從電子支付機構管理條例探討第三方支付 之經營模式與發展方向

Abstract

網際網路成為資通傳播與交換的重要基礎工具之後，企業開始使用網路進行商業貿易活動，使得電子商務成為熱門的新興商業交易模式；而隨著ICT科技日益發達，電子商務益發蓬勃發展，為人流、物流、資訊流及金流帶來急遽的變化，各種新興的支付方式與工具，也應運而生，「第三方支付」便是在此背景下興起。 本論文主要針對三個層面依序分析探討：一、基礎文獻探討層面：論述「電子商務」、「電子支付」及「第三方支付」三者之定義、類型，與其間之關聯性，以作為本文研究之基礎資料。二、法規及監管架構層面：首先探討主要國家第三方支付之法規與監管措施；再分析我國「電子支付機構管理條例」通過前，對第三方支付之監管現況；最後，再針對「電子支付機構管理條例」之規範內容歸納分析。三、業界實務發展層面：首先通盤檢視我國第三方支付之發展現況，再以個案研究之方式，探討三種類型之業者（銀行業者、電子商務業者、線上遊戲業者），其經營模式與未來發展方向，並進而歸納分析第三方支付整體產業之趨勢。 最後，本論文以下列三項研究心得作為結論：一、風起雲湧的第三方支付，讓政府、企業、消費者都無法忽視。二、明確的遊戲規則，讓第三方支付業者有所依循。三、我國第三方支付業未來競爭之三大版圖—「網路商城」、「O2O行動支付」、「跨境支付」。

After the internet has become the important fundamental instrument for the data/information dissemination and exchange, enterprise starts to use internet doing commercial trading and thus e-commerce had become an emerging business trading model. With the development of the ICT technology, the e-commerce is booming and results in dramatic changes in the flows of people, goods, information and funds. It also brings the birth of many new payment methods and instruments. The third-party payment comes up under such background. This Thesis mainly focuses on three aspects to analyze and discuss in the following orders: (1) basic documents aspect: to discuss the definitions and types of “e-commerce”, “e-payment” and “third-party payment”, and the connections among them so that to use them as the research basis; (2) regulation and regulatory supervision structure aspects: first of all, to discuss the regulation and regulatory supervision methods concerning the third-party payment; and secondly, to discuss the current supervision situation of the third-party payment before the Payment Processing Institutions Act (the “Act”) takes effect; and lastly, to analyze and discuss the content of the Act; and (3) the development of the third-party payment industry aspect: thoroughly visit the development of the third-party payment industry, and from specific cases study to explore the business models and the possible development in the future by three types of enterprises, including banks, e-commerce companies, and on-line game companies, and further analyze the business trend of the entire third-party payment industry. In the end, this Thesis concludes the following three research comments: (1) the emerging of the third-party payment cannot be ignored by the government, enterprises and consumers; (2) enacting a more clear playing rules so that the third-party companies can comply with; and (3) the three main niche areas for the future competition in the third-party payment industry will be: online shopping mall; O-2-O mobile payment; and cross-border payment.