凹凸面式視差障壁型裸眼式立體顯示器設計之研究

Abstract

顯示影像的方式從一般平面2D顯示器進展到3D立體顯示器，在硬體不斷的研發進步的幫助之下，立體影像技術不斷提升，其中又以裸眼式3D立體顯示技術最為市場所廣泛接受，其擁有不需配戴眼鏡的優勢，且使用彈性較高。近年來可撓式顯示器的崛起，使得顯示器不只局限於平面，其便攜性更進一步帶起穿戴式顯示器的研究與市場，使得智慧手錶、曲面手機等愈受人們所重視，因此，曲面顯示器的研究就逐漸重要，曲面顯示器又可依彎曲方向分為凹面式顯示器與凸面式顯示器，凸面顯示器可提供環物體驗，凹面顯示器則具有環場的效果，提供更為舒適、符合人眼觀看的自然視覺，因此更可以期待曲面式裸眼式顯示器的未來發展。 對裸眼式3D立體顯示器而言，觀賞位置與在觀賞位置附近的可移動範圍強烈影響觀賞品質；觀賞視域(Viewing Zone)描述在顯示器前，觀賞者可體驗3D視覺感受的可移動範圍。而就曲面式來說，曲率半徑以及螢幕的大小影響觀看的相對曲率，曲率半徑不同時，顯示器提供的空間光分佈隨之改變，對於以分光達到將不同視差影像送進左右眼的立體顯示器，是影響觀賞影像品質的關鍵因素。 本文藉由調變曲率半徑，分別探討凹面及凸面對於小型螢幕(行動裝置為主)、中型螢幕(桌上型顯示器為主)以及大型螢幕(電視為主)下觀賞視域大小與位置的影響，由研究結果可以得知，凹面式與凸面式在觀賞視域的位置與排列為相反狀態，而對於小型與中型螢幕而言，凹面式與凸面式皆可以依用途不同而選擇使用，而大型螢幕則是凹面式為較好的選擇，凸面式目前未優化前仍不適合使用；對於凹面式及凸面式顯示器的不同觀看限制條件也在本文中有所研究。本篇論文的研究將提供未來可彎曲式基板結合3D顯示器領域參數設計的參考，回饋規格設計製造端。

Among the 3D imaging technology, the auto-stereoscopic 3D display technology has generally accepted because of its advantages about no need to wear glasses and various use. In recent years, the rise of flexible display make wearable displays and curved displays spring up, such as smart watch and curved smart phone and the research of the curved display is more important. Based on the bending direction, Curved displays are divided into concave-type displays and convex-type displays and provide the more natural and comfortable visual experience. The concave-type displays provide the effect of Panorama image and the convex-type provide the effect of Surrounding image. Therefore, the curved auto-stereoscopic display is highly expected in the future. For an auto-stereoscopic display, viewing position and the movable range for observers strongly affect image quality. Viewing zone describes the range that an observer could move while experiencing 3D images in front of the display. Regarding a curved auto-stereoscopic display, radius of curvature and width of the screen determine the relative degree of bending, by which the spacial light distribution is determined. In addition, this is a key factor influencing image quality, especially for the display which directs the views for left and right eyes based on binocular parallax. In this thesis, we investigate the effect of viewing zones with concave-type and convex-type in small size displays(such as mobile devices), medium size displays(such as desktop monitors) and large size displays(such as televisions) by modulating the radius of curvature. According to the results, both concave-type and convex-type can be applied for small size displays and medium size displays by different use, and the concave-type is better than convex-type for large size displays. Meanwhile, the limitation factors of the concave-type and convex-type are studied in this thesis. The purpose of this thesis is to provide a reference for designing the parameters of curved auto-stereoscopic displays in the future.