請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/52947
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 陳凱風(Kai-Feng Chen) | |
dc.contributor.author | Charles Hermann Dietz | en |
dc.contributor.author | 諸葛明 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T16:35:29Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2015-08-16 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2015-08-16 | |
dc.date.issued | 2015 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2015-08-12 | |
dc.identifier.citation | [1] J. Thomson, “Cathode Rays,” Philosophical Magazine 44 (1897) 293.
[2] C. Anderson, “The Apparent Existence of Easily Deflectable Positives,” Science 76 (1967) 238–239. [3] P. A. M. Dirac, “The Quantum Theory of the Electron,” Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 117 (1928) 610–624. [4] C. A. S.H. Neddermeyer, “Note on the nature of Cosmic-Ray Particles,” Physical Review 51 (1937) 884–886. [5] H. Yukawa, “On the Interaction of Elementary Particles,” Proceedings of the Physico-Mathematical Society of Japan 17 (1935) 48. [6] C. L. Reines, Frederick; Cowan, “The Neutrino,” Nature 178 (1956) 446–449. [7] L. M. L. et al, “Observation of High-Energy Neutrino Reactions and the Existence of Two Kinds of Neutrinos,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 9 (1962) 36–44. [8] M. Gell-Mann, “A schematic model of baryons and mesons,” Physics Letters 8 (1964) 214–215. [9] E. D. e. a. Bloom, “High-Energy Inelastic e − p Scattering at 6 ◦ and 10 ◦ ,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 23 no. 16, (Oct, 1969) 930–934. [10] R. P. Feynman, “The behavior of hadron collisions at extreme energies,”. Invited paper at the Third Conference on High-Energy Collisions, Stony Brook, New York, 5-6 Sep 1969. [11] S. L. Glashow, J. Iliopoulos, and L. Maiani, “Weak Interactions with Lepton-Hadron Symmetry,” Phys. Rev. D 2 no. 7, (Oct, 1970) 1285–1292. [12] J. J. Aubert, U. Becker, P. J. Biggs, J. Burger, M. Chen, G. Everhart, P. Goldhagen, J. Leong, T. McCorriston, T. G. Rhoades, M. Rohde, S. C. C. Ting, S. L. Wu, and Y. Y. Lee, “Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 33 no. 23, (Dec, 1974) 1404–1406. [13] J. E. Augustin, A. M. Boyarski, M. Breidenbach, F. Bulos, J. T. Dakin, G. J. Feldman, G. E. Fischer, D. Fryberger, G. Hanson, B. Jean-Marie, R. R. Larsen, V. L ̈uth, H. L. Lynch, D. Lyon, C. C. Morehouse, J. M. Paterson, M. L. Perl, B. Richter, P. Rapidis, R. F. Schwitters, W. M. Tanenbaum, F. Vannucci, G. S. Abrams, D. Briggs, W. Chinowsky, C. E. Friedberg, G. Goldhaber, R. J. Hollebeek, J. A. Kadyk, B. Lulu, F. Pierre, G. H. Trilling, J. S. Whitaker, J. Wiss, and J. E. Zipse, “Discovery of a Narrow Resonance in e + e− Annihilation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 33 no. 23, (Dec, 1974) 1406–1408. 101102 BIBLIOGRAPHY [14] M. Kobayashi and T. Maskawa, “CP-Violation in the Renormalizable Theory of Weak Interaction,” Progress of Theoretical Physics 49 no. 2, (1973) 652–657. http://ptp.ipap.jp/link?PTP/49/652/. [15] M. L. Perl, G. S. Abrams, A. M. Boyarski, M. Breidenbach, D. D. Briggs, F. Bulos, W. Chinowsky, J. T. Dakin, G. J. Feldman, C. E. Friedberg, D. Fryberger, G. Goldhaber, G. Hanson, F. B. Heile, B. Jean-Marie, J. A. Kadyk, R. R. Larsen, A. M. Litke, D. L ̈uke, B. A. Lulu, V. L ̈uth, D. Lyon, C. C. Morehouse, J. M. Paterson, F. M. Pierre, T. P. Pun, P. A. Rapidis, B. Richter, B. Sadoulet, R. F. Schwitters, W. Tanenbaum, G. H. Trilling, F. Vannucci, J. S. Whitaker, F. C. Winkelmann, and J. E. Wiss, “Evidence for Anomalous Lepton Production in e + −e− Annihilation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 35 no. 22, (Dec, 1975) 1489–1492. [16] S. W. Herb, D. C. Hom, L. M. Lederman, J. C. Sens, H. D. Snyder, J. K. Yoh, J. A. Appel, B. C. Brown, C. N. Brown, W. R. Innes, K. Ueno, T. Yamanouchi, A. S. Ito, H. J ̈ostlein, D. M. Kaplan, and R. D. Kephart, “Observation of a Dimuon Resonance at 9.5 GeV in 400-GeV Proton-Nucleus Collisions,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 39 no. 5, (Aug, 1977) 252–255. [17] D. P. Barber, U. Becker, H. Benda, A. Boehm, J. G. Branson, J. Bron, D. Buikman, J. Burger, C. C. Chang, H. S. Chen, M. Chen, C. P. Cheng, Y. S. Chu, R. Clare, P. Duinker, G. Y. Fang, H. Fesefeldt, D. Fong, M. Fukushima, J. C. Guo, A. Hariri, G. Herten, M. C. Ho, H. K. Hsu, T. T. Hsu, R. W. Kadel, W. Krenz, J. Li, Q. Z. Li, M. Lu, D. Luckey, D. A. Ma, C. M. Ma, G. G. G. Massaro, T. Matsuda, H. Newman, J. Paradiso, F. P. Poschmann, J. P. Revol, M. Rohde, H. Rykaczewski, K. Sinram, H. W. Tang, L. G. Tang, S. C. C. Ting, K. L. Tung, F. Vannucci, X. R. Wang, P. S. Wei, M. White, G. H. Wu, T. W. Wu, J. P. Xi, P. C. Yang, X. H. Yu, N. L. Zhang, and R. Y. Zhu, “Discovery of Three-Jet Events and a Test of Quantum Chromodynamics at PETRA,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 43 no. 12, (Sep, 1979) 830–833. [18] G. Arnison, A. Astbury, B. Aubert, and C. Bacci, “Experimental observation of isolated large transverse energy electrons with associated missing energy at,” Physics Letters B 122 no. 1, (1983) 103 – 116. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0370269383911772. [19] G. Arnison, A. Astbury, and B. Aubert, “Experimental observation of lepton pairs of invariant mass around 95 GeV/c2 at the CERN SPS collider,” Physics Letters B 126 no. 5, (1983) 398 – 410. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0370269383901880. [20] CDF Collaboration Collaboration, F. Abe, H. Akimoto, A. Akopian, M. G. Albrow, and Amendolia, “Observation of Top Quark Production in p p ̄ Collisions with the Collider Detector at Fermilab,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 no. 14, (Apr, 1995) 2626–2631. [21] K. Kodama, N. Ushida, C. Andreopoulos, N. Saoulidou, G. Tzanakos, P. Yager, B. Baller, D. Boehnlein, W. Freeman, B. Lundberg, J. Morfin, R. Rameika, J. C. Yun, J. S. Song, C. S. Yoon, S. H. Chung, P. Berghaus, M. Kubantsev, N. W. Reay, R. Sidwell, N. Stanton, S. Yoshida, S. Aoki, T. Hara, J. T. Rhee, D. Ciampa, C. Erickson, M. Graham, K. Heller, R. Rusack, R. Schwienhorst, J. Sielaff, J. Trammell, J. Wilcox, K. Hoshino, H. Jiko, M. Miyanishi, M. Komatsu, M. Nakamura, T. Nakano, K. Niwa, N. Nonaka, K. Okada, O. Sato, T. Akdogan, V. Paolone, C. Rosenfeld, A. Kulik, T. Kafka, W. Oliver, T. Patzak, and J. Schneps, “Observation of tau neutrino interactions,” Physics Letters B 504 no. 3, (2001) 218 – 224. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0370269301003070.BIBLIOGRAPHY 103 [22] ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad et al., “Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC,” Phys. Lett. B 716 (2012) 1–29, arXiv:1207.7214 [hep-ex]. [23] CMS Collaboration, S. Chatrchyan et al., “Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC,” Phys. Lett. B 716 (2012) 30–61, arXiv:1207.7235 [hep-ex]. [24] A. Zannoni, “On the Quantization of the Monoatomic Ideal Gas,” eprint arXiv:cond-mat/9912229 (Dec., 1999) , cond-mat/9912229. [25] P. A. M. Dirac, “On the Theory of Quantum Mechanics,” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 112 no. 762, (1926) 661–677. [26] Bose, “Plancks Gesetz und Lichtquantenhypothese,” Zeitschrift f ̈ur Physik 26 no. 1, (1924) 178–181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01327326. [27] F. Englert and R. Brout, “Broken Symmetry and the Mass of Gauge Vector Mesons,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 13 (1964) 321–323. [28] P. W. Higgs, “Broken symmetries, massless particles and gauge fields,” Phys. Lett. 12 (1964) 132–133. [29] P. W. Higgs, “Broken Symmetries and the Masses of Gauge Bosons,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 13 (1964) 508–509. [30] G. S. Guralnik, C. R. Hagen, and T. W. B. Kibble, “Global Conservation Laws and Massless Particles,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 13 (1964) 585–587. [31] P. W. Higgs, “Spontaneous Symmetry Breakdown without Massless Bosons,” Phys. Rev. 145 (1966) 1156–1163. [32] T. W. B. Kibble, “Symmetry breaking in nonAbelian gauge theories,” Phys. Rev. 155 (1967) 1554–1561. [33] S. L. Glashow, “Partial Symmetries of Weak Interactions,” Nucl. Phys. 22 (1961) 579–588. [34] S. Weinberg, “A Model of Leptons,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 19 (1967) 1264–1266. [35] A. Salam, “Weak and Electromagnetic Interactions,” Conf. Proc. C680519 (1968) 367–377. [36] J. R. Ellis, M. K. Gaillard, and D. V. Nanopoulos, “A Phenomenological Profile of the Higgs Boson,” Nucl. Phys. B106 (1976) 292. [37] H. M. Georgi, S. L. Glashow, M. E. Machacek, and D. V. Nanopoulos, “Higgs Bosons from Two Gluon Annihilation in Proton Proton Collisions,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 40 (1978) 692. [38] S. L. Glashow, D. V. Nanopoulos, and A. Yildiz, “Associated production of Higgs bosons and Z particles,” Phys. Rev. D 18 (Sep, 1978) 1724–1727. http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.18.1724. [39] R. N. Cahn, S. D. Ellis, R. Kleiss, and W. J. Stirling, “Transverse Momentum Signatures for Heavy Higgs Bosons,” Phys. Rev. D35 (1987) 1626.104 BIBLIOGRAPHY [40] J. F. Gunion, G. L. Kane, and J. Wudka, “Search Techniques for Charged and Neutral Intermediate Mass Higgs Bosons,” Nucl. Phys. B299 (1988) 231. [41] D. L. Rainwater and D. Zeppenfeld, “Searching for H → γγ in weak boson fusion at the LHC,” JHEP 12 (1997) 005, arXiv:hep-ph/9712271 [hep-ph]. [42] D. L. Rainwater, D. Zeppenfeld, and K. Hagiwara, “Searching for H → τ + τ − in weak boson fusion at the CERN LHC,” Phys. Rev. D59 (1998) 014037, arXiv:hep-ph/9808468 [hep-ph]. [43] D. L. Rainwater and D. Zeppenfeld, “Observing H → W ∗ W ∗ → e ± μ∓ 6 p T in weak boson fusion with dual forward jet tagging at the CERN LHC,” Phys. Rev. D60 (1999) 113004, arXiv:hep-ph/9906218 [hep-ph]. [Erratum: Phys. Rev.D61,099901(2000)]. [44] A. Djouadi and A. Lenz, “Sealing the fate of a fourth generation of fermions,” Phys. Lett. B 715 (2012) 310–314, arXiv:1204.1252 [hep-ph]. [45] N. Arkani-Hamed, A. G. Cohen, E. Katz, and A. E. Nelson, “The Littlest Higgs,” JHEP 07 (2002) 034, arXiv:hep-ph/0206021 [hep-ph]. [46] H. E. Logan, “Phenomenology of the littlest Higgs model,” in Search for SUSY and unification. Proceedings, International Conference, 20 years of SUGRA, SUGRA20, Boston, USA, March 17-21, 2003, pp. 589–605. 2003. arXiv:hep-ph/0307340 [hep-ph]. [47] M. Perelstein, M. E. Peskin, and A. Pierce, “Top quarks and electroweak symmetry breaking in little Higgs models,” Phys. Rev. D69 (2004) 075002, arXiv:hep-ph/0310039 [hep-ph]. [48] M. Schmaltz and D. Tucker-Smith, “Little Higgs review,” Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 55 (2005) 229–270, arXiv:hep-ph/0502182 [hep-ph]. [49] M. Carena, J. Hubisz, M. Perelstein, and P. Verdier, “Collider signature of T-quarks,” Phys. Rev. D75 (2007) 091701, arXiv:hep-ph/0610156 [hep-ph]. [50] S. Matsumoto, T. Moroi, and K. Tobe, “Testing the Littlest Higgs Model with T-parity at the Large Hadron Collider,” Phys. Rev. D78 (2008) 055018, arXiv:0806.3837 [hep-ph]. [51] B. A. Dobrescu and C. T. Hill, “Electroweak symmetry breaking via top condensation seesaw,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 2634–2637, arXiv:hep-ph/9712319 [hep-ph]. [52] R. S. Chivukula, B. A. Dobrescu, H. Georgi, and C. T. Hill, “Top quark seesaw theory of electroweak symmetry breaking,” Phys. Rev. D59 (1999) 075003, arXiv:hep-ph/9809470 [hep-ph]. [53] H. Collins, A. K. Grant, and H. Georgi, “The Phenomenology of a top quark seesaw model,” Phys. Rev. D61 (2000) 055002, arXiv:hep-ph/9908330 [hep-ph]. [54] H.-J. He, C. T. Hill, and T. M. P. Tait, “Top quark seesaw, vacuum structure and electroweak precision constraints,” Phys. Rev. D65 (2002) 055006, arXiv:hep-ph/0108041 [hep-ph].BIBLIOGRAPHY 105 [55] C. T. Hill and E. H. Simmons, “Strong dynamics and electroweak symmetry breaking,” Phys. Rept. 381 (2003) 235–402, arXiv:hep-ph/0203079 [hep-ph]. [Erratum: Phys. Rept.390,553(2004)]. [56] R. Contino, L. Da Rold, and A. Pomarol, “Light custodians in natural composite Higgs models,” Phys. Rev. D75 (2007) 055014, arXiv:hep-ph/0612048 [hep-ph]. [57] C. Anastasiou, E. Furlan, and J. Santiago, “Realistic Composite Higgs Models,” Phys. Rev. D79 (2009) 075003, arXiv:0901.2117 [hep-ph]. [58] K. Kong, M. McCaskey, and G. W. Wilson, “Multi-lepton signals from the top-prime quark at the LHC,” JHEP 04 (2012) 079, arXiv:1112.3041 [hep-ph]. [59] A. Carmona, M. Chala, and J. Santiago, “New Higgs Production Mechanism in Composite Higgs Models,” JHEP 07 (2012) 049, arXiv:1205.2378 [hep-ph]. [60] M. Gillioz, R. Grober, C. Grojean, M. Muhlleitner, and E. Salvioni, “Higgs Low-Energy Theorem (and its corrections) in Composite Models,” JHEP 10 (2012) 004, arXiv:1206.7120 [hep-ph]. [61] T. Moroi and Y. Okada, “Radiative corrections to Higgs masses in the supersymmetric model with an extra family and antifamily,” Mod. Phys. Lett. A7 (1992) 187–200. [62] T. Moroi and Y. Okada, “Upper bound of the lightest neutral Higgs mass in extended supersymmetric Standard Models,” Phys. Lett. B295 (1992) 73–78. [63] K. S. Babu, I. Gogoladze, M. U. Rehman, and Q. Shafi, “Higgs Boson Mass, Sparticle Spectrum and Little Hierarchy Problem in Extended MSSM,” Phys. Rev. D78 (2008) 055017, arXiv:0807.3055 [hep-ph]. [64] S. P. Martin, “Extra vector-like matter and the lightest Higgs scalar boson mass in low-energy supersymmetry,” Phys. Rev. D81 (2010) 035004, arXiv:0910.2732 [hep-ph]. [65] P. W. Graham, A. Ismail, S. Rajendran, and P. Saraswat, “A Little Solution to the Little Hierarchy Problem: A Vector-like Generation,” Phys. Rev. D81 (2010) 055016, arXiv:0910.3020 [hep-ph]. [66] S. P. Martin, “Raising the Higgs mass with Yukawa couplings for isotriplets in vector-like extensions of minimal supersymmetry,” Phys. Rev. D82 (2010) 055019, arXiv:1006.4186 [hep-ph]. [67] J. Kang, P. Langacker, and B. D. Nelson, “Theory and Phenomenology of Exotic Isosinglet Quarks and Squarks,” Phys. Rev. D77 (2008) 035003, arXiv:0708.2701 [hep-ph]. [68] A. Davidson and K. C. Wali, “Family Mass Hierarchy From Universal Seesaw Mechanism,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 60 (1988) 1813. [69] K. S. Babu and R. N. Mohapatra, “A Solution to the Strong CP Problem Without an Axion,” Phys. Rev. D41 (1990) 1286. [70] B. Grinstein, M. Redi, and G. Villadoro, “Low Scale Flavor Gauge Symmetries,” JHEP 11 (2010) 067, arXiv:1009.2049 [hep-ph].106 BIBLIOGRAPHY [71] D. Guadagnoli, R. N. Mohapatra, and I. Sung, “Gauged Flavor Group with Left-Right Symmetry,” JHEP 04 (2011) 093, arXiv:1103.4170 [hep-ph]. [72] R. Contino, T. Kramer, M. Son, and R. Sundrum, “Warped/composite phenomenology simplified,” JHEP 0705 (2007) 074, arXiv:hep-ph/0612180 [hep-ph]. [73] Y. Okada and L. Panizzi, “LHC signatures of vector-like quarks,” Adv. High Energy Phys. 2013 (2013) 364936, arXiv:1207.5607 [hep-ph]. [74] CDF Collaboration, T. Aaltonen et al., “Search for New Particles Leading to Z+ jets Final √ States in p p ̄ Collisions at s = 1.96-TeV,” Phys. Rev. D76 (2007) 072006, arXiv:0706.3264 [hep-ex]. [75] CDF Collaboration, T. Aaltonen et al., “Search for New Bottomlike Quark Pair Decays Q → ( ̈)(W ± ) in Same-Charge Dilepton Events,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 (2010) 091801, arXiv:0912.1057 [hep-ex]. [76] CDF Collaboration, T. Aaltonen et al., “Search for heavy bottom-like quarks decaying to √ an electron or muon and jets in p p ̄ collisions at s = 1.96 TeV,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 (2011) 141803, arXiv:1101.5728 [hep-ex]. [77] CDF Collaboration, T. Aaltonen et al., “Search for Production of Heavy Particles √ Decaying to Top Quarks and Invisible Particles in p p ̄ collisions at s = 1.96 TeV,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 (2011) 191801, arXiv:1103.2482 [hep-ex]. [78] CDF Collaboration, T. Aaltonen et al., “Search for New T 0 Particles in Final States with Large Jet Multiplicities and Missing Transverse Energy in ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 (2011) 191803, arXiv:1107.3574 [hep-ex]. [79] CDF Collaboration, T. Aaltonen et al., “Search for a Heavy Top-Like Quark in p p ̄ √ Collisions at s = 1.96 TeV,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 (2011) 261801, arXiv:1107.3875 [hep-ex]. [80] D0 Collaboration, V. M. Abazov et al., “Search for a fourth generation t 0 quark in p p ̄ √ collisions at s = 1.96 TeV,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 (2011) 082001, arXiv:1104.4522 [hep-ex]. [81] D0 Collaboration, V. M. Abazov et al., “Search for single vector-like quarks in p p ̄ collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 (2011) 081801, arXiv:1010.1466 [hep-ex]. [82] A. Atre, M. Carena, T. Han, and J. Santiago, “Heavy Quarks Above the Top at the Tevatron,” Phys. Rev. D79 (2009) 054018, arXiv:0806.3966 [hep-ph]. [83] ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad et al., “Search for New Phenomena in t t ̄ Events With Large √ Missing Transverse Momentum in Proton-Proton Collisions at s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS Detector,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 (2012) 041805, arXiv:1109.4725 [hep-ex]. [84] ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad et al., “Search for pair production of a heavy up-type quark decaying to a W boson and a b quark in the lepton+jets channel with the ATLAS detector,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 (2012) 261802, arXiv:1202.3076 [hep-ex]. [85] ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad et al., “Search for pair-produced heavy quarks decaying to √ Wq in the two-lepton channel at s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector,” Phys. Rev. D86 (2012) 012007, arXiv:1202.3389 [hep-ex].BIBLIOGRAPHY 107 [86] ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad et al., “Search for same-sign top-quark production and √ fourth-generation down-type quarks in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector,” JHEP 04 (2012) 069, arXiv:1202.5520 [hep-ex]. [87] ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad et al., “Search for down-type fourth generation quarks with the ATLAS detector in events with one lepton and hadronically decaying W bosons,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (2012) 032001, arXiv:1202.6540 [hep-ex]. [88] K. Rao and D. Whiteson, “Triangulating an exotic T quark,” Phys. Rev. D86 (2012) 015008, arXiv:1204.4504 [hep-ph]. [89] ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad et al., “Search for pair production of a new quark that decays to a Z boson and a bottom quark with the ATLAS detector,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (2012) 071801, arXiv:1204.1265 [hep-ex]. [90] ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad et al., “Search for pair production of heavy top-like quarks √ decaying to a high-pT W boson and a b quark in the lepton plus jets final state at s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector,” Phys. Lett. B718 (2013) 1284–1302, arXiv:1210.5468 [hep-ex]. [91] ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad et al., “Search for a heavy top-quark partner in final states with two leptons with the ATLAS detector at the LHC,” JHEP 11 (2012) 094, arXiv:1209.4186 [hep-ex]. [92] ATLAS Collaboration, “Search for exotic same-sign dilepton signatures (b’ quark, T 5/3 and four top quarks production) in 4.7/fb of pp collisions at sqrts = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector,” Tech. Rep. ATLAS-CONF-2012-130, CERN, Geneva, Sep, 2012. https://cds.cern.ch/record/1478217. [93] ATLAS Collaboration, “Search for Single Production of Vector-like Quarks Coupling to Light Generations in 4.64 i f b of Data at sqrts = 7 TeV,” Tech. Rep. ATLAS-CONF-2012-137, CERN, Geneva, Sep, 2012. https://cds.cern.ch/record/1480628. [94] CMS Collaboration, S. Chatrchyan et al., “Search for a Vector-like Quark with Charge 2/3 √ in t + Z Events from pp Collisions at s = 7 TeV,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 (2011) 271802, arXiv:1109.4985 [hep-ex]. [95] CMS Collaboration, S. Chatrchyan et al., “Search for heavy bottom-like quarks in 4.9 √ inverse femtobarns of pp collisions at s = 7 TeV,” JHEP 05 (2012) 123, arXiv:1204.1088 [hep-ex]. [96] CMS Collaboration, S. Chatrchyan et al., “Search for heavy, top-like quark pair √ production in the dilepton final state in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV,” Phys. Lett. B716 (2012) 103–121, arXiv:1203.5410 [hep-ex]. [97] CMS Collaboration, S. Chatrchyan et al., “Search for pair produced fourth-generation √ up-type quarks in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV with a lepton in the final state,” Phys. Lett. B718 (2012) 307–328, arXiv:1209.0471 [hep-ex]. [98] CMS Collaboration, S. Chatrchyan et al., “Search for heavy quarks decaying into a top √ quark and a W or Z boson using lepton + jets events in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV,” JHEP 01 (2013) 154, arXiv:1210.7471 [hep-ex].108 BIBLIOGRAPHY [99] CMS Collaboration, “Search B’ to bZ,” Tech. Rep. CMS-PAS-EXO-11-066, CERN, Geneva, 2012. https://cds.cern.ch/record/1460386. [100] CMS Collaboration, “Search for a heavy partner of the top quark with charge 5/3,” Tech. Rep. CMS-PAS-B2G-12-003, CERN, Geneva, 2012. https://cds.cern.ch/record/1478430. [101] ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad et al., “Search for pair and single production of new heavy √ quarks that decay to a Z boson and a third-generation quark in pp collisions at s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector,” JHEP 1411 (2014) 104, arXiv:1409.5500 [hep-ex]. [102] ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad et al., “Analysis of events with b-jets and a pair of leptons √ of the same charge in pp collisions at s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector,” arXiv:1504.04605 [hep-ex]. [103] ATLAS Collaboration, G. Aad et al., “Search for production of vector-like quark pairs and √ of four top quarks in the lepton-plus-jets final state in pp collisions at s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector,” arXiv:1505.04306 [hep-ex]. [104] CMS Collaboration, S. Chatrchyan et al., “Inclusive search for a vector-like T quark with √ charge 3 2 in pp collisions at s = 8 TeV,” Phys. Lett. B 729 (2014) 149–171, arXiv:1311.7667 [hep-ex]. [105] CMS Collaboration, “Search for vector-like quarks in final states with a single lepton and jets in pp collisions at sqrt s = 8 TeV,” Tech. Rep. CMS-PAS-B2G-12-017, CERN, Geneva, 2014. https://cds.cern.ch/record/1976214. [106] CMS Collaboration, V. Khachatryan et al., “Search for vector-like T quarks decaying to top quarks and Higgs bosons in the all-hadronic channel using jet substructure,” arXiv:1503.01952 [hep-ex]. [107] CMS Collaboration, “Search for vector-like top quark partners produced in association with Higgs bosons in the diphoton final state,” Tech. Rep. CMS-PAS-B2G-14-003, CERN, Geneva, 2014. [108] CMS Collaboration, “Search for pair-produced vector-like top quark partners decaying to bW in the fully hadronic channel using jet substructure at 8 TeV,” Tech. Rep. CMS-PAS-B2G-12-013, CERN, Geneva, 2015. https://cds.cern.ch/record/2017752. [109] O. S. Bruning, P. Collier, P. Lebrun, S. Myers, R. Ostojic, J. Poole, and P. Proudlock, “LHC Design Report Vol.1: The LHC Main Ring,”. [110] C. Collaboration, “CMS, the Compact Muon Solenoid: Technical proposal,” CERN/LHCC 94-38 (1994) . [111] ATLAS Collaboration, W. W. Armstrong et al., “ATLAS: Technical proposal for a general-purpose pp experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN,”. CERN-LHCC-94-43. [112] ALICE Collaboration, “ALICE: Technical proposal for a large ion collider experiment at the CERN LHC,”. CERN-LHCC-95-71. [113] LHCb Collaboration, S. Amato et al., “LHCb technical proposal,”. CERN-LHCC-98-04.BIBLIOGRAPHY 109 [114] CMS Collaboration, S. Chatrchyan et al., “Commissioning of the CMS High-Level Trigger with Cosmic Rays,” JINST 5 (2010) T03005, arXiv:0911.4889 [physics.ins-det]. [115] CMS Collaboration, “Track Reconstruction in the CMS tracker,” CMS Note CMS-NOTE-2006-041 (2006) . http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/934067. [116] Pierre and Billoir, “Progressive track recognition with a Kalman-like fitting procedure,” Computer Physics Communications 57 no. 1-3, (1989) 390 – 394. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/001046558990249X. [117] CMS Collaboration, “Tracking and Primary Vertex Results in First 7 TeV Collisions,” CMS Physics Analysis Summary CMS-PAS-TRK-10-005 (2010) . [118] R. Frhwirth, P. Kubinec, W. Mitaroff, and M. Regler, “Vertex reconstruction and track bundling at the LEP collider using robust algorithms,” Computer Physics Communications 96 no. 2-3, (1996) 189 – 208. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0010465596000409. [119] J. D’Hondt, P. Vanlaer, R. Fruhwirth, and W.Waltenberger, “Sensitivity of robust vertex fitting algorithms,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 51 (2004) 2037–2044. [120] W. Adam, R. Fruhwirth, A. Strandlie, and T. Todorov, “Reconstruction of electrons with the Gaussian-sum filter in the CMS tracker at LHC,” ECONF C0303241 (2003) TULT009, arXiv:physics/0306087. [J.Phys.G31:N9,2005]. [121] V. Innocente, M. Maire, and E. Nagy, “GEANE: Average Tracking and Error Propagation Package,” CERN Program Library IT-ASD W5013-E (1991) . [122] G. Sterman and S. Weinberg, “Jets from Quantum Chromodynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 39 (Dec, 1977) 1436–1439. http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.39.1436. [123] G. P. Salam, “Towards Jetography,” Eur. Phys. J. C67 (2010) 637–686, arXiv:0906.1833 [hep-ph]. [124] J. Tseng and H. Evans, “Sequential recombination algorithm for jet clustering and background subtraction,” Phys.Rev. D88 (2013) 014044, arXiv:1304.1025 [hep-ph]. [125] CMS Collaboration, S. Chatrchyan et al., “Determination of Jet Energy Calibration and Transverse Momentum Resolution in CMS,” JINST 6 (2011) P11002, arXiv:1107.4277 [physics.ins-det]. [126] S. D. Ellis, C. K. Vermilion, and J. R. Walsh, “Techniques for improved heavy particle searches with jet substructure,” Phys. Rev. D80 (2009) 051501, arXiv:0903.5081 [hep-ph]. [127] D. Krohn, J. Thaler, and L.-T. Wang, “Jet Trimming,” JHEP 02 (2010) 084, arXiv:0912.1342 [hep-ph]. [128] A. Altheimer et al., “Jet Substructure at the Tevatron and LHC: New results, new tools, new benchmarks,” J. Phys. G39 (2012) 063001, arXiv:1201.0008 [hep-ph]. [129] S. D. Ellis, C. K. Vermilion, and J. R. Walsh, “Recombination Algorithms and Jet Substructure: Pruning as a Tool for Heavy Particle Searches,” Phys. Rev. D 81 (2010) 094023, arXiv:0912.0033 [hep-ph].110 BIBLIOGRAPHY [130] CMS Collaboration, “Identifying Hadronically Decaying Vector Bosons Merged into a Single Jet,” Tech. Rep. CMS-PAS-JME-13-006, CERN, Geneva, 2013. https://cds.cern.ch/record/1577417. [131] CMS Collaboration, “V Tagging Observables and Correlations,” Tech. Rep. CMS-PAS-JME-14-002, CERN, Geneva, 2014. https://cds.cern.ch/record/1754913. [132] J. Thaler and K. Van Tilburg, “Identifying Boosted Objects with N-subjettiness,” JHEP 03 (2011) 015, arXiv:1011.2268 [hep-ph]. [133] GEANT4 Collaboration, S. Agostinelli et al., “GEANT4: A Simulation toolkit,” Nucl.Instrum.Meth. A506 (2003) 250–303. [134] J. Alwall et al., “MadGraph/MadEvent v4: The New Web Generation,” JHEP 09 (2007) 028, arXiv:0706.2334 [hep-ph]. [135] V. Hirschi, R. Frederix, S. Frixione, M. V. Garzelli, F. Maltoni, et al., “Automation of one-loop QCD corrections,” JHEP 1105 (2011) 044, arXiv:1103.0621 [hep-ph]. [136] P. Nason, “A New method for combining NLO QCD with shower Monte Carlo algorithms,” JHEP 0411 (2004) 040, arXiv:hep-ph/0409146 [hep-ph]. [137] S. Frixione, P. Nason, and C. Oleari, “Matching NLO QCD computations with Parton Shower simulations: the POWHEG method,” JHEP 0711 (2007) 070, arXiv:0709.2092 [hep-ph]. [138] CMS Collaboration, S. Chatrchyan et al., “Measurement of the t t ̄ production cross section √ in the dilepton channel in pp collisions at s = 8 TeV,” JHEP 1402 (2014) 024, arXiv:1312.7582 [hep-ex]. [139] M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam, and G. Soyez, “The anti-k t jet clustering algorithm,” JHEP 04 (2008) 063, arXiv:0802.1189 [hep-ex]. [140] G. S. M. Cacciari and G. Soyez, “FastJet 2.3 User Manual,” Phys. Lett. B 641:57 (2006). [141] C. Weiser, “A combined secondary vertex based B-tagging algorithm in CMS,”. [142] J. V. P. Silva, M. Gallinaro, “Measurement of the Top quark mass in the dilepton channel in pp collisions at 7 TeV,” CMS AN AN-2010/374 (2010) . [143] R. J. Barlow and C. Beeston, “Fitting using finite Monte Carlo samples,” Comput.Phys.Commun. 77 (1993) 219–228. [144] J. S. Conway, “Nuisance Parameters in Likelihoods for Multisource Spectra,” Proceedings of PHYSTAT 2011 Workshop on Statistical Issues Related to Discovery Claims in Search Experiments and Unfolding (2011) 115–120. [145] CMS Collaboration, “Recommendation for b/c-tagging and mistagging Data/MC Scale Factors,” https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/viewauth/CMS/BtagPOG (2014) . [146] CMS Collaboration, S. Chatrchyan et al., “Measurement of the t t ̄ production cross section √ in the dilepton channel in pp collisions at s = 8 TeV,” JHEP 1402 (2014) 024, arXiv:1312.7582 [hep-ex].BIBLIOGRAPHY 111 [147] CMS Collaboration, “Documentation of the RooStats-based statistics tools for Higgs PAG,” https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/viewauth/CMS/SWGuideHiggsAnalysisCombinedLimit (2011) . [148] “Theta Framework,” http://www-ekp.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/ ott/theta/theta-auto/ (2012) . | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/52947 | - |
dc.description.abstract | This thesis presents the search for pair-produced vector-like top quark partners of charge 2/3e in 19.7fb^-1 of proton-proton collisions at S^(1/2) = 8 TeV collected with the CMS detector in 2012 at the Large Hadron Collider. This search is optimized for the decay mode T to bW in the fully hadronic final state. Due to the large mass of the T quark, its decay products are significantly boosted, requiring the use of specialized jet substructure techniques. Selected events must have four jets, of which two are assigned to the hadronic W boson decay and the other one or two are consistent with the hadronization of a b quark. No excess of events above the expected standard model backgrounds is observed and limits are set on the T pair-production cross section. T quarks with masses below 705 GeV/c^2 are excluded at the 95% confidence level. Sensitivity measurement on the T to tZ and T to tH decays is also performed. The result of the statistical combination with similar searches performed at CMS is also presented as it provides the strongest limits on vector-like T quarks. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T16:35:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-104-D99222025-1.pdf: 11063291 bytes, checksum: 2273e9f9c7cc2405473e1dc6993887d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 1
Introduction 1 1.1 A Brief History of Particle Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 The Standard Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.2.1 Fermions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2.2 Gauge Bosons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2.3 Higgs Boson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.3 The Death of 4G and the Rise of VLQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2 Experimental Setup 9 2.1 The Large Hadron Collider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.2 The CMS Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2.1 Magnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.2.2 Tracker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.2.3 Electromagnetic Calorimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.2.4 Hadronic Calorimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.2.5 Muon Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.3 Trigger System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3 Event Reconstruction 21 3.1 Basic Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.1.1 Track Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.1.2 Vertex Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.1.3 ECAL Clustering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.1.4 HCAL Towering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.1.5 Standalone Muons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Particle-Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.2.1 Electrons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.2.2 Muons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.2.3 Jets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Jets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.3.1 Clustering Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.3.2 Corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.3.3B-tagging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3.3.4Substructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 4 Data and Simulated Samples 29 4.1 8 TeV Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 4.2 Monte-Carlo Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 4.3 Pile-Up Reweighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 5 Selection 33 5.1 Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5.2 Jets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.3 Event Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 6 Background Estimation 47 6.1 Control and Signal Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 6.2 Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 7 Systematic Uncertainties 57 7.1 Jet Energy Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 7.2 Jet Energy Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . 57 7.3 QCD Shape Uncertainties . . . . . . . . . 60 7.4 Parton Distribution Function Uncertainties 60 7.5 B-tagging Scale Factor Uncertainties . . . 60 7.6 Additional Uncertainties . . . . . . . . . . 60 8 Results 67 8.1 Limits for T → bW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 8.2 Sensitivity to tZ and tH Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 8.3 Combination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 9 Conclusion 75 A Smoothing Procedure for QCD Uncertainties 77 B Covariance Matrices 79 C ABCD Method 83 C.1 2 b-tags category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 C.2 1 b-tag category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 D Mass Fit 93 D.1 2 b-tags category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 D.2 1 b-tag category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 D.3 Combination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 利用噴流結構於8TeV質心能量尋找矢量T(2/3)夸克 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Search for Vector-like T(2/3) Quarks with Jet Substructure at 8 TeV | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 103-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Stathes Paganis(Stathes Paganis),張寶棣(Pao-Ti Chang),郭家銘(Chia-Ming Kuo),徐百嫻(Pai-hsien Hsu),王名儒(Min-Zu Wang) | |
dc.subject.keyword | CMS,矢量T夸克,噴流結構,8 TeV, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | CMS,Vector-like Quarks,Top Partner,Jet Subtructure,8 TeV, | en |
dc.relation.page | 111 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2015-08-12 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 物理研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 物理學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-104-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 10.8 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。