模糊邏輯應用於質子交換膜燃料電池之溫度控制

Abstract

近年來，由於能源短缺，燃料電池已經成為一項不可或缺的替代能源，如何提升電池的效能是一項很重要的課題。燃料電池在操作時， 電池溫度會隨者負載的提高而上升，而溫度的提高將有助於加速電池內部化學反應，使得電池性能上升；然而當溫度過高時，反而會造成電池內部的膜乾化，使化學反應無法繼續進行而讓電池性能掉落。另外，過量的水冷供給亦會使得電池溫度下降，造成電池性能掉落。因此，如何維持適合的電池溫度使電池保持最佳性能是本研究的重點。 本論文利用模糊控制，將質子交換膜燃料電池的溫度控制在最佳溫度；藉由整合燃料電池平台，即時監控各項操作參數，將操作溫度擷取，經由模糊控制運算後，驅動水冷系統控制電池溫度，形成一個閉回路控制系統。實驗結果顯示，經由模糊控制，可將電池溫度控制在一小範圍內，使電池性能即使在負載變動下，輸出仍可保持穩定。

Due to the dwindling supply of fossil fuel, the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) has become a promising alternative energy source. It is a critical issue to improve the performance of the PEMFC stack. When operating the PEMFC stack, temperature rises as the load current increases. The elevated temperature directly affects the rate of chemical reactions so that the performance of the stack improved. However, the high temperature may result in dehydration of the membrane of PEMFC stack, and degrading its performance. Furthermore, overcooling the stack will reduce the rate of chemical reactions and cause the performance to drop. In this paper, a fuzzy logic control (FLC) is proposed to regulate the temperature in the PEMFC. By establishing a testing platform and monitoring the operating parameters in real time; the stack temperature is acquired for the FLC to manipulate, which directs the water pump to cool the stack. The results demonstrated that the temperature can be controlled within a suitable range, while the voltage response remained stable under load fluctuation.