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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 陳正平(Jen-Ping Chen) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Tzu-Chin Tsai | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 蔡子衿 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-05-15T18:01:05Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2014-09-12 | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-05-15T18:01:05Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2014-09-12 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2014 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2014-09-09 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Avramov, A., and J. Y. Harrington, 2010: Influence of parameterized ice habit on simulated mixed phase Arctic clouds, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D03205.
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/5508 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 在雲模式中，冰晶複雜的形狀和其成長機制一直是冷雲參數法裡不易處理的物理過程。而本研究根據Chen and Lamb在1994年所提的冰晶成長理論參數法發展出一套冰晶形狀總體參數法，還建立一個具有六種雙矩量(質量和數量)水物且都是伽碼粒徑分佈的總體雲物理參數法。兩個新的參數法都已移植至WRF氣象模式，成為一個多矩量總體雲微物理參數法。在新的參數法中，更針對雲冰增加了冰晶形狀和體積兩個矩量來預報其成長習性和視密度，並提出一個使用第零、第二和第三矩量之矩量閉合方法。而冰晶形狀總體參數法的理論驗證是和細格(bin)方法作比較；氣塊(parcel)法零維計算的結果展示出粒徑譜形能彈性變化的重要性，以及冰晶形狀對其凝華成長的顯著影響，同時冰晶的成長習性能夠根據不同的環境條件及初始粒徑做出調整；總體三矩量方法和細格方法的結果較為一致。至於觀測驗證，分別選取C3VP和DIAMET兩個冬季觀測計畫之個案以WRF模式進行模擬，並分別假設球形和非球形的冰晶來評估其影響程度。C3VP個案模擬結果顯示出雲冰形狀在雲物理過程、地面降水和輻射通量的顯著影響及較為接近真實的冰晶成長習性演變。而DIAMET個案結果顯示，新的雲微物理參數法能準確地預報其鋒面狹長雨帶的降水結構和伴隨的天氣特徵，且模擬出柱狀和碟狀冰晶在不同溫度區間的垂直分布並記憶其形狀的演變，而和飛機雲物理觀測資料的比較亦顯示冰晶在其二次增殖生成的溫度區間，兩者在冰晶數量濃度、綜橫軸比例和其凝華加熱率具有高度的一致性。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | The wide variety of ice crystal shapes and growth habits makes it a complicated issue in cloud models. This study developed the bulk ice adaptive habit parameterization based on the theoretical approach of Chen and Lamb (1994) and introduced a 6-class hydrometeors double-moment (mass and number) bulk microphysics scheme with gamma-type size distribution function. Both the proposed schemes have been implemented into the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) model forming a new multi-moment bulk microphysics scheme. Two new moments of ice crystal shape and volume are included for tracking pristine ice’s adaptive habit and apparent density. A closure technique is developed to solve the time evolution of the bulk moments. For the verification of the bulk ice habit parameterization, some parcel-type (zero-dimension) calculations were conducted and compared with binned numerical calculations. The results showed that: a flexible size spectrum is important in numerical accuracy, the ice shape can significantly enhance the diffusional growth, and it is important to consider the memory of growth habit (adaptive growth) under varying environmental conditions. Also, the derived results with the 3-moment method were much closer to the binned calculations. Two field campaigns from the C3VP and DIAMET were selected to simulate in the WRF model for real-case studies. The simulations were performed with the traditional spherical ice and the new adaptive shape schemes to evaluate the effect of crystal habits. Realistic evolution of ice growth habits and great impacts on the ice-phase microphysical processes, surface precipitations, and radiation fluxes were found in the simulation results of C3VP case. For the DIAMET case, some main features of narrow rain band, as well as the embedded precipitation cells, in the cold front case were well captured by the model. The vertical variation of ice crystal shapes was nicely simulated. Furthermore, the simulations produced a good agreement in the microphysics against the aircraft observations in ice particle number concentration, ice crystal aspect ratio, and deposition heating rate especially within the temperature region of ice secondary multiplication production. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-15T18:01:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-103-D97229002-1.pdf: 12841174 bytes, checksum: e33ca2daa6a2e8dc2e331e5a41e8c825 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 摘要 I
ABSTRACT II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IV TABLE OF CONTENTS V LIST OF TABLES VII LIST OF FIGURES VIII 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Ice crystal habits 1 1.2 Bulk approaches 4 1.3 Microphysics schemes in WRF 6 1.4 Motivation 8 2. Methodology 10 2.1 An adaptive growth habit bulkwater parameterization 10 2.1.1 Bulk ice shape and volume moments 11 2.1.2 Deposition growth 14 2.1.3 Riming growth 19 2.1.4 Accretion rate by other particles 22 2.1.5 Aggregation among pristine ice 24 2.1.6 Mass-dimension and Area-dimension relationships 26 2.1.7 Terminal velocity-dimension relationships 29 2.1.8 Ventilation effect 32 2.1.9 3-moment closure technique 34 2.1.10 Orientation of crystal shape 36 2.1.11 Remarks 38 2.2 A new multi-moment microphysics scheme 38 2.2.1 Activation/deactivation 41 2.2.2 Nucleation/multiplication 43 2.2.3 Vapor diffusion/evaporation 47 2.2.4 Accretion/aggregation 48 2.2.5 Auto-conversion/ initiation of graupel/breakup 52 2.2.6 Hailstone growth/Shedding 54 2.2.7 Melting of frozen particles 57 2.2.8 Remarks 59 2.3 Summary 60 3. Zero-dimension calculations 62 3.1 The role of ice crystal shape and spectral index 63 3.2 Adaptive growth 67 3.3 Ice growth dependence on initial size 70 3.4 Ice growth with ventilation effect 72 3.5 Ice crystal shape effect on radiation flux 74 3.6 Summary 76 4. The WRF model simulation results 78 4.1 C3VP synoptic snowfall event 78 4.1.1 Model setup 80 4.1.2 Simulation results 82 4.1.3 Remarks 88 4.2 DIAMET cold-front event 89 4.2.1 Model setup 91 4.2.2 Simulation results 93 4.2.3 Remarks 106 4.3 Summary 107 5. Conclusions 109 5.1 Summary 109 5.2 Future perspective 110 References 112 Tables 119 Figures 124 Appendix A 162 Appendix B 165 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.title | 可預報冰晶成長習性和視密度之多矩量冷雲總體雲微物理參數法應用於WRF模式 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | A Multi-Moment Bulkwater Ice Microphysics Scheme with Consideration of the Adaptive Growth Habit and Apparent Density for Pristine Ice in the WRF Model | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 102-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 隋中興(Chung-Hsiung Sui),王寶貫(Pao-Kuan Wang),楊明仁(Ming-Jen Yang),陳淑華(Shu-Hua Chen),陳維婷(Wei-Ting Chen) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 冰晶形狀,冰晶習性,WRF,雲物理參數法,C3VP,DIAMET, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | crystal shape,ice habit,WRF,cloud scheme,C3VP,DIAMET, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 168 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2014-09-09 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 大氣科學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 大氣科學系 | |
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