從研究評鑑的觀點來看學術專書的問題：以社會學在台灣為例

Abstract

近年大學評鑑議題的興起，如何合宜地評鑑系所、學門和個別學者的學術表現，成為學術界重要的議題。人文學與社會科學在研究主題、特性和產出形式與自然科學迥異，其評鑑方式應與自然科學有所不同。人文學與社會科學尤其重視學術專書作為研究產出，歷來卻缺乏對專書評鑑的相關研究，本研究目的即了解學者在研究評鑑中的專書經驗，以及綜整學者現行專書評鑑的看法和解決建議。 本研究採取訪談法，訪談十四位我國社會學學者，瞭解其對專書寫作與研究評鑑的看法、寫作和出版專書的經驗、對專書審查的意見，以及對社會學學門整體評鑑制度的想法。 研究結果發現，受訪者認為專書在研究評鑑制度中未受到肯定，在自然科學評鑑模式、SSCI與TSSCI制度、英文出版的評鑑趨勢之下，整體升等或獎勵辦法對於（中文）專書的書寫與出版刺激效果相當有限。就社會學學者的專書寫作與出版經驗，發現撰寫專書的原因相當多元，但與升等、獎勵制度的因素關聯較為有限；而在專書的寫作與出版過程當中，會面臨來自學校評鑑壓力與找尋出版社等不同的困難。就專書審查制度，審查者和被審查者會面臨不同的困境，受訪者針對建立透明、公正的審書制度，提出多種的解決建議。就社會學學門整體評鑑制度，受訪者也給予了不同的改進建議。本研究最後針對學術專書書寫者、學術出版界，以及各學術主管機關予以不同建議，以期有助未來學術專書的發表與評鑑制度上的修正。

The issue of university research evaluation, which concerns the appropriate evaluation of departments, disciplines and researchers, has become an important topic in the academic community. The research topics, characteristics and research outputs of the humanities and social sciences (HSS) are different from that of the natural sciences (NS), therefore, the evaluation methods used in the HSS and NS may also differ. Scholarly monographs are highly valued research outputs in the humanities and social sciences. However, there is a lack of discussion on the evaluation of scholarly monographs in the scientific literature. The purpose of this study is to understand the scholars’ experience of scholarly monographs in research evaluations, and to synthesize their opinions and recommended solutions for the current system of scholarly monograph evaluation. This study interviewed 14 sociologists in Taiwan to understand their perspectives on monograph writing and research evaluation, their experiences of the writing and publishing of scholarly monographs, their opinions on the reviewing of monographs and their thoughts on the various evaluation systems in the sociology discipline. The results show that respondents considered scholarly monographs undervalued in research evaluations. Under the prevailing evaluation systems that favor the natural sciences, the institution of SSCI (Social Science Citation Index) and TSSCI (Taiwan Social Science Citation Index) and English publishing, the various promotion systems and incentives have had limited stimulation on the writing and publishing of (Chinese) scholarly monographs. The reasons why sociologists write monographs are diverse, however, they have little correlation to the current promotion and reward systems. In the process of writing and publishing monographs, scholars may confront various challenges, such as pressure from the research evaluation of universities and difficulties in finding an academic press. In the monograph reviewing system, reviewers and reviewees are faced with varying problems, and the interviewees provided various suggestions on establishing a transparent and fair monograph reviewing system. The interviewees also offered advice on the improvement of various evaluation systems in the sociology discipline. In conclusion, this study provides specific suggestions to monograph writers, the academic presses and the administrators of various academic institutions, in hopes of contributing to the publication of scholarly monographs and the improvement of research evaluation systems.