從《忠義堂帖》看顏真卿於南宋之形象

Abstract

現存浙江省博物館《忠義堂帖》收有顏真卿（709-785）書法共四十四帖：其中楷書十五件，行書二十九件。此部刻帖保存了相當大量珍貴的顏書作品，從書史的意義來看，南宋出現一部以唐人為主的個人專帖，是一件值得關注的事情；若從後見之明來看，《忠義堂帖》很大程度影響我們認識顏真卿的書法藝術。 本論文以顏真卿《忠義堂帖》出發，藉由考察刊刻者留元剛的生平及留氏家族於南宋理學社會的互動關係，進而檢視宋代顏真卿祠廟的建立的背景；並分析《忠義堂帖》的選件標準與內容安排，企圖瞭解顏真卿於南宋的形象與地位。 過往學界對顏真卿的相關研究已相當成熟且豐富，但有關《忠義堂帖》的研究並不多見。目前的研究成果主要在作品的真偽考證與年代斷定；然而對於刊刻者留元剛的身分、家族背景，乃至《忠義堂帖》出現在南宋的意義皆未多加著墨。本文希望藉由上述議題之討論，能增進對南宋顏真卿書法藝術影響之認識，以及評估《忠義堂帖》刊刻的價值與意義。

There are 44 pieces of Yen Zhenqing’s（709-785）rubbing works in Zhong Yi Tang Tie which is currently preserved in Zhejiang Provincial Museum. The works include 15 regular scripts and 29 semi-cursive scripts. Zhong Yi Tang Tie presents both aesthetic and academic value of Yen’s works. From the prospective of calligraphy development history, it is worth notice that Zhong Yi Tang Tie , a personal piece created in Tang dynasty, was discovered and collected at Southern Song dynasty. Since Sonthern Song, Zhong Yi Tang Tie has its unique position in the history of calligraphy, and it has been an important source for us to understand the style of Yen Zenqing. This study begins with the research of Zhong Yi Tang Tie of Yan Zhenqing. by examining the lifetime of Liu Yuangang（1179-?）and his family between the Neo-confucianist ethical spirit of Sonuthen Song dynasty and their social life. Then discuss the establishment of Yan Zhenqing’s temple, and the arrangment of Zhong Yi Tang Tie,in specific, in order to show the position and the image of Yen Zhejiang in Sonthern Song dynasty. There are numerous studies about Yan Zhenqing in the past, but the research of Zhong Yi Tang Tie are most focus on real/ fake issue. However, it is also important to understand the background of Zhong Yi Tang Tie‘s collector and the printer, Liu, as well as his family and the meaning of Zhong Yi Tang Tie in Sonuthen Song dynasty. The research dispute the influence of Yan Zhenqing’s calligraphy in Southern Song dynasty and evaluate the significance of Zhong Yi Tang Tie.