M2M系統中支援服務品質之異質網路路由機制之設計與實作

Abstract

大部分的機器對機器系統（Machine-to-Machine systems）使用單一的通訊界面來進行溝通。然而不同種類的通訊界面有各自的特色。舉例來說，Wi-Fi的傳輸量大但是很耗電，ZigBee和Z-Wave傳輸量較低但是也較省電。因此若在M2M系統中佈建異質網路環境，可以讓上層的應用程式根據需求使用不同的通訊界面務。除此之外，隨著物聯網的興起，未來M2M系統的應用程式範圍可能包羅萬象，隨之而來的就是服務品質（QoS）需求的多樣性。滿足應用程式多樣性的服務品質需求也是M2M系統的重點之一。因此，我們的目標是設計並實作，一個運行在M2M系統的異質網路中，支援QoS的路由機制。應用程式依據需求設定QoS，我們的路由機制會根據QoS需求作路由決定。我們的路由機制會盡力達成要求，如果無法滿足應用程式的要求，訊息會被丟棄以保留網路頻寬。因為通常M2M系統中機器的硬體設備都不佳，像是記憶體容量很小等等，因此我們的路由機制不會儲存完整的路由表，取而代之的是少量的路由資訊，用來協助機器做出更準確的判斷。網路節點的機動性和節點的損壞也都是我們的路由機制的需要注意的重點。

Most Machine-to-Machine(M2M) systems use single radio for communication. However, different types of radios have different characteristics. For example, ZigBee and Z-Wave are low-cost, low-power whileWi-Fi is just the opposite. Heterogeneous network can provide various communication service to upper-layer applications. In addition, applications in M2M systems might cover and contain many different types of devices in the future, and this leads to various quality of service (QoS) requirements of applications. Hence, meeting a variety of QoS requirements is also an important issue in M2M systems. Therefore, our goal is to design and implement meta-routing with QoS support over heterogeneous network in M2M systems. Applications can set their own QoS requirement, and our meta-routing will make route decision based on those requirements. The best effort approach is used to satisfy QoS requirements. If the requirements can not be met, the transmission will be abandoned to save network bandwidth. Since devices in M2M systems usually have resource-limited hardware, such as small memory space, our work keeps minimum routing information on individual device instead of global routing tables. The node failure and node mobility are also taken care in our work to keep the quality of transmission.