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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 陳昭瑩(Chao-Ying Chen) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Shu-Yu Chang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 張淑瑜 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T16:08:39Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2017-09-01 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2015-08-28 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2015 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2015-08-19 | |
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J. 322:681-692. 134. Yamada, S., Kano, A., Tamaoki, D., Miyamoto, A., Shishido, H., Miyoshi, S., Taniguchi, S., Akimitsu, K., and Gomi, K. 2012. Involvement of OsJAZ8 in jasmonate-induced resistance to bacterial blight in rice. Plant Cell Physiol. 53:2060-2072. 135. Yan, Y., Christensen, S., Isakeit, T., Engelberth, J., Meeley, R., Hayward, A., Emery, R. J., and Kolomiets, M. V. 2012. Disruption of OPR7 and OPR8 reveals the versatile functions of jasmonic acid in maize development and defense. Plant Cell 24:1420-1436. 136. Yang, Y., Qi, M., and Mei, C. 2004. Endogenous salicylic acid protects rice plants from oxidative damage caused by aging as well as biotic and abiotic stress. Plant J. 40:909-919. 137. Yazawa, K., Jiang, C.-J., Kojima, M., Sakakibara, H., and Takatsuji H. 2012. Reduction of abscisic acid levels or inhibition of abscisic acid signaling in rice during the early phase of Magnaporthe oryzae infection decreases its susceptibility to the fungus. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 78:1-7. 138. Ye, Y. F., Li, Q. Q., Fu, G., Yuan, G. Q., Miao, J. H., and Lin, W. 2012. Identification of antifungal substance (Iturin A2) produced by Bacillus subtilis B47 and its effect on southern corn leaf blight. J. Integr. Agr. 11:90-99. 139. Yoder, O. C. 1980. Toxins in pathogenesis. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 18:103-129. 140. Yoder, O. C. 1988. Cochliobolus heterostrophus, cause of southern corn leaf blight. Adv. Plant Pathol. 6:93–112. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/52148 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 玉米為單子葉禾本科植物，為目前世界重要的糧食及飼料作物，具高度經濟價值；在臺灣，玉米常見的病害有紋枯病、銹病、露菌病，以及南方玉米葉枯病。南方玉米葉枯病由病原真菌Cochliobolus heterostrophus所引起，其孢子可藉空氣傳播，玉米受到感染後，病斑可快速擴展相連致使葉片枯死，對產量有顯著影響，目前以抗病品種或施用錳乃浦藥劑為主要防治方式。本研究室使用能誘導百合抗灰黴病之臘狀芽孢桿菌Bacillus cereus C1L防治玉米葉枯病，已於田間試驗指出，定期於玉米根圈澆灌C1L菌液對葉枯病有良好的防治效果。本研究在基因表現與顯微層次探討C1L菌株誘導玉米系統性抗葉枯病之機制。C1L菌株或其培養後產生之氣體分子二甲基二硫醚處理組之玉米葉片的抗壞血酸過氧化物酶基因與酚類化合物合成相關之苯丙胺酸氨解酶基因皆於葉枯病菌接種後，表現量有提前上升的情形。由組織化學染色結果得知，玉米根圈處理C1L菌株後接種葉枯病菌，葉表細胞癒傷葡聚糖及酚類化合物之累積增加；而過氧化氫累積量較對照組低，顯示具較優之抗氧化力。其次，探討植物荷爾蒙誘導物及荷爾蒙生合成抑制劑對玉米葉枯病罹病程度的影響，發現外施乙烯生合成抑制劑艾微激素能降低感染葉枯病之病斑大小；並以玉米已知之荷爾蒙誘導性標誌基因作為偵測目標的反轉錄聚合酶連鎖反應結果指出，C1L菌株處理致使葉片EIN2基因表現量呈下降趨勢，故C1L菌株可能藉由抑制乙烯路徑增加植物抗病性。另一方面，以基因微陣列分析及酵素活性測試指出，C1L菌株處理可誘發玉米罹病葉片提高一系列穀胱甘肽轉移酶相關基因及活性表現，暗示C1L菌株可透過增強植物解毒能力，提升其對葉枯病之抗性。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Corn is one of the most important crops in the world since it is a staple food of many people and animals. Southern corn leaf blight (SCLB) is caused by the air-borne fungal pathogen Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Infected lesions expand and merge rapidly, cauing corn leaves shrivel and ultimately end up with low yield. Foliar spray with fungicide Maneb is a usual measure of disease control. Previous field trials had shown Bacillus cereus C1L application in corn rhizosphere suppressed SCLB disease severity. This research attempts to demonstrate possible defense mechanisms involved in C1L-induced systemic resistance to SCLB by gene expression analysis and microscopical examination. Gene expressions of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (cAPX) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) increased earlier and to higher level in the C1L- and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS)-treated corn leaves after pathogen inoculation as compared with the control. In addition, through histochemical staining, lower H2O2, more phenolic compounds, and increased callose deposition were observed in the C1L- and DMDS-treated corn leave than the control after inoculation with C. heterostrophus. In addition, since lesion sizes were significantly reduced by application of ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor Retain® and the ethylene-inducible EIN2 gene were down regulated in the leaves by C1L treatment, it appears that strain C1L can prevent the disease by suppressing ethylene pathway. On the other hand, increased expression of glutathione transferase genes and activities in C. heterostrophus-inoculated leaves were observed in microarray analysis and GST activity assay, suggesting that strain C1L could build disease resistance capacity through enhancing detoxification in maize. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T16:08:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-104-R99633006-1.pdf: 2761774 bytes, checksum: ec48a9114b6040ef2a323881a1cbeca6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要 II
英文摘要 III 壹、前言 1 貳、前人研究 3 一、南方玉米葉枯病 3 二、植物系統抗病性 4 三、誘導植物產生抗性之微生物訊息分子 (elicitor or signal molecules ) 6 四、植物活性氧分子、抗氧化能力與抗病之關係 7 五、有益根圈細菌參與植物荷爾蒙調節 8 六、抗病相關荷爾蒙於單子葉植物上之功能 8 七、轉錄體應用於ISR之研究 11 參、材料與方法 13 一、供試植株與菌株 13 二、玉米根圈處理 14 三、玉米葉盤添加藥劑處理 14 四、玉米葉枯病菌接種 15 五、罹病嚴重度與統計方式 16 六、組織染色與觀察 16 七、植物酵素活性測試 17 八、本研究所使用之藥劑對孢子萌芽影響測試 18 九、基因表現探討 19 十、C1L菌株與乙烯前驅物與發芽玉米共培養測試 21 十一、C1L利用ACC為氮源能力測試 22 肆、結果 23 一、C1L 菌株對玉米之誘導抗病作用 23 二、C1L菌株對罹病玉米葉片癒傷葡聚糖累積之影響 23 三、C1L菌株/DMDS對罹病玉米葉片酚類化合物累積之影響 24 四、C1L菌株/DMDS對罹病玉米葉片過氧化氫累積之影響 25 五、植物荷爾蒙對玉米葉枯病罹病之影響 26 六、C1L培養稀釋液處理對玉米葉片MPK3、EIN2基因之調控 27 七、C1L與乙烯前驅物質共處理對玉米根部長度影響測試 27 八、C1L分解植物乙烯前驅物質之能力測試 28 九、C1L對玉米接種葉枯病菌後全基因表現影響探討 28 十、C1L對罹病玉米葉片總榖胱甘肽硫轉移酶(GST)基因表現及活性影響 29 伍、討論 31 陸、參考文獻 38 柒、圖表集 55 表一、本研究使用之引子對序列 56 表二、訊號1.5倍差異以上之穀胱甘肽轉移酶相關基因 57 圖一、溫室試驗處理 C1L菌株於玉米根圈對葉枯病之防治效果 58 圖二、DMDS 根圈澆灌對玉米葉枯病之保護效果持續性 59 圖三、C1L 菌株對玉米葉片癒傷葡聚糖累積之影響 60 圖四、C1L 菌株與DMDS處理對玉米葉片PAL基因表現之影響 61 圖五、C1L 菌株與DMDS處理對罹病玉米葉片PAL酵素活性之影響 62 圖六、C1L 菌株與DMDS處理對罹病玉米葉片酚類化合物累積之影響 63 圖七、玉米葉片二苯基碘處理對病斑面積及過氧化氫累積之影響 64 圖八、C1L菌株與DMDS處理對玉米罹病葉片過氧化氫累積之影響 65 圖九、C1L 菌株與DMDS處理對玉米葉片cAPX基因表現之影響 66 圖十、抑制劑對玉米葉枯病菌孢子萌芽之影響測試 67 圖十一、外施植物荷爾蒙對玉米葉枯病病斑發展之影響(葉盤試驗) 68 圖十二、施用植物荷爾蒙抑制劑對玉米葉枯病病斑發展之影響 69 圖十三、C1L菌株處理對玉米葉片荷爾蒙反應標誌基因相對表現之影響 70 圖十四、C1L菌株與乙烯前驅物質ACC處理對玉米根部長度影響 71 圖十五、C1L菌株利用乙烯前驅物質ACC能力測試 72 圖十六、C1L菌株處理誘導罹病玉米葉片差異性表現之基因分群 73 圖十七、C1L誘導罹病玉米葉片基於生物性程序及分子功能之正調控基因分群 74 圖十八、榖胱甘肽硫轉移酶抑制劑對玉米葉枯病菌病徵發展影響 75 圖十九、C1L處理對接種葉片榖胱甘肽硫轉移酶(GST31)基因表現之影響 76 圖二十、C1L處理對接種葉枯病菌後玉米葉片GST酵素活性之影響 77 捌、附錄 78 附錄一、Dworkin and Foster's (DF) 培養基之配方 79 附錄二、玉米葉片過氧化氫含量分析 80 附錄三、DMDS揮發氣體對玉米葉枯病孢子萌芽及菌絲抑制測試 81 附錄四、C1L處理後抗病相關路徑基因表現分析(microarray) 82 附錄五、外施植物荷爾蒙對玉米葉枯病病斑發展之影響(盆植試驗) 87 附錄六、本研究相關基因於晶片訊號分析 88 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 臘狀芽孢桿菌誘導玉米系統性抗葉枯病之機制研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | The mechanism study of Bacillus cereus-induced systemic resistance against southern corn leaf blight | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 103-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 黃祥恩,劉力瑜,沈偉強,鍾嘉綾 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 誘導抗病性,南方玉米葉枯病,臘狀芽孢桿菌,根圈細菌,生物防治, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Induced systemic resistance (ISR),Cochliobolus heterostrophus,Bacillus cereus,rhizobacteria,biocontrol, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 88 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2015-08-19 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 植物病理與微生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 植物病理與微生物學系 | |
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