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標題: | 無需依賴權威第三方之貨銀對付式資料交易協定 A Truly Trustless Delivery-versus-Payment Protocol for Peer-to-Peer Data Trading |
作者: | Zan-Jun Wang 王贊鈞 |
指導教授: | 廖世偉(Shih-wei Liao) |
關鍵字: | 區塊鏈,零知識證明,去中心化,資料交易,保密,資料隱私, Blockchain,zero knowledge,decentralization,data trading,confidentiality,data privacy, |
出版年 : | 2020 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 每天各式各樣的資料被大量產生,而且產生的資料量呈指數成長。許多人對於挖掘資料價值感到興趣,其中高價值的資料成為可被交易的商品。例如 2019 新型冠狀病毒的爆發,病患的個人健康紀錄、病歷及旅行歷程成為防疫上重要且具有價值的資料。另一方面,高價軟體如電子設計自動化工具的授權金鑰也具有價值,可被當作數位商品被交易。然而在資料交易過程中,提供者與消費者之間的信任是一大考驗。消費者在提供者給予資料前不願意付款;而提供者也不信任消費者會在收到資料後付款。在本論文中,我們提出了基於區塊鏈,具有零知識證明的資料交易協議。為了保護資料安全以及其本身的價值,提供者透過簡潔化非交互式零知識證明,在說服消費者資料的正確性與安全性的同時,也不會在收到付款前洩漏資料細節。雙方的協議會在事先定義好的智能合約上執行,當資料有效時,提供者可以收到付款,與此同時,消費者可以獲取購買的資料,否則,若提供者作弊,付款將立即退還給消費者。這個方法採用了實物交易中的貨銀對付制度,保障了提供者與消費者雙方的權益。整個過程是去中心化的,目的是在沒有任何可信第三方的情況下建立公平的資料交易,並確保系統可用性。 Various types of data are generated every day, and the amount of generated data is growing exponentially. People are interested in extracting the value of data. Some valuable data among them can be viewed as digital products to be traded. For example, with the outbreak of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019), patients’ personal health records, electronic medical records and travel history become important and valuable information for epidemic prevention. On the other hand, the license keys for high-priced software such as EDA (Electronic Design Automation) tools also have value and can be considered as tradable products. However, the trust between two parties in the trading process becomes an issue. Consumers do not pay until providers give the data while providers are not willing to do since they distrust that consumers will pay after receiving the data. In this thesis, we propose a Blockchain-based protocol for data trading with zero-knowledge proofs. To protect the data and maintain their value, Zero-knowledge succinct non-interactive argument of knowledge (zk-SNARK) is included that the provider can convince the consumer of the correctness and security of the data without revealing the details before receiving the payment. Predefined agreements between both parties in smart contracts are executed automatically. When the data is valid, the provider receives the payment, and in the meantime, the consumer has the ability to obtain the purchase data. Otherwise, the payment is refunded to the consumer immediately if the provider cheats. This approach employs the method of Delivery versus Payment (DvP) in physical commodity trading and ensures the rights and benefits for both parties. The whole process is decentralized for the purpose of constructing fair data trading without any trusted third party and ensuring system availability. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/54795 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202002213 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 資訊工程學系 |
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U0001-0208202012323800.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 9.91 MB | Adobe PDF |
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