辦公室室內裝修工項建材碳足跡評估之研究

Abstract

近年來節能減碳已是世界各國對挽救地球環境危機的統一目標，也是各企業間對永續發展的競爭指標，建築產業減碳是降低環境負荷不可或缺的一環，於建築物生命週期中室內裝修工程之二氧化碳排放量也佔著不容忽視的角色，本研究以辦公室室內裝修工程工項建材碳足跡分析作為專案裝修行為中建材之使用對地球環境負荷之評估。 本研究將辦公室室內裝修工程依業界慣用之報價及施工分項，共分為六大工項﹕1.天花工程、2.隔間工程、3.牆面工程、4.地坪工程、5.固定木作工程、6.門扇工程，由六大工項彙整出常用的一百餘項施工項目加以分析其組成建材，引用既有文獻中的建材資料庫數據，延伸建立辦公室室內裝修工程適用的建材碳排資料庫及施工工項碳排資料庫。 利用二十個面積大小不一的已裝修完成的辦公室室內裝修案例計算，分析案例之二氧化碳排放總量、六大工項碳排百分比及其單位面積排放量，計算專案工項建材對環境負荷量。並透過專家問卷方式統計出六大工項之評估標準工項，將案例實際碳排放量和標準碳排放量相互比較找出專案減碳熱點。 經案例分析結果顯示專案面積大小及隔間數量多寡並不直接影響專案之二氧化碳總排放量，真正影響二氧化碳總排放量的主要原因在於材料及工法的選擇。本研究主要之目的並非取得每項建材皆為最低碳之辦公室室內裝修工程，而是在合於使用機能的前提下使用最低碳之建材及工法。在環境及使用機能上取得一個平衡點，有利專案於設計階段即可在編列預算的同時可計算出專案的二氧化碳排放量，分析出六大工項其二氧化碳排量於專案中所佔之權重，做為專案二氧化碳排放量評估及減量之依據。

For decades, energy conservation and carbon emission reduction have been the critical part in achieving environment sustainability in the world, as well as an essential review index of business competitiveness. The carbon emission reduction on building industry is crucial to soften impact on the environment. Interior fit-out material carbon emission is part of the life cycle of a building that should not be overlooked. The research throughout this year focuses on the analysis of environmental impact of interior fit-out materials carbon footprint, especially on office type. By usual practice and quotation categorizing, this study divides interior fit-out construction into 6 main categories: 1. Ceiling work, 2. Partitions work, 3. Walls finish work, 4. Floors finish work, 5. Joinery work, 6. Doors work. These 6 main categories can be subdivided into more than 100 subcategories, furthermore to be subdivided into much more material components. Most data regarding carbon emission and carbon footprint used in this study are quoted from building material documents and references. This study has endeavored to set up a platform with usable data of interior material carbon emissions related to the above mentioned categories and components. By calculation of carbon dioxide emissions and unit emissions of more than 20 built cases with varied spaces based on office type, conclusion can be reached how the carbon emissions on 6 main categories impact our living environment. Additionally, through questionnaires to experts, a standard evaluation criterion with statistic has been set up on 6 main categories. Cross comparing the carbon emissions between this criterion and the built cases, the best hot zones of carbon emission reduction can be found. Based on the result of case studies, the major factor affecting carbon emission is not the size of construction space and partitions, but the materials used and construction methods. The intension of this study is not to find materials with lowest carbon emission to be the best choice on office fit-out, but to provide a method and criterion with comparable references for industry to choose the right materials suitable to space requirement and with low impact on environment. Accordingly, designer can easily get the right choice of materials based on 6 main categories with relative low carbon emissions under budget at first stage of design.