for the 3.50-10 electric motorcycle tire with the finite element software Abaqus. Viscoelasticity is added to the finite element model. Elasticity and viscoelasticity are taken into account simultaneously during simulation of steady state rolling. Rolling resistance can be calculated directly from the analysis results. Besides, this study also calculates rolling resistance by the traditional method which separates the rubber elasticity and viscoelasticity. Experiments are used to verify the accuracy of the model and compare the above methods, which clearly show that the present method is superior to the traditional approach. Then the tire model is used to explore the influence of driving conditions and structural design parameters on rolling resistance, such as load, inflation pressure, driving velocity, camber angle, ply design parameters, tread pattern, etc. Finally, from analysis results, this study proposes new designs for a low rolling resistance tire by changing parameter, included ply angle, tread geometry and steel belts.