彈性與效率之調和：產業自動化公司與電腦公司個案研究

Abstract

摘要 目前針對產品跟企業組織的研究鮮少探討模組化設計在效率及彈性上對集團的資源使用及分配的管理對財務上利潤, 績效目標一致性及策略上控制的影響，因此本研究以在國際性企業裡,挑選兩間在其領域持續保有龍頭地位的公司為研究對象，探討其在模組化設計策略如何解決因彈性越高,而導致效率越低的問題在其集團策略與市場機制對企業組織設計及產品設計上資源控制的關係。 研究結果顯示: 模組化設計策略對集團的企業組織設計及產品設計上資源控制的關係有正向影響;資源共享程度對集團策略控制有正向影響，對企業財務控制亦有正向影響，在調和其彈性與效率上的衝突後對企業績效目標控制有正向影響。 企業採模組化設計策略會正向影響企業產品多元化與降低產品開發時間，調和其彈性與效率上的衝突後會正向影響企業產品市占率及企業創新能力。 關鍵字: 模組化, 彈性、效率, 主導性設計, 企業架構.

Abstract This thesis investigates the practice of reconciling flexibility and efficiency, with two companies in two distinct industries serving as the objects of enquiry. From this research, I also hope to understand if a company can build an infrastructure which will sustain superior product/service quality and effective response to market demand, and do so without additional costs. In addition, I will examine if there are any similarities between the two companies in regard to the way they achieved global leadership by applying the abovementioned principles and replicating a successful model. All complex products and organization structure can be decomposed into modular designs by applying the concept of core-peripheral components; these are defined as comprising a loosely coupled modular design. A model was adopted to illustrate the factors that influence modular systems, with the heterogeneity of both inputs and demands analyzed increases pressure for the system to become more modular; each reinforces the effects of the other. The modes of learning are also referenced to show the evolution of the interrelationships of product and organization design, processes for learning and managing knowledge, and competitive strategy. The process leading to modularity design involves creating a complete information structure to demonstrate the fully specified component interfaces of a modular product architecture used to manage and resolve sequential and overlapping problems. By facilitating the principles of reconciling flexibility and efficiency derived from these two case studies, the firms can thereby increase their strategic flexibility to respond to environmental changes. Keywords: Modularity, Flexibility, Efficiency, Dominant design and Organization structure.