請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/53821
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 楊偉勛 | |
dc.contributor.author | Jiun-Lu Lin | en |
dc.contributor.author | 林君璐 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T02:30:33Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2016-12-31 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2015-09-25 | |
dc.date.issued | 2015 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2015-07-30 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Abe, T., Sakurai, T., Kurata, J., Kawakami, Y., & Fukunaga, T. (1996). Subcutaneous and visceral fat distribution and daily physical activity: comparison between young and middle aged women. Br J Sports Med, 30(4), 297-300.
Ahn, S. G., Lim, H. S., Joe, D. Y., Kang, S. J., Choi, B. J., Choi, S. Y., Yoon, M. H., Hwang, G. S., Tahk, S. J., & Shin, J. H. (2008). Relationship of epicardial adipose tissue by echocardiography to coronary artery disease. Heart, 94(3), e7. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2007.118471 Alberti, K. G., Eckel, R. H., Grundy, S. M., Zimmet, P. Z., Cleeman, J. I., Donato, K. A., Fruchart, J. C., James, W. P., Loria, C. M., Smith, S. C., Jr., International Diabetes Federation Task Force on, E., Prevention, Hational Heart, L., Blood, I., American Heart, A., World Heart, F., International Atherosclerosis, S., & International Association for the Study of, O. (2009). Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation, 120(16), 1640-1645. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644 Alexander, J. K. (1985). The cardiomyopathy of obesity. Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 27(5), 325-334. Avelar, E., Cloward, T. V., Walker, J. M., Farney, R. J., Strong, M., Pendleton, R. C., Segerson, N., Adams, T. D., Gress, R. E., Hunt, S. C., & Litwin, S. E. (2007). Left ventricular hypertrophy in severe obesity: interactions among blood pressure, nocturnal hypoxemia, and body mass. Hypertension, 49(1), 34-39. doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000251711.92482.14 Bergman, R. N., Kim, S. P., Catalano, K. J., Hsu, I. R., Chiu, J. D., Kabir, M., Hucking, K., & Ader, M. (2006). Why visceral fat is bad: mechanisms of the metabolic syndrome. Obesity (Silver Spring), 14 Suppl 1, 16S-19S. doi: 10.1038/oby.2006.277 Bhatia, R. S., Tu, J. V., Lee, D. S., Austin, P. C., Fang, J., Haouzi, A., Gong, Y., & Liu, P. P. (2006). Outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in a population-based study. N Engl J Med, 355(3), 260-269. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa051530 Bjorntorp, P. (1990). 'Portal' adipose tissue as a generator of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Arteriosclerosis, 10(4), 493-496. Borkan, G. A., Hults, D. E., Gerzof, S. G., Robbins, A. H., & Silbert, C. K. (1983). Age changes in body composition revealed by computed tomography. J Gerontol, 38(6), 673-677. Cameron, A. J., Shaw, J. E., & Zimmet, P. Z. (2004). The metabolic syndrome: prevalence in worldwide populations. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 33(2), 351-375, table of contents. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2004.03.005 Carrasco-Sanchez, F. J., Aramburu-Bodas, O., Salamanca-Bautista, P., Morales-Rull, J. L., Galisteo-Almeda, L., Paez-Rubio, M. I., Arias-Jimenez, J. L., Aguayo-Canela, M., & Perez-Calvo, J. I. (2013). Predictive value of serum galectin-3 levels in patients with acute heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Int J Cardiol, 169(3), 177-182. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.081 Cavalcante, J. L., Tamarappoo, B. K., Hachamovitch, R., Kwon, D. H., Alraies, M. C., Halliburton, S., Schoenhagen, P., Dey, D., Berman, D. S., & Marwick, T. H. (2012). Association of epicardial fat, hypertension, subclinical coronary artery disease, and metabolic syndrome with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Am J Cardiol, 110(12), 1793-1798. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.07.045 Cavallari, L. H., Groo, V. L., Momary, K. M., Stamos, T. D., & Vaitkus, P. T. (2007). Markers of cardiac collagen turnover are similar in patients with mild and more severe symptoms of heart failure. Congest Heart Fail, 13(5), 275-279. Ceia, F., Fonseca, C., Mota, T., Morais, H., Matias, F., de Sousa, A., Oliveira, A., & Investigators, E. (2002). Prevalence of chronic heart failure in Southwestern Europe: the EPICA study. Eur J Heart Fail, 4(4), 531-539. Chu, N. F. (2005). Prevalence of obesity in Taiwan. Obes Rev, 6(4), 271-274. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2005.00175.x Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults--The Evidence Report. National Institutes of Health. (1998). Obes Res, 6 Suppl 2, 51S-209S. Corradi, D., Maestri, R., Callegari, S., Pastori, P., Goldoni, M., Luong, T. V., & Bordi, C. (2004). The ventricular epicardial fat is related to the myocardial mass in normal, ischemic and hypertrophic hearts. Cardiovasc Pathol, 13(6), 313-316. doi: 10.1016/j.carpath.2004.08.005 de Boer, R. A., Lok, D. J., Jaarsma, T., van der Meer, P., Voors, A. A., Hillege, H. L., & van Veldhuisen, D. J. (2011). Predictive value of plasma galectin-3 levels in heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Ann Med, 43(1), 60-68. doi: 10.3109/07853890.2010.538080 de Boer, R. A., Voors, A. A., Muntendam, P., van Gilst, W. H., & van Veldhuisen, D. J. (2009). Galectin-3: a novel mediator of heart failure development and progression. Eur J Heart Fail, 11(9), 811-817. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfp097 Despres, J. P. (2012). Body fat distribution and risk of cardiovascular disease: an update. Circulation, 126(10), 1301-1313. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.067264 Despres, J. P., & Lemieux, I. (2006). Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome. Nature, 444(7121), 881-887. doi: 10.1038/nature05488 Despres, J. P., Moorjani, S., Lupien, P. J., Tremblay, A., Nadeau, A., & Bouchard, C. (1990). Regional distribution of body fat, plasma lipoproteins, and cardiovascular disease. Arteriosclerosis, 10(4), 497-511. Diez, J., Laviades, C., Mayor, G., Gil, M. J., & Monreal, I. (1995). Increased serum concentrations of procollagen peptides in essential hypertension. Relation to cardiac alterations. Circulation, 91(5), 1450-1456. Dusserre, E., Moulin, P., & Vidal, H. (2000). Differences in mRNA expression of the proteins secreted by the adipocytes in human subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1500(1), 88-96. Eiras, S., Teijeira-Fernandez, E., Salgado-Somoza, A., Couso, E., Garcia-Caballero, T., Sierra, J., & Juanatey, J. R. (2010). Relationship between epicardial adipose tissue adipocyte size and MCP-1 expression. Cytokine, 51(2), 207-212. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2010.05.009 Expert Panel on Detection, E., & Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in, A. (2001). Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol In Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA, 285(19), 2486-2497. Fang, Z. Y., Prins, J. B., & Marwick, T. H. (2004). Diabetic cardiomyopathy: evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Endocr Rev, 25(4), 543-567. doi: 10.1210/er.2003-0012 Fontana, L., Eagon, J. C., Trujillo, M. E., Scherer, P. E., & Klein, S. (2007). Visceral fat adipokine secretion is associated with systemic inflammation in obese humans. Diabetes, 56(4), 1010-1013. doi: 10.2337/db06-1656 Forbes, G. B., & Reina, J. C. (1970). Adult lean body mass declines with age: some longitudinal observations. Metabolism, 19(9), 653-663. Ford, E. S., Giles, W. H., & Dietz, W. H. (2002). Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA, 287(3), 356-359. Fukuhara, A., Matsuda, M., Nishizawa, M., Segawa, K., Tanaka, M., Kishimoto, K., Matsuki, Y., Murakami, M., Ichisaka, T., Murakami, H., Watanabe, E., Takagi, T., Akiyoshi, M., Ohtsubo, T., Kihara, S., Yamashita, S., Makishima, M., Funahashi, T., Yamanaka, S., Hiramatsu, R., Matsuzawa, Y., & Shimomura, I. (2005). Visfatin: a protein secreted by visceral fat that mimics the effects of insulin. Science, 307(5708), 426-430. doi: 10.1126/science.1097243 Furukawa, S., Fujita, T., Shimabukuro, M., Iwaki, M., Yamada, Y., Nakajima, Y., Nakayama, O., Makishima, M., Matsuda, M., & Shimomura, I. (2004). Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest, 114(12), 1752-1761. doi: 10.1172/JCI21625 Galassi, A., Reynolds, K., & He, J. (2006). Metabolic syndrome and risk of cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. Am J Med, 119(10), 812-819. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.02.031 Gorter, P. M., van Lindert, A. S., de Vos, A. M., Meijs, M. F., van der Graaf, Y., Doevendans, P. A., Prokop, M., & Visseren, F. L. (2008). Quantification of epicardial and peri-coronary fat using cardiac computed tomography; reproducibility and relation with obesity and metabolic syndrome in patients suspected of coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis, 197(2), 896-903. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.08.016 Gregor, M. F., & Hotamisligil, G. S. (2007). Thematic review series: Adipocyte Biology. Adipocyte stress: the endoplasmic reticulum and metabolic disease. J Lipid Res, 48(9), 1905-1914. doi: 10.1194/jlr.R700007-JLR200 Ho, J. E., Liu, C., Lyass, A., Courchesne, P., Pencina, M. J., Vasan, R. S., Larson, M. G., & Levy, D. (2012). Galectin-3, a marker of cardiac fibrosis, predicts incident heart failure in the community. J Am Coll Cardiol, 60(14), 1249-1256. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.04.053 Horslev-Petersen, K., Kim, K. Y., Pedersen, L. R., Bentsen, K. D., Uldbjerg, N., Oxlund, H., Garbarsch, C., Hahn, E. G., Schuppan, D., & Lorenzen, I. (1988). Serum aminoterminal type III procollagen peptide. Relation to biosynthesis of collagen type III in experimentally induced granulation tissue in rats. APMIS, 96(9), 793-804. Hotamisligil, G. S., Shargill, N. S., & Spiegelman, B. M. (1993). Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance. Science, 259(5091), 87-91. Hummasti, S., & Hotamisligil, G. S. (2010). Endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation in obesity and diabetes. Circ Res, 107(5), 579-591. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.225698 Iacobellis, G. (2009). Epicardial and pericardial fat: close, but very different. Obesity (Silver Spring), 17(4), 625; author reply 626-627. doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.575 Iacobellis, G., Corradi, D., & Sharma, A. M. (2005). Epicardial adipose tissue: anatomic, biomolecular and clinical relationships with the heart. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med, 2(10), 536-543. doi: 10.1038/ncpcardio0319 Iacobellis, G., Gao, Y. J., & Sharma, A. M. (2008). Do cardiac and perivascular adipose tissue play a role in atherosclerosis? Curr Diab Rep, 8(1), 20-24. Iacobellis, G., Leonetti, F., Singh, N., & A, M. S. (2007). Relationship of epicardial adipose tissue with atrial dimensions and diastolic function in morbidly obese subjects. Int J Cardiol, 115(2), 272-273. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2006.04.016 Iacobellis, G., Ribaudo, M. C., Assael, F., Vecci, E., Tiberti, C., Zappaterreno, A., Di Mario, U., & Leonetti, F. (2003). Echocardiographic epicardial adipose tissue is related to anthropometric and clinical parameters of metabolic syndrome: a new indicator of cardiovascular risk. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 88(11), 5163-5168. doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-030698 Iacobellis, G., Willens, H. J., Barbaro, G., & Sharma, A. M. (2008). Threshold values of high-risk echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness. Obesity (Silver Spring), 16(4), 887-892. doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.6 Iozzo, P. (2011). Myocardial, perivascular, and epicardial fat. Diabetes Care, 34 Suppl 2, S371-379. doi: 10.2337/dc11-s250 Jensen, M. D., Ryan, D. H., Apovian, C. M., Ard, J. D., Comuzzie, A. G., Donato, K. A., Hu, F. B., Hubbard, V. S., Jakicic, J. M., Kushner, R. F., Loria, C. M., Millen, B. E., Nonas, C. A., Pi-Sunyer, F. X., Stevens, J., Stevens, V. J., Wadden, T. A., Wolfe, B. M., Yanovski, S. Z., American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice, G., & Obesity, S. (2014). 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. J Am Coll Cardiol, 63(25 Pt B), 2985-3023. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.004 Jessup, M., & Brozena, S. (2003). Heart failure. N Engl J Med, 348(20), 2007-2018. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra021498 Kang, K., Reilly, S. M., Karabacak, V., Gangl, M. R., Fitzgerald, K., Hatano, B., & Lee, C. H. (2008). Adipocyte-derived Th2 cytokines and myeloid PPARdelta regulate macrophage polarization and insulin sensitivity. Cell Metab, 7(6), 485-495. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2008.04.002 Kitzman, D. W., Little, W. C., Brubaker, P. H., Anderson, R. T., Hundley, W. G., Marburger, C. T., Brosnihan, B., Morgan, T. M., & Stewart, K. P. (2002). Pathophysiological characterization of isolated diastolic heart failure in comparison to systolic heart failure. JAMA, 288(17), 2144-2150. Klapholz, M., Maurer, M., Lowe, A. M., Messineo, F., Meisner, J. S., Mitchell, J., Kalman, J., Phillips, R. A., Steingart, R., Brown, E. J., Jr., Berkowitz, R., Moskowitz, R., Soni, A., Mancini, D., Bijou, R., Sehhat, K., Varshneya, N., Kukin, M., Katz, S. D., Sleeper, L. A., Le Jemtel, T. H., & New York Heart Failure, C. (2004). Hospitalization for heart failure in the presence of a normal left ventricular ejection fraction: results of the New York Heart Failure Registry. J Am Coll Cardiol, 43(8), 1432-1438. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.11.040 Laaksonen, D. E., Lakka, H. M., Niskanen, L. K., Kaplan, G. A., Salonen, J. T., & Lakka, T. A. (2002). Metabolic syndrome and development of diabetes mellitus: application and validation of recently suggested definitions of the metabolic syndrome in a prospective cohort study. Am J Epidemiol, 156(11), 1070-1077. Lai, Y. H., Yun, C. H., Yang, F. S., Liu, C. C., Wu, Y. J., Kuo, J. Y., Yeh, H. I., Lin, T. Y., Bezerra, H. G., Shih, S. C., Tsai, C. H., & Hung, C. L. (2012). Epicardial adipose tissue relating to anthropometrics, metabolic derangements and fatty liver disease independently contributes to serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein beyond body fat composition: a study validated with computed tomography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 25(2), 234-241. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2011.09.018 Lam, C. S., Donal, E., Kraigher-Krainer, E., & Vasan, R. S. (2011). Epidemiology and clinical course of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail, 13(1), 18-28. doi: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfq121 Larsson, B., Svardsudd, K., Welin, L., Wilhelmsen, L., Bjorntorp, P., & Tibblin, G. (1984). Abdominal adipose tissue distribution, obesity, and risk of cardiovascular disease and death: 13 year follow up of participants in the study of men born in 1913. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed), 288(6428), 1401-1404. Lin, W. Y., Lee, L. T., Chen, C. Y., Lo, H., Hsia, H. H., Liu, I. L., Lin, R. S., Shau, W. Y., & Huang, K. C. (2002). Optimal cut-off values for obesity: using simple anthropometric indices to predict cardiovascular risk factors in Taiwan. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 26(9), 1232-1238. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802040 Liu, J., Fox, C. S., Hickson, D., Bidulescu, A., Carr, J. J., & Taylor, H. A. (2011). Fatty liver, abdominal visceral fat, and cardiometabolic risk factors: the Jackson Heart Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 31(11), 2715-2722. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.234062 Liu, J., Fox, C. S., Hickson, D. A., May, W. D., Hairston, K. G., Carr, J. J., & Taylor, H. A. (2010). Impact of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue on cardiometabolic risk factors: the Jackson Heart Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 95(12), 5419-5426. doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-1378 Lombardi, R., Betocchi, S., Losi, M. A., Tocchetti, C. G., Aversa, M., Miranda, M., D'Alessandro, G., Cacace, A., Ciampi, Q., & Chiariello, M. (2003). Myocardial collagen turnover in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation, 108(12), 1455-1460. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000090687.97972.10 Lu, J. Y., Huang, K. C., Chang, L. C., Huang, Y. S., Chi, Y. C., Su, T. C., Chen, C. L., & Yang, W. S. (2008). Adiponectin: a biomarker of obesity-induced insulin resistance in adipose tissue and beyond. J Biomed Sci, 15(5), 565-576. doi: 10.1007/s11373-008-9261-z Maisel, A. S., Krishnaswamy, P., Nowak, R. M., McCord, J., Hollander, J. E., Duc, P., Omland, T., Storrow, A. B., Abraham, W. T., Wu, A. H., Clopton, P., Steg, P. G., Westheim, A., Knudsen, C. W., Perez, A., Kazanegra, R., Herrmann, H. C., McCullough, P. A., & Breathing Not Properly Multinational Study, I. (2002). Rapid measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency diagnosis of heart failure. N Engl J Med, 347(3), 161-167. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa020233 Marchington, J. M., Mattacks, C. A., & Pond, C. M. (1989). Adipose tissue in the mammalian heart and pericardium: structure, foetal development and biochemical properties. Comp Biochem Physiol B, 94(2), 225-232. Mayo-Smith, W., Hayes, C. W., Biller, B. M., Klibanski, A., Rosenthal, H., & Rosenthal, D. I. (1989). Body fat distribution measured with CT: correlations in healthy subjects, patients with anorexia nervosa, and patients with Cushing syndrome. Radiology, 170(2), 515-518. doi: 10.1148/radiology.170.2.2911678 Mazurek, T., Zhang, L., Zalewski, A., Mannion, J. D., Diehl, J. T., Arafat, H., Sarov-Blat, L., O'Brien, S., Keiper, E. A., Johnson, A. G., Martin, J., Goldstein, B. J., & Shi, Y. (2003). Human epicardial adipose tissue is a source of inflammatory mediators. Circulation, 108(20), 2460-2466. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000099542.57313.C5 Mosterd, A., Hoes, A. W., de Bruyne, M. C., Deckers, J. W., Linker, D. T., Hofman, A., & Grobbee, D. E. (1999). Prevalence of heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction in the general population; The Rotterdam Study. Eur Heart J, 20(6), 447-455. Ng, M., Fleming, T., Robinson, M., Thomson, B., Graetz, N., Margono, C., Mullany, E. C., Biryukov, S., Abbafati, C., Abera, S. F., Abraham, J. P., Abu-Rmeileh, N. M., Achoki, T., AlBuhairan, F. S., Alemu, Z. A., Alfonso, R., Ali, M. K., Ali, R., Guzman, N. A., Ammar, W., Anwari, P., Banerjee, A., Barquera, S., Basu, S., Bennett, D. A., Bhutta, Z., Blore, J., Cabral, N., Nonato, I. C., Chang, J. C., Chowdhury, R., Courville, K. J., Criqui, M. H., Cundiff, D. K., Dabhadkar, K. C., Dandona, L., Davis, A., Dayama, A., Dharmaratne, S. D., Ding, E. L., Durrani, A. M., Esteghamati, A., Farzadfar, F., Fay, D. F., Feigin, V. L., Flaxman, A., Forouzanfar, M. H., Goto, A., Green, M. A., Gupta, R., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Hankey, G. J., Harewood, H. C., Havmoeller, R., Hay, S., Hernandez, L., Husseini, A., Idrisov, B. T., Ikeda, N., Islami, F., Jahangir, E., Jassal, S. K., Jee, S. H., Jeffreys, M., Jonas, J. B., Kabagambe, E. K., Khalifa, S. E., Kengne, A. P., Khader, Y. S., Khang, Y. H., Kim, D., Kimokoti, R. W., Kinge, J. M., Kokubo, Y., Kosen, S., Kwan, G., Lai, T., Leinsalu, M., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liu, S., Logroscino, G., Lotufo, P. A., Lu, Y., Ma, J., Mainoo, N. K., Mensah, G. A., Merriman, T. R., Mokdad, A. H., Moschandreas, J., Naghavi, M., Naheed, A., Nand, D., Narayan, K. M., Nelson, E. L., Neuhouser, M. L., Nisar, M. I., Ohkubo, T., Oti, S. O., Pedroza, A., Prabhakaran, D., Roy, N., Sampson, U., Seo, H., Sepanlou, S. G., Shibuya, K., Shiri, R., Shiue, I., Singh, G. M., Singh, J. A., Skirbekk, V., Stapelberg, N. J., Sturua, L., Sykes, B. L., Tobias, M., Tran, B. X., Trasande, L., Toyoshima, H., van de Vijver, S., Vasankari, T. J., Veerman, J. L., Velasquez-Melendez, G., Vlassov, V. V., Vollset, S. E., Vos, T., Wang, C., Wang, X., Weiderpass, E., Werdecker, A., Wright, J. L., Yang, Y. C., Yatsuya, H., Yoon, J., Yoon, S. J., Zhao, Y., Zhou, M., Zhu, S., Lopez, A. D., Murray, C. J., & Gakidou, E. (2014). Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet, 384(9945), 766-781. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8 Ninomiya, J. K., L'Italien, G., Criqui, M. H., Whyte, J. L., Gamst, A., & Chen, R. S. (2004). Association of the metabolic syndrome with history of myocardial infarction and stroke in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Circulation, 109(1), 42-46. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000108926.04022.0C Ohlson, L. O., Larsson, B., Svardsudd, K., Welin, L., Eriksson, H., Wilhelmsen, L., Bjorntorp, P., & Tibblin, G. (1985). The influence of body fat distribution on the incidence of diabetes mellitus. 13.5 years of follow-up of the participants in the study of men born in 1913. Diabetes, 34(10), 1055-1058. Okamoto, Y., Kihara, S., Ouchi, N., Nishida, M., Arita, Y., Kumada, M., Ohashi, K., Sakai, N., Shimomura, I., Kobayashi, H., Terasaka, N., Inaba, T., Funahashi, T., & Matsuzawa, Y. (2002). Adiponectin reduces atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Circulation, 106(22), 2767-2770. Olefsky, J. M., & Glass, C. K. (2010). Macrophages, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Annu Rev Physiol, 72, 219-246. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021909-135846 Opie, L. H., & Walfish, P. G. (1963). Plasma free fatty acid concentrations in obesity. N Engl J Med, 268, 757-760. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196304042681404 Owan, T. E., Hodge, D. O., Herges, R. M., Jacobsen, S. J., Roger, V. L., & Redfield, M. M. (2006). Trends in prevalence and outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med, 355(3), 251-259. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa052256 Paulus, W. J., Tschope, C., Sanderson, J. E., Rusconi, C., Flachskampf, F. A., Rademakers, F. E., Marino, P., Smiseth, O. A., De Keulenaer, G., Leite-Moreira, A. F., Borbely, A., Edes, I., Handoko, M. L., Heymans, S., Pezzali, N., Pieske, B., Dickstein, K., Fraser, A. G., & Brutsaert, D. L. (2007). How to diagnose diastolic heart failure: a consensus statement on the diagnosis of heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction by the Heart Failure and Echocardiography Associations of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J, 28(20), 2539-2550. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehm037 Poulsen, S. H., Host, N. B., Jensen, S. E., & Egstrup, K. (2000). Relationship between serum amino-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen and changes of left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction. Circulation, 101(13), 1527-1532. Preis, S. R., Massaro, J. M., Robins, S. J., Hoffmann, U., Vasan, R. S., Irlbeck, T., Meigs, J. B., Sutherland, P., D'Agostino, R. B., Sr., O'Donnell, C. J., & Fox, C. S. (2010). Abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue and insulin resistance in the Framingham heart study. Obesity (Silver Spring), 18(11), 2191-2198. doi: 10.1038/oby.2010.59 Pugliese, G., Iacobini, C., Pesce, C. M., & Menini, S. (2015). Galectin-3: an emerging all-out player in metabolic disorders and their complications. Glycobiology, 25(2), 136-150. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwu111 Reaven, G. M. (1988). Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes, 37(12), 1595-1607. Rider, O. J., Francis, J. M., Ali, M. K., Petersen, S. E., Robinson, M., Robson, M. D., Byrne, J. P., Clarke, K., & Neubauer, S. (2009). Beneficial cardiovascular effects of bariatric surgical and dietary weight loss in obesity. J Am Coll Cardiol, 54(8), 718-726. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.02.086 Rosito, G. A., Massaro, J. M., Hoffmann, U., Ruberg, F. L., Mahabadi, A. A., Vasan, R. S., O'Donnell, C. J., & Fox, C. S. (2008). Pericardial fat, visceral abdominal fat, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and vascular calcification in a community-based sample: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation, 117(5), 605-613. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.743062 Sacks, H. S., & Fain, J. N. (2007). Human epicardial adipose tissue: a review. Am Heart J, 153(6), 907-917. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2007.03.019 Sanderson, J. E. (2007). Heart failure with a normal ejection fraction. Heart, 93(2), 155-158. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2005.074187 Schejbal, V. (1989). [Epicardial fatty tissue of the right ventricle--morphology, morphometry and functional significance]. Pneumologie, 43(9), 490-499. Senni, M., Tribouilloy, C. M., Rodeheffer, R. J., Jacobsen, S. J., Evans, J. M., Bailey, K. R., & Redfield, M. M. (1998). Congestive heart failure in the community: a study of all incident cases in Olmsted County, Minnesota, in 1991. Circulation, 98(21), 2282-2289. Shimomura, I., Funahashi, T., Takahashi, M., Maeda, K., Kotani, K., Nakamura, T., Yamashita, S., Miura, M., Fukuda, Y., Takemura, K., Tokunaga, K., & Matsuzawa, Y. (1996). Enhanced expression of PAI-1 in visceral fat: possible contributor to vascular disease in obesity. Nat Med, 2(7), 800-803. Teijeira-Fernandez, E., Eiras, S., Grigorian-Shamagian, L., Fernandez, A., Adrio, B., & Gonzalez-Juanatey, J. R. (2008). Epicardial adipose tissue expression of adiponectin is lower in patients with hypertension. J Hum Hypertens, 22(12), 856-863. doi: 10.1038/jhh.2008.75 Thomas, E. L., Saeed, N., Hajnal, J. V., Brynes, A., Goldstone, A. P., Frost, G., & Bell, J. D. (1998). Magnetic resonance imaging of total body fat. J Appl Physiol (1985), 85(5), 1778-1785. Turak, O., Ozcan, F., Canpolat, U., Isleyen, A., Cebeci, M., Oksuz, F., Mendi, M. A., Cagli, K., Golbasi, Z., & Aydogdu, S. (2013). Increased echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness and high-sensitivity CRP level indicate diastolic dysfunction in patients with newly diagnosed essential hypertension. Blood Press Monit, 18(5), 259-264. doi: 10.1097/MBP.0b013e3283651d19 Uysal, K. T., Wiesbrock, S. M., Marino, M. W., & Hotamisligil, G. S. (1997). Protection from obesity-induced insulin resistance in mice lacking TNF-alpha function. Nature, 389(6651), 610-614. doi: 10.1038/39335 Vasan, R. S., Benjamin, E. J., & Levy, D. (1995). Prevalence, clinical features and prognosis of diastolic heart failure: an epidemiologic perspective. J Am Coll Cardiol, 26(7), 1565-1574. doi: 10.1016/0735-1097(95)00381-9 Vasan, R. S., Larson, M. G., Benjamin, E. J., Evans, J. C., Reiss, C. K., & Levy, D. (1999). Congestive heart failure in subjects with normal versus reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: prevalence and mortality in a population-based cohort. J Am Coll Cardiol, 33(7), 1948-1955. Vasan, R. S., & Levy, D. (2000). Defining diastolic heart failure: a call for standardized diagnostic criteria. Circulation, 101(17), 2118-2121. Wajchenberg, B. L. (2000). Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: their relation to the metabolic syndrome. Endocr Rev, 21(6), 697-738. doi: 10.1210/edrv.21.6.0415 WHO Expert Consultation. (2004). Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet, 363(9403), 157-163. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15268-3 Xie, H., Lim, B., & Lodish, H. F. (2009). MicroRNAs induced during adipogenesis that accelerate fat cell development are downregulated in obesity. Diabetes, 58(5), 1050-1057. doi: 10.2337/db08-1299 Yamauchi, T., Kamon, J., Waki, H., Imai, Y., Shimozawa, N., Hioki, K., Uchida, S., Ito, Y., Takakuwa, K., Matsui, J., Takata, M., Eto, K., Terauchi, Y., Komeda, K., Tsunoda, M., Murakami, K., Ohnishi, Y., Naitoh, T., Yamamura, K., Ueyama, Y., Froguel, P., Kimura, S., Nagai, R., & Kadowaki, T. (2003). Globular adiponectin protected ob/ob mice from diabetes and ApoE-deficient mice from atherosclerosis. J Biol Chem, 278(4), 2461-2468. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M209033200 Yamauchi, T., Kamon, J., Waki, H., Terauchi, Y., Kubota, N., Hara, K., Mori, Y., Ide, T., Murakami, K., Tsuboyama-Kasaoka, N., Ezaki, O., Akanuma, Y., Gavrilova, O., Vinson, C., Reitman, M. L., Kagechika, H., Shudo, K., Yoda, M., Nakano, Y., Tobe, K., Nagai, R., Kimura, S., Tomita, M., Froguel, P., & Kadowaki, T. (2001). The fat-derived hormone adiponectin reverses insulin resistance associated with both lipoatrophy and obesity. Nat Med, 7(8), 941-946. doi: 10.1038/90984 Yang, W. S., Lee, W. J., Funahashi, T., Tanaka, S., Matsuzawa, Y., Chao, C. L., Chen, C. L., Tai, T. Y., & Chuang, L. M. (2001). Weight reduction increases plasma levels of an adipose-derived anti-inflammatory protein, adiponectin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 86(8), 3815-3819. doi: 10.1210/jcem.86.8.7741 Yang, W. S., Lee, W. J., Funahashi, T., Tanaka, S., Matsuzawa, Y., Chao, C. L., Chen, C. L., Tai, T. Y., & Chuang, L. M. (2002). Plasma adiponectin levels in overweight and obese Asians. Obes Res, 10(11), 1104-1110. doi: 10.1038/oby.2002.150 Yip, G. W., Ho, P. P., Woo, K. S., & Sanderson, J. E. (1999). Comparison of frequencies of left ventricular systolic and diastolic heart failure in Chinese living in Hong Kong. Am J Cardiol, 84(5), 563-567. Zhuang, G., Meng, C., Guo, X., Cheruku, P. S., Shi, L., Xu, H., Li, H., Wang, G., Evans, A. R., Safe, S., Wu, C., & Zhou, B. (2012). A novel regulator of macrophage activation: miR-223 in obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation. Circulation, 125(23), 2892-2903. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.087817 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/53821 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 代謝症候群通常與胰島素阻抗和內臟脂肪的分佈有所關連,並且與糖尿病和心血管疾病的發展有直接作用相關聯。 胰島素阻抗與內臟脂肪組織的增加會在非脂肪細胞內引發異常的脂質積累,進而引起相關器官之功能衰竭,如脂肪肝。心外膜脂肪組織(EAT),作為內臟腹內脂肪的一環,被認為會以類似的方式直接影響到心臟與心臟血管的功能。 當心肌細胞內的脂肪有異常的增加,會損害心臟功能,誘發心臟衰竭(HF)。 在心臟超音波檢查時量測心外膜脂肪組織(EAT)的厚度已被確認是與數種代謝異常與心血管疾病的風險增加有相關性。然而,EAT在左心室射出分率正常之心衰竭(HFpEF)的研究與認知有限。
本研中我們測量了 254 個受試者(男性89人,女性165人,平均年齡65.7± 9.8歲)的EAT。 受試者被分為三組:曾有舒張性心衰竭的患者(HFpEF 組, 人數 = 55)、有大於等於一種心血管代謝風險者 (心血管代謝風險組, 人數= 150)、與健康成年人(正常對照組, 人數= 49)。 HFpEF組在EAT 的厚度上與正常對照組、心血管代謝風險組相比較皆有有意義的增加 (p=0.000, p= 0.002 separately)。 此外,在經由多變量分析去調整各項心血管代謝風險因子, 包括年齡、性別、身體質量指數、左心室質量、與相關biomarkers之後,EAT 的厚度與代謝症候群和左心室射出分率正常之心衰竭仍能呈現持續性的相關性,其勝算比與信賴區間分別是:OR 8.02, 95% CI 1.3- 49.7 與OR 3.59, 95% CI 0.7- 18.2。 在此研究顯示 EAT在健康到擁有心血管代謝風險到演變成左心室射出分率正常之心衰竭的過程中,是一個重要的影響因子 。 EAT不僅與心臟結構變化相關,亦與左心室的舒張功能變化相關。由於心臟本身即覆蓋著脂肪,而EAT,這個相當具有代謝活性的內臟脂肪,由於它與相鄰的心肌和冠狀動脈分離沒有物理屏障,通過旁分泌的作用,EAT扮演著重要的局部代謝角色。 上述的作用涉及到發炎反應及相關脂肪激素的分泌。確認心外脂肪量、心血管代謝風險因子和心臟舒張功能之間的關係可有助於在更早、更恰當地辨識和治療有舒張性心衰竭風險的個人。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | The metabolic syndrome is usually associated with insulin resistance and visceral fat distribution, which appear to play a direct role in the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Insulin resistance and increased visceral adipose tissue are also associated with an abnormal ectopic accumulation of lipids in non-adipocytes to cause organ failure, like steatosis hepatitis. The epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), in a similar fashion as visceral intra-abdominal fat, might directly affect the pathophysiology of cardiac vessels and function of the heart. Accordingly, ectopic accumulation of fat within cardiac muscle cells can impair the heart function and predispose to heart failure (HF). The echocardiography-based epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) measurement has been recognized to be related to several metabolic abnormalities and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, clinical data on the EAT’s association with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are limited.
We measured the echocardiography-based EAT thickness in 254 subjects (female/male 165/89 and mean age 65.7± 9.8 years) divided into 3 group: Those with HF (HFpEF group, n = 55), those with ≥1 cardiometabolic risks (at-risk group, n = 150), and normal controls (n = 49). HFpEF group showed significantly greater amount of EAT than both normal and at-risk groups (p=0.000, p= 0.002 separately). Logistic regression was used to estimate the cross-sectional association of the EAT, metabolic syndrome and HFpEF. Models were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), LV mass, and related biomarkers. The echocardiography-based EAT thickness was significantly related in multivariate analysis to MS (OR 8.02, 95% CI 1.3- 49.7), and HFpEF (OR 53.95, 95% CI 0.7- 18.2). Our study suggests that EAT can be an important factor correlated with LV diastolic dysfunction and the heart structural change. Moreover, the heart itself is covered by fat. The EAT, a metabolically active fat depot with no physical barrier separating it from the adjacent myocardium and coronary arteries, plays an important local metabolic role by a paracrine effect, related to inflammation and the secretion of related adipokines. Confirm the relationships between cardiac fat burden, cardiometabolic risk factors and diastolic heart failure may contribute to identify and treatment of diastolic heart failure risk individuals earlier and more appropriately. Conclusions - These results indicate a strong, consistent relationship of the EAT with prevalent metabolic syndrome and HFpEF. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-16T02:30:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-104-P02421011-1.pdf: 717350 bytes, checksum: c56f0e6a5c66b7e919aa2e2f00474079 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書…………………………………………………………………………………………….... I
誌謝……………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………. II 中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………..………..…….. III 英文摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. V Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome…………………………………………...1 1.2 Ectopic Fat Depots 1.2.1 Body fat distribution……...…………………………………………..7 1.2.2 From Anthropometry to Imaging………………………..………..…..7 1.2.3 Dysfunctional adipose tissue ……………………………….………...9 1.2.4 The epicardial adipose tissue …………………………….…………..12 1. 3 Heart Failure 1.3.1 Metabolic syndrome, systemic inflammation and the development of HFpEF……………………………………...…………….………………...15 1.3.2 Defining Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction……………18 1.3.3 Distinct pathophysiology between heart failure with preserved/reduced ejection fraction…….………………………….……………………….…..19 1.3.4 EAT and LV Diastolic Function……………………...……………….20 Chapter 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Study population………………………………………………..……….…..23 2.2 Anthropometric Measurements…………..…………………………….……24 2.3 Lab Data Acquisition and Analysis……………………………………...…..24 2.4 Echocardiographic Measurements……………………………………....…..25 2.5 Statistical Analysis…………………………………………………….…….26 Chapter 3 Results 3.1 Clinical characteristics of study group………………………………………27 3.2 EAT, echocardiographic parameters and biomarkers……………………..…28 3.3 Biomarkers of three study groups…………………………………………...28 3.4 LV Structure and Function…………………………………………….….…29 3.5 Multivariate regression analysis………………………………………….….29 Chapter 4 Discussion………………………………………………………….…..31 References…………………………………………………………………….……..38 圖目錄 Figure 1:EAT and anthropometric measurements of derivation cohort of study group………………………………………………………………..…..49 Figure 2: EAT and anthropometric measurements of different gender……….…...50 Figure 3: Figure 3. Box-and-Whisker plot of biomarkers by derivation cohort of study groups………………….……………………….………………………..51 表目錄 Table 1: Baseline characteristics of derivation cohort of study group………………54 Table 2: Echocardiographic parameters of derivation cohort of study group……….55 Table3: Biomarkers of derivation cohort of study group…………………………….56 Table 4A: Linear regression correlation analysis with EAT, conventional echo parameters and LV diastolic parameters…..…………………..…………..57 Table 4B: Significant correlation analysis with EAT and biomarkers.……….……...58 Table 5: Multivariate logistic regression model for metabolic syndrome and HFpEF…………….………………………………..……………...……...59 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 從脂肪到心臟 - 心外脂肪組織量在具心臟代謝風險因子族群與左心室射出分率正常之心衰竭族群的相關性研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | From Fat to Heart: The Associations among Epicardial Adiposity, Cardiometabolic Profiles and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 103-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.coadvisor | 陳祈玲 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 黃瑞仁 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 心臟衰竭,心外脂肪組織,左心室射出分率正常之心衰竭,心臟超音波,重塑,肥胖,代謝症候群,心血管疾病,危險因子, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | heart failure,epicardial adipose tissue,HFpEF,echocardiography,remodeling,obesity,metabolic syndrome,cardiovascular disease,risk factor, | en |
dc.relation.page | 59 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2015-07-31 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 醫學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 臨床醫學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 臨床醫學研究所 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-104-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 700.54 kB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。