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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 顏瑞泓(Jui-Hung Yen) | |
dc.contributor.author | Ying-Ting Liu | en |
dc.contributor.author | 劉映廷 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T11:10:03Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2022-03-06 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2017-03-06 | |
dc.date.issued | 2016 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2016-10-04 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/48837 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 本研究從台北市文山區的茶園土壤中篩選出具拮抗植物病原菌潛力的液化澱粉芽孢桿菌 TG4 (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, TG4),於培養基試驗,顯著抑制落花生白絹病 (Sclerotium rolfsii) 與冠腐病 (Aspergillus niger) 的菌絲生長。落花生白絹病喜高溫多濕,常發生在雨季及灌溉排水不良時,造成植株萎凋、枯死及果莢腐爛,影響產量損失可高達 80%,其寄生範圍廣,休耕、輪作亦無顯著效果。落花生冠腐病能在土壤與作物殘體上存活,種子攜帶病原菌為主要感染源,造成幼苗猝倒、成株萎凋,目前未有適當防治藥劑。為測試液化澱粉芽孢桿菌 TG4 的防治能力,進行生物防治試驗,澆灌液化澱粉芽孢桿菌懸浮液於土壤中,再接種白絹病或冠腐病於落花生幼苗,液化澱粉芽孢桿菌 Ba-BPD1 (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Ba-BPD1) 與白絹病之推薦藥劑撲滅寧 (Procymidone) 作為對照組,並且利用變性梯度膠體電泳 (Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis,DGGE),比較不同處理之間土壤的細菌菌相變化。液化澱粉芽孢桿菌 TG4 可分泌纖維素分解酵素 (Cellulase) 與抗生物質伊枯草菌素A (Iturin A)、表面活性素 (Surfactin),其細菌培養液與分泌物質皆可抑制落花生白絹病及冠腐病的菌絲生長,伊枯草菌素A 可能為拮抗原因之一。生物防治試驗結果顯示撲滅寧防治白絹病的效果最佳,其次為液化澱粉芽孢桿菌 Ba-BPD1;液化澱粉芽孢桿菌 TG4 防治冠腐病的效果最佳,顯著降低病害的嚴重程度。添加液化澱粉芽孢桿菌懸浮液於土壤中二週後,土壤中的細菌菌相沒有明顯變化,液化澱粉芽孢桿菌不影響土壤的細菌菌相。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | In this study, B. amyloliquefaciens TG4 was isolated from soil of the tea garden in Taipei city, it obviously inhibited fungal growth of Sclerotium rolfsii and Aspergillus niger in the antagonistic test. S. rolfsii is a major disease of peanut and prefers to warm and moist environment. Rainy days and excessive irrigation often cause symptoms, injured plants wither and occur rotten pods. The maximum loss of quantity is up to 80%. Since pathogens have broad host range, fallowing and crop rotation could not control it effectively. A. niger is a minor disease of peanut. Pathogens could exist in soil, crop residues and seeds. Injured seedlings lodge. There is no recommended fungicide for this disease. In order to test potential for biological control of B. amyloliquefaciens TG4, pouring bacterial suspension into soil, and then inoculating pathogens to peanut seedlings. B. amyloliquefaciens Ba-BPD1 and fungicide Procymidone are the other treatment. DGGE is used to discuss bacterial diversity in soil. B. amyloliquefaciens TG4 could generate cellulase, iturin A and surfactin. Incubated broth and supernatant of B. amyloliquefaciens could inhibit fungal growth f Sclerotium rolfsii and Aspergillus niger in the antagonistic test, iturin A may be one of the disease resistance mechanism. In the biological control experiment, using Procymidone is the best way to inhibit Sclerotium rolfsii. Pouring B. amyloliquefaciens Ba-BPD1 is secondly recommended. Pouring B. amyloliquefaciens TG4 is the best way to inhibit Aspergillus niger. After pouring bacterial suspension into soil for two weeks, B. amyloliquefaciens TG4 and B. amyloliquefaciens Ba-BPD1 both do not effect bacterial flora in soil. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T11:10:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-105-R03645007-1.pdf: 2281904 bytes, checksum: 2f6119089139b3e6d221d1178fdbcc9a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 I
摘要 II Abstract III 圖目錄 VIII 表目錄 IX 一、前言 1 (一) 落花生 1 1. 經濟重要性 1 2. 栽培特性 1 3. 抗感病品種 2 (二) 落花生白絹病 (Sclerotium rolfsii) 2 1. 病徵 2 2. 發生生態 2 3. 防治方法 3 (三) 落花生冠腐病 (Aspergillus niger) 3 1. 病徵 3 2. 發生生態 3 3. 防治方法 4 (四) 其他落花生主要病蟲害 4 1. 主要病害 4 2. 主要蟲害 5 (五) 液化澱粉芽孢桿菌之特性 5 (六) 液化澱粉芽孢桿菌於植物保護之應用 5 (七) 微生物農藥對土壤中細菌菌相之影響 7 二、研究目的 8 三、 材料與方法 9 (一) 試驗流程 9 (二) 材料與儀器 10 (三) 菌株來源與培養 12 1. 液化澱粉芽孢桿菌 12 2. 白絹病 13 3. 冠腐病 13 4. 繼代保存 13 (四) 土壤 pH 值檢測 13 (五) 拮抗試驗 13 1. 植物病原真菌拮抗試驗 14 2. 植物病原細菌拮抗試驗 14 (六) 菌種鑑定 15 (七) 分解酵素 18 1. 幾丁質分解酵素 18 2. 纖維素分解酵素 18 (八) 抗生物質 19 1. 伊枯草菌素A 19 2. 表面活性素 19 (九) 液化澱粉芽孢桿菌分泌物質拮抗試驗 23 (十) 生物防治試驗 23 1. 接種液化澱粉芽孢桿菌 23 2. 施用殺菌劑 23 3. 接種病原菌 24 4. 生物防治試驗 26 (十一) 液化澱粉芽孢桿菌對土壤中細菌菌相之影響 27 四、結果與討論 30 (一) 土壤 pH 值檢測 30 (二) 拮抗試驗 30 1. 植物病原真菌拮抗試驗 30 2. 植物病原細菌拮抗試驗 31 (三) 菌種鑑定 35 (四) 分解酵素 39 1. 幾丁質分解酵素 39 2. 纖維素分解酵素 39 (五) 抗生物質 41 1. 伊枯草菌素A 41 2. 表面活性素 41 (六) 液化澱粉芽孢桿菌分泌物質拮抗試驗 44 (七) 生物防治試驗 46 (八) 液化澱粉芽孢桿菌對土壤中細菌菌相之影響 54 五、結論 60 六、參考文獻 61 七、附錄 67 (一)聚合酶連鎖反應 67 (二)變性梯度膠體電泳 69 (三)台灣登記許可之芽孢桿菌屬微生物農藥 71 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 應用液化澱粉芽孢桿菌防治落花生白絹病與冠腐病 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Application of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on control of Sclerotium rolfsii and Aspergillus niger in peanut | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 105-1 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 謝奉家(Feng-Chia Hsieh),洪挺軒(Ting-Hsuan Hung) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 冠腐病,液化澱粉芽孢桿菌,生物防治,落花生,白絹病, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Aspergillus niger,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,Biological control,Peanut,Sclerotium rolfsii, | en |
dc.relation.page | 71 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201603639 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2016-10-04 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 植物醫學碩士學位學程 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 植物醫學碩士學位學程 |
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