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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 陳佩貞 | |
dc.contributor.author | Chih-Hsiang Su | en |
dc.contributor.author | 蘇志翔 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T05:53:02Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2011-08-19 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2010-08-19 | |
dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2010-08-17 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/47270 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 奈米零價鐵(nanoscale zero-valent iron, nZVI)為具粒徑小(<100 nm)、比表面積大與高氧化還原力等特性的奈米級材料,經常用於土壤及地下水污染的整治與廢水處理的程序中。近年來許多研究指出將穩定化之nZVI直接注入地下水污染場址可提升現地污染復育的成效。然而,目前對於nZVI在地下水體中的傳輸、宿命及對生態環境與人類健康的衝擊尚未釐清。本研究使用無毒性的羧甲基纖維素(carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC)合成穩定化之CMC-nZVI (平均粒徑約49.3±11.0 nm),並利用青鱂魚(medaka, Oryzias latipes)為模式動物來評估CMC-nZVI、自然氧化之CMC-nZVI (nFe-oxide)與二價鐵離子(Fe(II))對青鱂魚苗的急毒性(acute toxicity),並觀察存活之青鱂魚苗組織病理變化與鐵生物累積情況。我們同時測量暴露溶液中pH值、溶氧量、鐵物種與活性氧物種(reactive oxygen species, ROS)隨時間的變化。結果顯示三種鐵溶液(1-100 mg/L)對青鱂魚苗的急毒性為:Fe(II)>CMC-nZVI>nFe-oxide。CMC-nZVI在溶液中會快速氧化成Fe(II)與三價鐵離子(Fe(III)),並經由芬騰反應(fenton reaction)產生過氧化氫等ROS及消耗溶液中的溶氧。nFe-oxide溶液中的主要鐵物種為Fe(III)及奈米氧化鐵,Fe(II)溶液則沒有顯著的物種變化;此兩種鐵溶液中的溶氧與ROS量與控制組相比並無顯著變化。組織病理(histopathology)觀察發現,高濃度CMC- nZVI(100 mg/L)會造成青鱂魚苗鰓絲(gill filament)組織肥大、肝細胞(hepatocyte)排列不規則與腸壁(intestine wall)變薄。此外,我們發現CMC- nZVI與Fe(II)溶液對青鱂魚苗腸壁造成類似的組織變異,且在低濃度(25 mg/L)就足以使青鱂魚苗腸部組織受損;然而,相同濃度下的nFe-oxide溶液對青鱂魚腸部無顯著影響。經過長時間的暴露後(12天),低濃度CMC-nZVI 與nFe-oxide也將導致魚苗死亡或氧化壓力等毒性效應,綜合言之, CMC-nZVI對青鱂魚苗的毒性效應應來自溶液中氧氣缺乏、 Fe(II)的毒性與ROS誘發的氧化壓力(oxidative stress)等因子。鐵物種進入魚體後所造成的氧化還原反應及誘導的生物毒性,仍需進一步的研究。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Iron-based nanotechnologies are increasingly used for environmental remediation; however, the aqueous fate and toxicologic impacts of engineered iron nanoparticles (NPs) on the aquatic ecosystem remain poorly understood. We treated larvae of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) with 1-100 mg/L doses of thoroughly characterized solutions containing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-stabilized nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI), aged nanoscale iron oxides (nFe-oxides) or ferrous ion (Fe[II]) for 12-14 days’ aqueous exposure to assess the causal toxic effect(s) of iron NPs on the fish. Dosing solutions were daily renewed and temporal changes of the particle size, pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of the dosing solutions were monitored. Results show that the particle size of nZVI was remained around 50 nm and pH of the dosing solutions was consistent between 6-8 within 24 hr. We found that approximately 50% of nZVI was dissociated to Fe(II) ions in 10 mins and Fe(II) ions was then immediately oxidized to Fe(III) oxidizes. Due to rapid oxidation reaction of nZVI in water, DO of nZVI solution (100 mg/L) was thus down to zero for 50 minutes, while DO of nZVI solution (1-25 mg/L) stayed at 2-3 mg/L for an hour. In the meantime, high nZVI (100 mg/L) resulted in acute toxicity (65% mortality) of medaka larvae after a 7-day exposure; however, low larval mortality (<15%) was found from nZVI exposure (1-25 mg/L). Compared to nZVI, Fe(II) ion (50 mg/L) resulted 55% larval mortality, while 25 mg/L Fe(II) only caused 2.5 % mortality to medaka larvae after 7-days exposure. Based on histopathological analyses, fish intestine from the treated groups (>25 mg/L nZVI) accumulated high amount of ferrous iron and their intestine wall was significantly thinner than the control fish. We discuss the modes of acute toxic action of CMC-nZVI and chronic toxic effects in terms of ROS, hypoxia and Fe(II) toxicity. | en |
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dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要 I
英文摘要 III 目錄 V 圖目錄 VIII 表目錄 X 一、緒論 1 1.1 奈米科技的發展及在環境保護的應用 1 1.2奈米零價鐵 2 1.2.1奈米零價鐵處理汙染物的主要反應機制 2 1.2.1.1奈米零價鐵的還原機制 2 1.2.1.2奈米零價鐵的氧化機制 3 1.2.2奈米零價鐵的製備 7 1.2.3穩定化奈米零價鐵的製備 9 1.2.4奈米零價鐵之現地利用 11 1.3奈米顆粒在環境中可能的宿命與行為 12 1.4奈米科技的應用對環境的風險 13 1.5奈米毒理的生物檢測法 16 1.5.1 離體試驗(in vitro test)與活體試驗(in vivo test) 16 1.5.2 青鱂魚生物檢測法 16 1.5.3 利用青鱂魚毒性試驗評估奈米材料的生物毒性 19 1.5.4奈米零價鐵毒性測試 20 1.6 研究動機與目的 21 二、材料與方法 22 2.1 研究架構 22 2.2 實驗材料 24 2.2.1 化學試劑及材料 24 2.2.2 儀器設備 26 2.3 實驗動物及飼養條件 28 2.4 穩定劑的選擇 29 2.4.1 穩定劑的性質 29 2.4.2不同穩定劑對青鱂魚苗的急毒性試驗 29 2.5 穩定化奈米零價鐵懸浮液之製備 31 2.5.1 穩定化nZVI之合成 31 2.5.2 穩定化nFe-oxide之製備 31 2.6 穩定化奈米零價鐵/氧化鐵顆粒特性分析 32 2.6.1穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)觀測 32 2.6.2 雷射動態光散射(DLS)檢測 32 2.6.3 界達電位(Zeta potential)檢測 33 2.7 穩定化奈米鐵顆粒對青鱂魚苗的急毒性試驗 34 2.7.1 暴露溶液的製備 34 2.7.2 急毒性試驗 34 2.8 青鱂魚苗組織病理變化與魚體內鐵累積現象觀察 35 2.8.1 樣品收集 35 2.8.2 切片的製作、染色與觀察 35 2.8.2.1石蠟切片的製作 35 2.8.2.2石蠟切片染色與觀察 36 2.9 CMC-nZVI、nFe-oxide與Fe(II)溶液性質分析 37 2.9.1 粒徑大小的變化 37 2.9.2 pH值與溶氧量的變化 37 2.9.3 鐵物種的變化 37 2.9.3.1總鐵濃度測量 38 2.9.3.2二價鐵離子、三價鐵離子與鐵奈米粒子濃度測量 38 2.9.4 ROS的變化 40 2.9.4.1 過氧化氫(H2O2)濃度測量 40 2.9.4.1總ROS強度測量 43 三、結果與討論 45 3.1三種穩定劑對青鱂魚苗的急毒性 45 3.2 穩定化奈米鐵顆粒於水溶液中的特性分析 48 3.2.1穩定化奈米鐵顆粒的特性分析結果 48 3.2.2穩定化奈米鐵顆粒隨時間的粒徑變化 52 3.3 穩定化奈米鐵顆粒對青鱂魚苗的急毒性試驗 54 3.4 暴露溶液的物化特性分析結果 64 3.4.1 pH值的變化 64 3.4.2 溶氧量的變化 65 3.4.3 ROS與鐵物種的變化 71 3.4.3.1 過氧化氫與二價鐵離子的變化 71 3.4.3.2 鐵物種與總ROS的變化 74 3.5 青鱂魚苗組織病理變化及鐵生物累積的結果 79 3.5.1 暴露CMC-nZVI溶液後青鱂魚苗鰓組織變化及鐵生物累積 79 3.5.2 暴露CMC-nZVI溶液後青鱂魚苗肝組織變化 79 3.5.3 暴露CMC-nZVI溶液後青鱂魚苗腸部織變化及鐵生物累積 80 3.5.4三種鐵暴露溶液對青鱂魚苗組織變化及鐵生物累積之比較 84 3.6 CMC-nZVI及其氧化產物在溶液中的物化反應與其造成青鱂魚苗毒性的關係 87 四、結論 88 五、參考文獻 89 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 穩定化奈米零價鐵及其氧化產物對青鱂魚苗的毒性效應 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Toxicity assessments of stabilized nanoscale
zero-valent iron and its oxidation products in medaka (Oryzias latipes) larvae | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 98-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 吳先琪,顏瑞泓,施養信 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 奈米零價鐵,青鱂,魚,急毒性,芬騰反應,活性氧化物種, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | nanoscale zero-valent iron,medaka,acute toxicity,fenton reaction,reactive oxygen species, | en |
dc.relation.page | 98 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2010-08-18 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 農業化學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 農業化學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
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ntu-99-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 5.1 MB | Adobe PDF |
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