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標題: | 富勒烯插層效應對於高分子太陽能電池的效率與穩定性之影響 The Influence of Fullerene Intercalation on Efficiency and Stability of Polymer Solar Cells |
作者: | Zhan-Yu Tsai 蔡瞻宇 |
指導教授: | 童世煌(Shih-Huang Tung) |
關鍵字: | 型態學,PBTTT,插層效應,太陽能電池,塊材異質接面,穩定性, Morphology,PBTTT,Intercalation,Solar cell,Bulk heterojunction,Stability, |
出版年 : | 2015 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 高分子塊材異質有機太陽能電池的轉換效率目前已經超越10%了。然而,對於有機太陽能電池最關鍵的挑戰在於如何達成轉換效率的穩定性。在這篇研究中,我們系統性地探討由高分子PBTTT和三種富勒烯包括[6,6]-C61-苯基丁酸甲酯 (PC61BM)、[6,6]-C71-苯基丁酸甲酯 (PC71BM) 和茚-碳六十的雙加成物 (ICBA) 所組成的混摻系統。高分子PBTTT已經被證實其側鏈間的間隔皆可被這三種富勒烯所插層,但其插層的程度不同,又以PC61BM和PC71BM的插層程度比ICBA要好,而不同的插層程度也會導致不同的光學性質和結構型態。尤其我們發現插層效應可以促使高分子PBTTT的π-π堆積作用和結晶度。
我們利用反式結構的裝置來研究PBTTT/PC71BM元件的光電性質。其中我們發現PBTTT/PC71BM元件的穩定性會比一般使用的混摻系統P3HT/PC61BM還要好,可以歸因於由插層效應造成的穩定互溶相不會隨著時間而傾向相分離。同時我們利用原子力顯微鏡來探討薄膜的表面特徵並發現其表面粗糙度非常小且隨著時間幾乎不會有改變。另外,從小角度X光散射可以確認薄膜中PC71BM的聚集大小並沒有隨著時間有很大的變化。這些結果都指出由插層效應造成的穩定結構可以增加太陽能電池的穩定性,並提供一種設計原則使以高分子為主的太陽能電池有更好的表現。 The power conversion efficiency of polymer bulk heterojunction organic solar cells has exceeded 10 %. However, a key challenge to the organic solar cells is the achievement of power conversion efficiency stability. In this study, we systematically investigated the blends composed of poly[2,5-bis(3-tetradecylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene] (PBTTT) and three fullerenes, including [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM), [6,6]-phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM), and indene-C60 bisadduct (ICBA). PBTTT has been shown to have a sufficiently large interval between side chains that can be intercalated by all the three fullerenes, but the degree of intercalation is different, in order of PC61BM ~ PC71BM > ICBA, which results in different optical properties and morphology. Particularly, the intercalation can promote the π-π stacking and enhance the crystallinity of PBTTT. The photovoltaic performance of PBTTT/PC71BM cells fabricated by inverted device structure was studied. We found that the stability of PBTTT/PC71BM cells is much better compared to the common used blend of P3HT/PC61BM. It may be attributed to the stable intermixed phase caused by intercalation that doesn’t tend to phase separate with time. We utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) to characterize the surface of thin films and found that the surface roughness is very small and nearly unchanged with time. In addition, grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) confirms that the size of PC71BM aggregates in thin films does not significantly change with time. These results suggest that the intercalation can enhance the stability of solar cells due to the stable structure it caused, which provides a design principle for a better performance of polymer-based solar cells. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/53126 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 高分子科學與工程學研究所 |
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