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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 陳昭瑩 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Po-Liang Chen | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 陳柏良 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T16:08:48Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2017-08-28 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2015-08-28 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2015 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2015-08-19 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 1. 行政院農業委員會農糧署。2015。103年農業統計年報。行政院農業委員會。
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/52159 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 草莓因為其獨特的香味和營養價值深受民眾喜愛，為一高經濟價值作物。Colletotrichum spp.引發之炭疽病對草莓生產影響甚鉅，但過度依賴化學農藥防治炭疽病卻容易造成環境汙染、病原抗藥性增加以及草莓的食品安全問題，是以許多替代防治方案被提出，使用生物性防治資材如生物防治細菌即為其中之一。類芽孢桿菌屬細菌 (Paenibacillus spp.) 是近年常被研究的生物防治細菌。已知本實驗室所分離之多黏類芽孢桿菌 (Paenibacillus polymyxa) 對於草莓灰黴病菌具有拮抗之作用，且於草莓植株或根圈土壤施用其營養細胞懸浮液，均能減緩灰黴病的發病程度，指出本菌株具有生物防治之潛力，故本研究進一步分析多黏類芽孢桿菌對草莓炭疽病之防治效力，並探討其作用機制。透過植體上之防治試驗發現於草莓葉部或冠部預先處理多黏類芽孢桿菌菌液，可降低該部位之炭疽病發病程度。另一方面，從生體外試驗得知，多黏類芽孢桿菌對炭疽病菌之菌絲生長與孢子發芽具有明顯的抑制效果，故多黏類芽孢桿菌可能藉由直接抑制炭疽病菌以防治草莓炭疽病。進一步以逆相高效能液相層析法分離多黏類芽孢桿菌所產生的抗菌活性物質，並以基質輔助雷射脫附游離質譜技術進行成份鑑定，結果顯示多黏類芽孢桿菌應可透過外泌殺鐮孢菌素(fusaricidins)類似物質抑制炭疽病菌之生長。此外，將多黏類芽孢桿菌之菌液處理草莓的葉部或是根部，也可以誘發草莓未處理葉部對炭疽病的系統抗病性，降低炭疽病菌發病的程度。而多黏類芽孢桿菌明顯誘導草莓抗性之效力至少可維持五天，最低有效誘導濃度為2 × 107 CFU/mL。後續以苯胺藍對草莓葉部染色，發現預先處理多黏類芽孢桿菌能在接種炭疽病後二至四天觀察到較對照組高量的癒傷葡聚糖沉積。而且多黏類芽孢桿菌於接種炭疽病菌前二至四天處理，在接種炭疽病菌後所誘發癒傷葡聚糖的沉積量最大。於葉片發現預先處理多黏類芽孢桿菌在接種炭疽病菌後4、8、12、24小時可觀察到較對照組高量的活性氧物質。綜合上述結果說明多黏類芽孢桿菌可藉由直接抑制病原菌或是誘發植物系統抗病性，減緩草莓炭疽病的發病程度。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T16:08:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-104-R02633001-1.pdf: 3187914 bytes, checksum: a716a4a2a326fe4ff0f33026945a49c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
壹、中文摘要 1 貳、英文摘要 2 參、前言 4 肆、前人研究 6 一、臺灣草莓產業沿革 6 二、草莓炭疽病 8 三、生物防治細菌 9 四、多黏類芽孢桿菌(Paenibacillus polymyxa) 11 伍、材料與方法 14 一、供試菌株之培養及保存 14 1. 供試細菌菌株之培養及保存 14 2. 供試真菌菌株之培養及保存 14 二、草莓植株之栽培條件 15 三、罹病指數計量方式及統計分析方法 15 1. 地上部罹病指數之計量 15 2. 冠部罹病指數之計量 15 3. 統計分析方法 16 四、於接種處以TP3菌株防治草莓炭疽病之溫室試驗 16 1. 草莓地上部處理TP3菌液之防治試驗 16 2. 草莓冠部處理TP3菌液之防治試驗 16 五、抑菌試驗 17 1. 細菌菌株與炭疽病菌之對峙培養 17 2. TP3菌株培養上清液對炭疽病菌孢子發芽抑制試驗 17 3. TP3菌株之揮發性氣體對炭疽病菌生長抑制試驗 17 六、TP3菌株外泌性抗菌物質分析 18 1. 以高效液相層析法與基質輔助雷射脫附游離飛行時間質譜儀分析TP3菌株於523固態培養基產生之抗菌物質 18 2. 以影像質譜法分析TP3菌株於PDA之外泌性抗菌物質分佈 19 七、TP3菌株誘導草莓抗病性之溫室防治試驗 20 1. 以葉部與葉柄處理TP3防治未處理葉部與葉柄的草莓炭疽病試驗……………………………………………………………………. 20 2. 根圈處理TP3防治葉部與葉柄草莓炭疽病之試驗 20 3. 葉部與葉柄處理TP3防治根冠草莓炭疽病之試驗 20 4. 根圈處理TP3防治根冠草莓炭疽病之試驗 21 5. 不同時間點根圈處理TP3防治葉部與葉柄草莓炭疽病之試驗…………………………………………………………………… 21 6. 不同濃度根圈處理TP3防治葉部與葉柄草莓炭疽病之試驗 22 八、以組織化學染色法檢測草莓防禦反應 22 1. 草莓葉部癒傷葡聚糖(callose)沉積的檢測 22 2. 草莓葉部活性氧物質(reactive oxygen species, ROS)檢測 23 陸、結果 24 一、P. polymyxa TP3能夠防治草莓炭疽病 24 二、P. polymyxa TP3在體外展現抑制炭疽病菌的活性 24 三、P. polymyxa TP3的外泌性物質能夠抑制炭疽病菌孢子發芽 25 四、P. polymyxa TP3的揮發性氣體不影響炭疽病菌的生長 25 五、P. polymyxa TP3的有機萃取物具有抑制炭疽病菌的活性 26 六、P. polymyxa TP3的部分逆向高效液相層析分液具有抑菌活性 26 七、P. polymyxa TP3透過殺鐮孢菌素類之抗生素拮抗炭疽病菌 26 八、以影像質譜分析P. polymyxa TP3與炭疽病菌對峙培養時產生的外泌抗菌物質 27 九、P. polymyxa TP3處理誘發草莓對炭疽病的系統抗病性 27 十、不同時間點處理P. polymyxa TP3誘發草莓對炭疽病的系統抗病性………………………………………………………………………… 28 十一、以不同濃度P. polymyxa TP3處理誘發草莓對炭疽病的系統抗病性………………………………………………………………………… 28 十二、P. polymyxa TP3處理誘發草莓之癒傷葡聚糖沉積 29 十三、P. polymyxa TP3處理誘發草莓之活性氧物質累積 29 柒、討論 31 捌、參考文獻 39 玖、圖表集 51 圖一、草莓葉部與葉柄受炭疽病菌感染之罹病指數示意圖 52 圖二、草莓冠部受炭疽病菌感染之罹病指數示意圖 53 圖三、P. polymyxa TP3於草莓葉部與葉柄處原位防治C. gloeosporioides之效果 54 圖四、P. polymyxa TP3於草莓冠部原位防治C. gloeosporioides之效果………………………………………………………………………… 55 圖五、P. polymyxa TP3抑制C. gloeosporioides菌絲之生長 56 圖六、P. polymyxa TP3之培養上清液抑制C. gloeosporioides之孢子發芽………………………………………………………………………… 58 圖七、P. polymyxa TP3於不同培養基所產生的揮發性氣體對C. gloeosporioides菌絲生長的影響 59 圖八、P. polymyxa TP3之ACN萃取物抑制C. gloeosporioides之菌落生長 60 圖九、P. polymyxa TP3之逆相高效液相層析分液對C. gloeosporioides菌絲生長的影響 61 圖十、使用MALDI-TOF質譜鑑定P. polymyxa TP3之逆相高效液相層析分液中的抗菌物質 63 圖十一、P. polymyxa TP3與C. gloeosporioides對峙培養之基質輔助雷射脫附游離影像質譜 64 圖十二、P. polymyxa TP3的葉面噴灑與土壤澆灌處理誘發草莓的未處理葉對C. gloeosporioides之抗性 65 圖十三、P. polymyxa TP3的葉面噴灑與土壤澆灌處理誘發草莓根冠對C. gloeosporioides之抗性 66 圖十四、於接種C. gloeosporioides前或後土壤澆灌P. polymyxa TP3對草莓葉部與葉柄之炭疽病防治效果 67 圖十五、不同濃度P. polymyxa TP3土壤澆灌處理誘發草莓葉部與葉柄對C. gloeosporioides之抗性 68 圖十六、P. polymyxa TP3誘導草莓葉部感染炭疽病菌後之癒傷葡聚糖沉積 69 圖十七、不同時間前處理P. polymyxa TP3誘導草莓葉部感染炭疽病菌後之癒傷葡聚糖沉積 70 圖十八、P. polymyxa TP3誘導草莓葉部感染炭疽病菌後之活性氧分子累積 71 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 活性氧物質 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 草莓炭疽病 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 多黏類芽孢桿菌 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 生物防治 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 殺鐮孢菌素 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 誘導系統抗病性 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 癒傷葡聚糖 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | fusaricidins | en |
| dc.subject | reactive oxygen species | en |
| dc.subject | callose | en |
| dc.subject | induced systemic resistance | en |
| dc.subject | Strawberry anthracnose | en |
| dc.subject | Paenibacillus polymyxa | en |
| dc.subject | biocontrol | en |
| dc.title | 利用多黏類芽孢桿菌防治草莓炭疽病 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Paenibacillus polymyxa as a biocontrol agent against strawberry anthracnose | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 103-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 楊玉良,黃健瑞,吳文希,洪挺軒 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 草莓炭疽病,多黏類芽孢桿菌,生物防治,殺鐮孢菌素,誘導系統抗病性,癒傷葡聚糖,活性氧物質, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Strawberry anthracnose,Paenibacillus polymyxa,biocontrol,fusaricidins,induced systemic resistance,callose,reactive oxygen species, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 71 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2015-08-19 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 植物病理與微生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 植物病理與微生物學系 | |
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