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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 許大山(Da-shan Shiu) | |
dc.contributor.author | Chen-Yi Chang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 張正義 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-05-15T17:59:37Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2019-03-08 | |
dc.date.available | 2021-05-15T17:59:37Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2014-03-08 | |
dc.date.issued | 2014 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2014-02-07 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/5463 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 最小化耗能是綠色節能無線通訊的一個基本目標,其中最有效且最有潛力的方法之一是根據網路流量來適應性的開關無線電收發器,這樣的想法可以被廣泛的運用在各種無線通訊設備或是裝置上。在本論文中,我們將探討睡眠模式在無線網路中的運作。我們對於一個網路中的節點功能性是可以互相被取代而且願意一起合作來達成整體目標的不自私(altruistic)網路感興趣,為了綠化傳統無時無刻都是主動運作的網路,我們利用睡眠模式所帶來的額外自由度(degrees of freedom)來節省網路的能量,使其成為一個在必要時刻才主動運作的網路。
在行動網路中,根據網路中的流量來開關基地台是一個節省網路能量的有效方式,然而這樣的運作可能會產生網路覆蓋漏洞(coverage holes)。在這樣的問題中,我們嘗試在保持整體網路覆蓋率的情況下,藉由動態的開關基地台來最小化整體網路的耗能。我們推導出在最小化每單位覆蓋面積的耗能下,每個基地台的最佳的覆蓋細胞大小(cell size)。在滿足網路覆蓋率的前提下,我們提出一個多項式時間複雜度的流量察覺(load-aware)的基地台開啟演算法。除此之外,我們展示了為了增加網路中熱點吞吐量(throughput),藉由佈建的小細胞(small cell)達成的網路密致化(network densification)也可以在低流量的期間改善整體網路耗能。此外,我們探討異質網路(heterogeneous networks)下有可能的網路架構與多模(multi-mode)基地台運作方式並且建議非對稱的基地台與移動裝置的連線將有潛力在低流量時大幅降低網路耗能。 在無線多重跳躍中繼網路(wireless multi-hop relay network)中,睡眠排程是一 個有效的方法來降低網路耗能,但是通常會造成傳送訊息時的額外延遲。為了尋找在設計綠能多重跳躍中繼網路的洞見,我們建立了一個模型來分析和最佳化無線多重跳躍中繼網路在使用睡眠機制時,效能間的權衡(trade-offs)關係。進一步的說明,我們提出了一個隨機醒來的網路(random wakeup network)下使用投機式的路由(opportunistic routing)所建造的框架來分析。我們發現在最佳的參數設定 時,整個網路用來偵測訊息的能量消耗占整體網路的(α-1)/(α+2),其中α是路徑損耗指數(path loss exponent),在最佳的參數設定下,我們發現整個網路用來偵測訊息的 耗能應該要和整個網路用來做實際通訊的耗能是差不多的,並且我們發現整個網路在最佳參數設定下的最小耗能和傳送速度的(α-1)/(α+2)次方成正比。另一方面,我們研究在無線多重跳躍網路下訊息交換(information exchange)與訊息散播 (information dissemination)的耗能最小化。我們提出了一個隨機散播(random gossip)下週期性醒來的分析模型。我們發現在最佳的參數設定下,每個週期醒來 廣播的節點數量只和路徑損耗指數和網路維度有關,這說明了不論增加或減少網路的大小都不會影響整個網路的最佳參數設定,我們得到最佳的參數設定為擁有可拓展性(scalability)的性質。另外我們藉由模擬的方式展示我們提出的模型可以被很好的運用在效能的朔模(performance modeling)與最佳參數的預測。除了跨層最佳化之外,我們提出的模組可以在無線多重跳躍中繼網路下,藉由感知 (cognition)與最佳化來巧妙的調整軟體可重組化(software-configurable)的功能用 以達成整體網路的目標。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Energy consumption minimization is a fundamental goal for green wireless communications. One of the most effective and promising way to save energy is to power off radio transceivers adaptively according to network traffic conditions. This idea can be utilized in a wide spectrum of wireless communication devices and equipments. In this dissertation, we explore the “sleep mode” operations in wireless networks. We are interested in altruistic networks in which nodes are interchangeable in functionalities and are willing to cooperatively achieve network level goals.
To “greenize” traditional networks from always-on networks to necessary-on networks, we exploit the additional degrees of freedom by sleep mode operations for network energy conservation. In cellular networks, switching on/off base stations (BSs) according to network traffic profile is an effective way to conserve network energy. However, such operations may create coverage holes in the network. We attempt to minimize the total power consumption of the network by switching on and off BSs adaptively while maintaining the network coverage. We derive the optimal cell size for minimizing BS power consumption per unit coverage area and propose a polynomial-time load- aware algorithm for energy-efficient BS activation while avoiding creating coverage holes. Besides, we demonstrate that network densification with small cells for bursting throughput in hot spot areas can also improve network energy savings during the low traffic load period. Furthermore, we explore potential network structures with multi-mode BS operations in heterogeneous networks (HetNets) and suggest that asymmetric BS-MS (mobile stations) connections with uplink by small cells and downlink by macro cells will be energy-efficient during the low traffic load periods for green HetNets. For wireless multi-hop relay networks, while applying sleep-awake scheduling is an effective way to reduce network energy consumption, it usually comes at a price of additional delay for message delivery. To seek insights for the design of green wireless multi-hop relay networks, we develop a model for the analysis and optimization of performance trade-offs in wireless networks while sleep-awake mechanisms are applied. Specifically, we propose a random wakeup network with opportunistic relay as a framework for our analysis. Under optimal settings, we find that the proportion of power for message detection in the entire network is (α-1)/(α+2), where α is the path loss exponent; the energy consumed for message detection should be of the same order as that for actual communications. Moreover, we find that the minimal network power consumption under optimal operations grows at (α-1)/(α+2) -th order of the delivery speed, meaning that the investment of network power can efficiently reduce delivery delay. Besides, we investigate network energy minimization for information exchange and information dissemination in wireless multi-hop relay networks. We propose a random gossip network with periodic listening as a framework for our analysis. We find simple rules govern the optimal settings for network-wide information exchange in the random gossip network. One key relationship is that the optimal number of nodes broadcasting messages in a time epoch within the transmission range depends only on the path loss exponent and the network dimensionality. It is shown that neither increasing nor decreasing the physical network size will affect the optimal value of these design parameters. The optimal setting for information exchange is a scalable solution. We show through simulation results that our proposed frameworks are well applicable for performance modeling and parameter optimization in wireless multi-hop relay networks when sleep-awake operations are adopted. Beyond cross-layer optimizations, our proposed frameworks can facilitate the cognition and optimization for ingeniously adapting software-configurable functionalities to achieve network goals in wireless multi-hop relay networks. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-15T17:59:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-103-D95942022-1.pdf: 6536562 bytes, checksum: 743cafc3b3bd29b9df5c66a82ac3d89b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 1 Introduction 11
1.1 Motivation 13 1.2 Summary of Contributions 13 1.2.1 Sleep Mode Operations for Green Cellular Networks 14 1.2.2 Sleep Mode Operations for Green Wireless Multi-Hop Relay Networks 14 1.3 Outline 16 2 Sleep Mode Operations for Green Cellular Networks 17 2.1 System Model and Problem Description 21 2.1.1 BS Operation Model 21 2.1.2 BS Power Consumption Model 22 2.1.3 Channel Model 23 2.1.4 BS Signal Coverage Model 23 2.1.5 Green Network Coverage Problem 24 2.2 Minimum Power BS Activation Problem for Uplink Coverage-Limited Networks 27 2.2.1 Complexity Analysis of Minimum Power BS Activation Problem 29 2.2.2 Cell Activation Algorithm– Cell Overlap Minimization with Intersection Covered (COMIC) 33 2.2.3 Complexity analysis for COMIC 35 2.2.4 Performance Evaluation for Network Coverage Preservation 36 2.3 Green Network Coverage Problem for Downlink Coverage-Limited Networks 38 2.3.1 BS Operational Power Optimization Problem 40 2.3.2 Lower Bound on Network Power Consumption 43 2.3.3 Load-Aware COMIC 45 2.3.4 Performance Evaluation for Load-Aware COMIC 45 2.4 Joint Uplink and Downlink Green Network Coverage Problem 51 2.4.1 Lower Bounds of Network Power Consumption 53 2.4.2 COMIC for Joint Uplink and Downlink Coverage Preservation 55 2.4.3 Performance Evaluation for Various Network Structures 58 2.5 Summary 63 3 Sleep Mode Operations for Message Delivery in Green Wireless Multi-Hop Relay Networks 65 3.1 Random Wakeup Framework for Message Delivery 69 3.1.1 Random Sleep-Awake Schedule 70 3.1.2 Opportunistic Relay with Sleep-Awake Nodes 70 3.1.3 Role-Based Energy Consumption Model 72 3.2 Energy Consumption in RWNs 75 3.2.1 Expected AECOL for a Message 75 3.2.2 Sensor Field Approximation 78 3.2.3 Expected AECOL in a Closed Form 81 3.2.4 Power Consumption of the Network 84 3.3 Energy-Delay Trade-offs in RWNs 86 3.3.1 Jointly Solving for Design Parameters 86 3.3.2 Key Properties in Optimized RWNs 88 3.4 Generalizations and Extensions for n-Dimensional Networks 91 3.4.1 Optimize-able Parameters are p, D, and Td 95 3.4.2 Optimize-able Parameters are D and Td 99 3.4.3 Optimize-able Parameters are p and Td 100 3.4.4 Optimize-able Parameters are p and D 102 3.5 Case Studies 104 3.5.1 Geographical Routing with Sleep Mode Operation 104 3.5.2 A Cluster-Based Network with Sleep Mode Operation 110 3.6 Summary 112 4 Sleep Mode Operations for Information Exchange and Information Dissemination in Green Wireless Multi-Hop Relay Networks 115 4.1 Framework for Power Consumption Analysis 117 4.1.1 Random Gossip WRN 117 4.1.2 Parameter Notations in RGNs 118 4.2 Power Consumption Analysis in RGN 120 4.2.1 The Notion of Additional Energy Consumption over Listening 120 4.2.2 Mean ECL and AECOL for Network-Wide Broadcast in a Linear RGN 120 4.2.3 Sensor Field Approximation for the Linear RGN 121 4.2.4 Multi-Dimensional RGNs 123 4.3 Design Parameter Optimization 123 4.4 Case Studies 127 4.4.1 Information Dissemination in a Planar Network 129 4.4.2 Information Exchange with Data Fusion Techniques 130 4.5 Summary 131 5 Concluding Remarks 133 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 睡眠模式在綠能無線網路之建模、設計、與最佳化 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Modeling, Design, and Optimization for Green Wireless Networks with Sleep Mode Operations | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 102-1 | |
dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
dc.contributor.coadvisor | 廖婉君(Wanjiun Liao) | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 謝宏昀(Hung-Yun Hsieh),蘇炫榮(Hsuan-Jung Su),林永松(Yeong-Sung Lin),蔡育仁(Ywh-Ren Tsai),高榮鴻(Rung-Hung Gau) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 覆蓋漏洞(coverage holes),異質網路(heterogeneous networks),低流量(low traffic density),多重跳躍中繼(multi-hop relay),訊息偵測(message detection),投 機式路由(opportunistic routing),耗能與延遲的權衡(energy-delay trade-offs), | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | coverage holes,heterogeneous networks,low traffic density,multi-hop relay,message detection,opportunistic routing,energy-delay trade-offs, | en |
dc.relation.page | 144 | |
dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
dc.date.accepted | 2014-02-10 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 電機資訊學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 電信工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 電信工程學研究所 |
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