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標題: | 植基於無線感測器網路技術之都市空氣品質監測系統開發 The Development of an Air Quality Monitoring System for the Metropolitan Area Based on the Wireless Sensor Network Technology |
作者: | Hsu-Cheng Lu 盧續承 |
指導教授: | 江昭皚(Joe-Air Jiang) |
關鍵字: | 空氣汙染,無線感測器網路,即時監測, air pollution,wireless sensor networks,real-time monitoring, |
出版年 : | 2011 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 本研究提出一套基於無線感測器網路技術之都市空氣品質監測系統,能夠針對人口密集且機動車輛較多的市區進行自動化空氣品質監測任務,同時收集大量的空氣汙染物資料以及氣象資料。都市空氣品質監測系統以無線感測器網路為主,整合氣象模組、全球行動通訊系統以及網際網路技術,可即時獲取所需資訊。無線感測器網路的體積小、成本低及不需佈線等優點,適合在建築物眾多的市區進行密集的建置。本監測系統由兩大部分所組成:前端監測網包括無線感測器節點、MiCS−5525一氧化碳氣體感測器、DSM501A懸浮微粒感測器和閘道器所組成自動化監測系統;後端平台則有LabVIEW及資料庫。前端監測網的閘道器能夠定時向網路內的所有無線感測器節點要求資料回傳,並搭配氣象模組獲取多項的環境參數,以全球行動通訊系統的簡訊服務方式傳送至後端平台。後端平台透過LabVIEW程式收集前端閘道器所傳回的簡訊,並將簡訊的資料內容上傳至由MySQL語法所架設的資料庫中。遠端使用者可以由網際網路查看歷史資料及最新一筆環境參數等資料庫數據。
本研究於臺北市羅斯福路與基隆路的圓環,以及基隆路人行道兩側進行系統架設及監測,並針對汽機車主要排放的汙染物一氧化碳進行監測。為了驗證系統之可用性,本研究進行感測器節點的性能實驗,在模擬實際道路可能產生的鏈狀拓撲實驗中平均傳輸成功率達98.7%,又節點重新加入網路性能實驗中平均成功率達99.4%,以及節點路徑重尋實驗成功率達100%。此外,本研究也針對所使用的MiCS−5525一氧化碳氣體感測器進行率定,以保證其感測值的正確性。最後,本研究對系統實際回傳感測值探討,驗證紅綠燈停靠區域的汙染物持續累積現象,並提供後續可供延伸探討的相關議題。 In this research, a micro-scale air quality monitoring system for the metropolitan area based on the wireless sensor network (WSN) technology is presented. The micro-scale air quality monitoring system includes Octopus II wireless sensor node, MiCS−5525 carbon monoxide (CO) sensors, DSM501A particulate matter (PM) sensors and an industrial PC gateway. In addition, a database built upon LabVIEW as a control platform is provided. The gateway is used to control the sensor nodes that collect environmental data, and transmit the data to the database through the short message service (SMS) by Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). The database is composed of the LabVIEW program and the MySQL database, thus the data could be stored and integrated to the database through the LabVIEW program. In addition, the historical and the latest updated data could be inquired through the web page provided by the database. The proposed system has been implemented nearby the ring of Keelung Road for monitoring the air quality there. In order to verify the system’ reliability, a number of experiments have been conducted in this research, including examining whether the node could re-construct the network topology itself, and testing the robustness of the chain-based routing. The successful rate of re-constructing the network topology is over 99%. The robustness test shows an average successful transmission success rate of 98.7%. Also, the MiCS−5525 CO sensor calibration has been performed in this research to ensure the accuracy of the sensor. Finally, this research analyzes the sensing data acquired by the system and verifies the accumulation of air pollutants in relation to stop-and-go lights. The experimental results show that the proposed system can provide micro-scale air quality monitoring in real-time through the WSN technology. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/46719 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 生物機電工程學系 |
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