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DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 曾鈞懋(Chun-Mao Taeng) | |
dc.contributor.author | Chan-Ju Chang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 張蟬如 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T05:55:07Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2010-08-20 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2010-08-20 | |
dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2010-08-17 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 參考文獻
曾鈞懋(2003)汞物種自動超微量測定儀(AMSA),台灣專利。核準字號: 新型 209591。 曾鈞懋(2004)汞物種自動超微量測定儀(AMSA),大陸專利。核準字號: ZL 03237156.X Andersson, M. E., J. Sommar, K. Gårdfeldt, and O. Lindqvist (2008), Enhanced concentrations of dissolved gaseous mercury in the surface waters of the Arctic Ocean, Marine Chemistry, 110(3-4), 190-194. Fu, X., et al. (2010), Mercury in the marine boundary layer and seawater of the South China Sea: Concentrations, sea/air flux, and implication for land outflow, J. Geophys. Res., 115(D6), D06303. Gong, G.-C., Y.-L. Lee Chen, and K.-K. Liu (1996), Chemical hydrography and chlorophyll a distribution in the East China Sea in summer: implications in nutrient dynamics, Continental Shelf Research, 16(12), 1561-1590. Gong, G.-C., Y.-H. Wen, B.-W. Wang, and G.-J. Liu (2003), Seasonal variation of chlorophyll a concentration, primary production and environmental conditions in the subtropical East China Sea, Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 50(6-7), 1219-1236. Gong, G.-C., J. Chang, K.-P. Chiang, T.-M. Hsiung, C.-C. Hung, S.-W. Duan, and L. A. Codispoti (2006), Reduction of primary production and changing of nutrient ratio in the East China Sea: Effect of the Three Gorges Dam?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33(7), L07610. Jiao et al., 2007Jiao, Y. Zhang, Y.H. Zeng, W.D. Gardner, A.V. Mishonov, M.J. Richardson, N. Hong, D.L. Pan, X.H. Yan, Y.H. Jo, C.T.A. Chen, P.X. Wang, Y.T. Chen, H.S. Hong, Y. Bai, X.H. Chen, B.Q. Huang, H. Deng, Y. Shi and D.C. Yang, (2007) , Ecological anomalies in the East China Sea: impacts of the three Gorges dam?, Water Research , 41, 1287–1293. Kim, J. P., and W. F. FITZGERALD (1986), Sea-Air Partitioning of Mercury in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean, Science, 231(4742), 1131-1133. Kuss, J., and B. Schneider (2007), Variability of the Gaseous Elemental Mercury Sea–Air Flux of the Baltic Sea, Environmental Science & Technology, 41(23), 8018-8023. Lamborg, C. H., W. F. Fitzgerald, J. O'Donnell, and T. Torgersen (2002), A non-steady-state compartmental model of global-scale mercury biogeochemistry with interhemispheric atmospheric gradients, Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 66(7), 1105-1118. Laurier, F. J. G., R. P. Mason, L. Whalin, and S. Kato. (2003) , Reactive gaseous mercury formation in the North Pacific Ocean's marine boundary layer: A potential role of halogen chemistry, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (D17) , 4529. Liss, P.S., Slater, P.G., 1974. Flux of gases across the air–sea interface. Nature 247, 181–184. Liss, P.S., Merlivat, L., (1986). Air–sea gas exchange rates: introduction and synthesis. In: Buat-Menard, P. (Ed.), In the Role of Air–Sea Exchange in Geochemical Cycling. D.Reidel, Dodrecht, pp. 113–129. Mason, R. P., W. F. Fitzgerald, and F. M. M. Morel (1994), Aquatic biogeochemical cycling of elemental mercury : anthropogenic influences, Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 58(15), 3191-3198. Narukawa, M., M. Sakata, K. Marumoto, and K. Asakura (2006), Air-sea exchange of mercury in Tokyo Bay, J. Oceanogy, 62, 249-257. Slemr, F., and E. Langer (1992), Increase in global atmospheric concentrations of mercury inferred from measurements over the Atlantic Ocean, Nature, 355(6359), 434-437. Stein, E. D., Y. Cohen, and A. M. Winer (1996), Environmental distribution and transformation of mercury compounds, Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 26(1), 1-43. Sanemasa, I. (1975), The solubility of elemental mercury vapor in water. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn, 48, pp. 1795–1798 Thibodeaux, J. L. (1996), Environmental chemodynamics: Movement of chemicals in air, water and soil, John wileys & sons, inc.: ISBN: 0-471-61295-2, 1996. Tseng, C. M.; Lamborg, C. H.; Fitzgerald, W. F. (2010) , Development of a novel on-line flow injection mercury analyzer to determine gaseous elemental mercury over the northern South China Sea. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 25, 526-533 Nightingale, P. D., G. Malin, C. S. Law, A. J. Watson, P. S. Liss, M. I. Liddicoat, J. Boutin, and R. C. Upstill-Goddard (2000), In situ evaluation of air-sea gas exchange parameterizations using novel conservative and volatile tracers, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 14, 373– 387. Wanninkhof, R. (1992) , Relationship between windspeed and gas exchange over the ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research, 97, 7373–7382. Wanninkhof, R., Mc Gillis, W.R. (1999), A cubic relationship between air–sea CO2 exchange and wind speed. Geophysical Research Letters, 26, 1889–1892. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/47326 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 本研究主要探討2009 年夏季東海海域表水之元素汞的分佈及海氣交換通量。於2009 年6 月28 日~7 月13 日利用海研一號執行航次(OR1-905),在東海海域進行採樣。航行中進行汞物種的量測,項目如下:大氣中氣態元素汞(GEM)、表水中的氣態元素汞(DEM)、及活性汞(RM)、總汞(TM)、溶解性總汞(DTM)。本研究海域內汞物種的平均濃度及變化範圍分別為:GEM之平均濃度為6.5±1.2 ng/m3(n=957),DEM為150.3±109.9 fM(35.4-592.5 fM , n=31)、RM為1.7±0.7 pM(0.3-3.2 pM , n=31)、TM為26.7±22.1 pM(6.6-87.3 pM , n=31)、DTM為23.5±21.5 pM(4.3-81.2 pM , n=31)。研究發現GEM的濃度受到區域的影響,而有近岸濃度高、遠洋低的分布,本研究利用NOAA之氣團回推圖(HYSPLIT)推測當地氣團來源,研究發現GEM濃度分布可能是受到當地氣團來源影響。表水中的汞物種(DEM、RM、TM 與 DTM)皆有相似的趨勢,大致成西高東低的分布,在長江口測站達到最高值,在黑潮流經的東海西部邊緣,則是濃度最低。本研究利用測得的大氣元素汞濃度、DEM濃度、月平均衛星風場等資料估算東海陸棚各水團海氣交換的通量值分別為沿岸湧升流區域為4.1 nmolm-2day-1、長江沖淡水區域為1.2 nmol m-2day-1、台灣暖流水及陸棚混和水區域為0.9 nmol m-2day-1、黑潮區域為0.3 nmol m-2day-1。結果顯示,整個陸棚邊源都呈現強烈的source的現象,最後估算出整個東海元素汞海氣交換通量為0.98 nmol m-2day-1,其數值與同緯度之汙染影響大的邊緣海相似。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | The distribution and air-sea exchange flux of Hg0 were determined in the surface water of the East China Sea ( ECS) by the cruise OR1-905 between June 29 and 13 July, 2009. Different Hg species, such as: gaseous elemental mercury ( GEM ), dissolved elemental mercury ( DEM )、reactive mercury ( RM )、total mercury ( TM ), and dissolved total mercury ( DTM ) were also measured. The average concentrations of GEM, DEM, RM, TM and DTM in surface seawater were 6.5± 1.2 ng/m3(n = 956), 150.3± 109.9 fM (35.4- 592.5 fM, n=31) , 1.7± 0.7pM (0.3- 3.2 pM, n = 31), 26.7± 22.1 pM (6.6- 87.3 pM, n = 31) and 23.5± 21.5 pM (4.3- 81.2pM , n=31), respectively. Distinctive spatial variations of GEM concentrations were revealed, with generally higher concentrations near land masses (mainland China or Taiwan). Using source tracking techniques such as NOAA-HYSPLIT back trajectory and QSCAT wind vector, the distribution of GEM in ECS were seemingly influenced by the source of the air masses. The distribution of different Hg species (DEM、RM、TM and DTM) also had similar trends, with highest value appeared in Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW), and lowest value appeared in Kuroshio Water (KW). In area of the ECS, the air-sea exchange fluxes of Hg were estimated to be:Cold Upwelling Water (CUW) averaged 4.1 nmol m-2day-1, CDW averaged 1.2 nmol m-2day-1, Taiwan Strait Warm Water (TSWW) and Shelf Mixing Water (SMW) averaged 0.9 nmol m-2day-1, KW averaged 0.3 nmol m-2day-1. The continental shelf of ECS was a strong source (0.98 nmol m-2day-1 )for Hg0 . These fluxes assessments are comparable to other observations of polluted marginal sea at the same latitude. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T05:55:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-99-R97241404-1.pdf: 2666992 bytes, checksum: 22df23c735a4822b90f3859cc32465ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………........ I
英文摘要…………………………………………………………………………... ...II 表目錄………………………………………………………………………….......…V圖目錄………………………………………………………………………...…...…VI 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………………….1 1.1海洋中元素汞循環的重要性……………………………………………...1 1.2元素汞在邊緣海的海氣交換……………………………………………...2 1.3研究區域背景……………………………………………………………...8 1.4 研究目的………………………………………………………………….. 9 第二章 研究材料與方法………………………………………………………….10 2.1研究區域…………………………………………………………………...10 2.2器材與方法…………………………………………………………….....11 2.2.1本研究測定的汞物種及定義…………………………………..…11 2.2.2試劑與標準品……………………………………………………..11 2.2.3實驗各項器材之前處理…………………………………………..12 2.2.4大氣元素汞的採樣與分析………………………………………..12 2.2.5水樣汞的採樣方法與分析………………………………………..14 2.2.6水樣汞測定之方法……………………………………………..…16 2.2.6.1船上實測分析(DEM、RM)…………………………16 2.2.6.2實驗室分析(TM、DTM)…………………………….16 2.3其他參數取得…………………………………………………………….17 第三章 結果…………………………………………………………...…………18 3.1表水之溫鹽特性和空間分布……………………………………….……18 3.2大氣GEM的時間與空間分布…………………………………….…….21 3.3表水中DEM及其它汞物種的空間分布……………………………….25 第四章 討論………………………………. …………………………………....27 4.1東海大氣元素汞的時間與區域變化……………………………………27 4.2表層DEM變化的控制因子…………………………………………….31 4.3表層水溶解性元素汞(DEM)之空間分布特徵……………………...33 4.4不同模式計算下元素汞海氣交換通量差異……………………………35 4.5不同尺度風場下元素汞海氣交換通量的差異…………………………37 4.6元素汞海氣交換之空間分布特徵………………………………………39 4.7 元素汞海氣交換通量與其他邊緣海研究比較…………………………40 第五章 結論……………………………………………………………………..42 參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………..43 附錄.1 OR1-905航次所採集水文相關參數……………………………….......46 附錄.2 OR1-905航次所採集水樣汞相關參數表……………………………...48 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 2009年夏季東海表水元素汞海氣交換通量與分布 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Distribution and Air-sea Exchange Flux of Hg0 in the East China Sea in Summer 2009 | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 98-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 魏慶琳(Ching-Lin Wei),許世傑(Shih-Chieh Hsu) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 東海,大氣汞,溶解性氣態汞,海氣交換,汞物種, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | East China Sea,Gaseous elemental mercury(GEM),Dissolved gaseous elemental mercury(DEM),Air-sea exchange,Hg species, | en |
dc.relation.page | 49 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2010-08-18 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 海洋研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 海洋研究所 |
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