漸進多焦式鏡片之自由曲面設計

Abstract

光學系統由各種光學元件所構成，例如透鏡及面鏡。為了達成各種不同的目的，設計時可以針對元件位置、材質、或是曲面形狀作調變以達成所需的效果。其中曲面形狀的調變是很值得探討的議題，早期的鏡面皆為球面，但是為了減少光學像差或其它目的，光學系統所採用的可能是非球面或是自由曲面，雖然在設計與製造上比球面鏡複雜許多，但由於電腦運算能力的增強與超精密加工技術的進步，使得非球面與自由曲面的應用越來越廣泛。為了追求更完美的光學系統，非球面與自由曲面的設計是很值得探討的。 本篇論文主要探討自由曲面應用於漸進多焦式鏡片設計。漸進多焦式鏡片將多種不同需求的度數設計於單一鏡片上，對於老花眼在觀看遠距離及近距離的景物時需求不同的度數，可以避免更換鏡片的需求。本文以B-spline曲面描述應用於漸進多焦式鏡片的自由曲面，並以最佳化的方式來達成設計要求。另外也製造出樣品量測證明設計的可行性。結果不僅在模擬及實驗上，皆證明了設計在可視區域範圍及柱狀像差的表現上，與市售產品相比，能有相等甚至更佳的表現。

Optical systems are composed by various of optical elements, such as lenses and mirrors. In order to achieve different purpose, positions, materials, and surface shapes of the optical elements can be regulated. Among these specifications, regulating surface shapes of the optical elements is an issue that is worth researching. In early age, the surface shapes of lens or mirrors are spherical. For the sake of decreasing optical aberrations or other purpose, aspherical or freeform surfaces may be adapted. Although it is more difficult to design or manufacture, progress of computer power and manufacture technology have made the applications of aspherical and freeform elements more and more various. In order to achieve better performance of optical systems, designing aspherical and freeform surfaces are worth more concerns. In the thesis, freeform surfaces are applied to progressive Addition lenses (PAL), A PAL can combine different requirements of diopter on one lens, avoiding the necessity of a presbyopic changing different pairs of spetacles while viewing far side and near side. B-spline surfaces are used to describe the freeform surfaces applied on PALs in the thesis. The designs are achieved by optimization. Sample PALs are also produced and measured to show the feasibility. The simulation and measurement result shows that the performance of view zone area and cylinder are equal or even better to modern products.