請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/46636
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 吳乃立(Nae-Lih Wu) | |
dc.contributor.author | Wen-Chin Chen | en |
dc.contributor.author | 陳文勤 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T05:20:09Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2015-07-21 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2010-07-21 | |
dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2010-07-20 | |
dc.identifier.citation | References
1. J. M. Tarascon and M. Armand, 'Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries,' Nature, vol. 414, pp. 359-367, 2001. 2. K. M. Abraham, D. M. Pasquariello, and F. J. Martin, 'Mixed ether electrolytes for secondary lithium batteries with improved low temperature performance,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 133, pp. 661-666, 1986. 3. A. J. Jacobson, R. R. Chianelli, and M. S. Whittingham, ' Amorphous molybdenum-disulfide cathodes,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 126, pp. 2277-2278, 1979. 4. M. S. Whittingham and M. B. Dines, ' Normal-butyllithium-effective, general cathode screening agent,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 124, pp. 1387-1388, 1977. 5. M. Lazzari and B. Scrosati, 'A cyclable lithium organic electrolyte cell based on two intercalation electrodes,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 127, pp. 773-774, 1980. 6. T. Nagaura and K. Tozawa, Prog. Batt. Solar Cells vol. 9, 1990. 7. W.-R. Liu, 'Synthesis and characterization of Si-based anode materials for lithium ion batteries.' Ph.D: National Taiwan University, 2006. 8. K. Mizushima, P. C. Jones, P. J. Wiseman, and J. B. Goodenough, 'LixCoO2 '(0≦x≦1) - a new cathode material for batteries of high-energy density,' Materials Research Bulletin, vol. 15, pp. 783-789, 1980. 9. W. A. v. Schalkwijk and B. Scrosati, Advances in Lithium-Ion Batteries. NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2002. 10. J. N. Reimers and J. R. Dahn, 'Electrochemical and in-situ X-Ray-Diffraction studies of lithium intercalation in LixCoO2,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 139, pp. 2091-2097, 1992. 11. T. Ohzuku and A. Ueda, 'Solid-state redox reactions of LiCoO2 (R3m) for 4 volt secondary lithium cells,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 141, pp. 2972-2977, 1994. 12. Y. J. Kim, T. J. Kim, J. W. Shin, B. Park, and J. P. Cho, 'The effect of Al2O3 coating on the cycle life performance in thin-film LiCoO2 cathodes,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 149, pp. A1337-A1341, 2002. 13. L. J. Liu, L. Q. Chen, X. J. Huang, X. Q. Yang, W. S. Yoon, H. S. Lee, and J. McBreen, 'Electrochemical and in situ synchrotron XRD studies on Al2O3-coated LiCoO2 cathode material,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 151, pp. A1344-A1351, 2004. 14. K. Y. Chung, W. S. Yoon, J. McBreen, X. Q. Yang, S. H. Oh, H. C. Shin, W. Il Cho, and B. W. Cho, 'Structural studies on the effects of ZrO2 coating on LiCoO2 during cycling using in situ X-ray diffraction technique,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 153, pp. A2152-A2157, 2006. 15. G.-A. Nazri and G. Pistoia, Lithium Batteries: Science and Technology: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004. 16. C. Delmas, M. Menetrier, L. Croguennec, I. Saadoune, A. Rougier, C. Pouillerie, G. Prado, M. Grune, and L. Fournes, 'An overview of the Li(Ni,M)O2 systems: syntheses, structures and properties,' Electrochimica Acta, vol. 45, pp. 243-253, 1999. 17. T. Ohzuku, A. Ueda, and M. Kouguchi, 'Synthesis and characterization of LiAl1/4Ni3/4O2 (R3m) for lithium-Ion (shuttlecock) batteries,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 142, pp. 4033-4039, 1995. 18. W. Li, J. C. Currie, and J. Wolstenholme, 'Influence of morphology on the stability of LiNiO2,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 68, pp. 565-569, 1997. 19. G. Amatucci, A. Du Pasquier, A. Blyr, T. Zheng, and J. M. Tarascon, 'The elevated temperature performance of the LiMn2O4/C system: failure and solutions,' Electrochimica Acta, vol. 45, pp. 255-271, 1999. 20. Y. M. Lin, H. C. Wu, Y. C. Yen, Z. Z. Guo, M. H. Yang, H. M. Chen, H. S. Sheu, and N. L. Wu, 'Enhanced high-rate cycling stability of LiMn2O4 cathode by ZrO2 coating for Li-ion battery,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 152, pp. A1526-A1532, 2005. 21. T. Ohzuku, M. Kitagawa, and T. Hirai, 'Electrochemistry of Manganese Dioxide in Lithium Nonaqueous Cell,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 137, pp. 769-775, 1990. 22. Y. M. Lin, H. C. Wu, Y. C. Yen, Z. Z. Guo, M. H. Yang, H. M. Chen, H. S. Sheu, and N. L. Wu, 'Enhanced high-rate cycling stability of LiMn2O4 cathode by ZrO2 coating for Li-ion battery,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 152, pp. A1526-A1532, 2005. 23. I. Saadoune and C. Delmas, 'On the LixNi0.8Co0.2O2 system,' Journal of Solid State Chemistry, vol. 136, pp. 8-15, 1998. 24. C. Pouillerie, F. Perton, P. Biensan, J. P. Peres, M. Broussely, and C. Delmas, 'Effect of magnesium substitution on the cycling behavior of lithium nickel cobalt oxide,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 96, pp. 293-302, 2001. 25. E. Rossen, C. D. W. Jones, and J. R. Dahn, 'Structure and electrochemistry of LixMnyNi1-yO2,' Solid State Ionics, vol. 57, pp. 311-318, 1992. 26. Z. L. Liu, A. S. Yu, and J. Y. Lee, 'Synthesis and characterization of LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 as the cathode materials of secondary lithium batteries,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 82, pp. 416-419, 1999. 27. T. Ohzuku and Y. Makimura, 'Layered lithium insertion material of LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2 for lithium-ion batteries,' Chemistry Letters, pp. 642-643, 2001. 28. N. Yabuuchi and T. Ohzuku, 'Novel lithium insertion material of LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2 for advanced lithium-ion batteries,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 119, pp. 171-174, 2003. 29. M. E. Spahr, P. Novak, B. Schnyder, O. Haas, and R. Nesper, 'Characterization of layered lithium nickel manganese oxides synthesized by a novel oxidative coprecipitation method and their electrochemical performance as lithium insertion electrode materials,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 145, pp. 1113-1121, 1998. 30. A. K. Padhi, K. S. Nanjundaswamy, and J. B. Goodenough, 'Phospho-olivines as positive-electrode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 144, pp. 1188-1194, 1997. 31. V. A. Streltsov, E. L. Belokoneva, V. G. Tsirelson, and N. K. Hansen, 'Multipole Analysis of the Electron Density in Triphylite, LiFePO4,Using X-ray Diffraction Data,' Acta Crystallographica Section B-Structural Science, vol. 49, pp. 147-153, 1993. 32. A. K. Padhi, K. S. Nanjundaswamy, C. Masquelier, S. Okada, and J. B. Goodenough, 'Effect of structure on the Fe3+/Fe2+ redox couple in iron phosphates,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 144, pp. 1609-1613, 1997. 33. C. Masquelier, A. K. Padhi, K. S. Nanjundaswamy, and J. B. Goodenough, 'New cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries: The 3-D framework structures Li3Fe2(XO4)3 (X = P, As),' Journal of Solid State Chemistry, vol. 135, pp. 228-234, 1998. 34. A. Guerfi, M. Kaneko, M. Petitclerc, M. Mori, and K. Zaghib, 'LiFePO4 water-soluble binder electrode for Li-ion batteries,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 163, pp. 1047-1052, 2007. 35. A. S. Andersson, B. Kalska, L. Haggstrom, and J. O. Thomas, 'Lithium extraction/insertion in LiFePO4: an X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy study,' Solid State Ionics, vol. 130, pp. 41-52, 2000. 36. C. Delacourt, L. Laffont, R. Bouchet, C. Wurm, J. B. Leriche, M. Morcrette, J. M. Tarascon, and C. Masquelier, 'Toward understanding of electrical limitations (electronic, ionic) in LiMPO4 (M = Fe, Mn) electrode materials,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 152, pp. A913-A921, 2005. 37. M. Takahashi, S. Tobishima, K. Takei, and Y. Sakurai, 'Reaction behavior of LiFePO4 as a cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries,' Solid State Ionics, vol. 148, pp. 283-289, 2002. 38. A. Yamada, S. C. Chung, and K. Hinokuma, 'Optimized LiFePO4 for lithium battery cathodes,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 148, pp. A224-A229, 2001. 39. S. Franger, F. Le Cras, C. Bourbon, and H. Rouault, 'LiFePO4 synthesis routes for enhanced electrochemical performance,' Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, vol. 5, pp. A231-A233, 2002. 40. X. Z. Liao, Z. F. Ma, L. Wang, X. M. Zhang, Y. Jiang, and Y. S. He, 'Novel synthesis route for LiFePO4/C cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries,' Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, vol. 7, pp. A522-A525, 2004. 41. S. Beninati, L. Damen, and M. Mastragostino, 'MW-assisted synthesis of LiFePO4 for high power applications,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 180, pp. 875-879, 2008. 42. A. V. Murugan, T. Muraliganth, and A. Manthiram, 'Rapid microwave-solvothermal synthesis of phospho-olivine nanorods and their coating with a mixed conducting polymer for lithium ion batteries,' Electrochemistry Communications, vol. 10, pp. 903-906, 2008. 43. K. Dokko, K. Shiraishi, and K. Kanamuraa, 'Identification of surface impurities on LiFePO4 particles prepared by a hydrothermal process,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 152, pp. A2199-A2202, 2005. 44. S. F. Yang, Y. N. Song, P. Y. Zavalij, and M. S. Whittingham, 'Reactivity, stability and electrochemical behavior of lithium iron phosphates,' Electrochemistry Communications, vol. 4, pp. 239-244, 2002. 45. K. Dokko, S. Koizumi, K. Sharaishi, and K. Kanamura, 'Electrochemical properties of LiFePO4 prepared via hydrothermal route,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 165, pp. 656-659, 2007. 46. K. Dokko, S. Koizumi, and K. Kanamura, 'Electrochemical reactivity of LiFePO4 prepared by hydrothermal method,' Chemistry Letters, vol. 35, pp. 338-339, 2006. 47. K. Shiraishi, K. Dokko, and K. Kanamura, 'Formation of impurities on phospho-olivine LiFePO4 during hydrothermal synthesis,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 146, pp. 555-558, 2005. 48. J. J. Chen and M. S. Whittingham, 'Hydrothermal synthesis of lithium iron phosphate,' Electrochemistry Communications, vol. 8, pp. 855-858, 2006. 49. B. Jin and H. B. Gu, 'Preparation and characterization of LiFePO4 cathode materials by hydrothermal method,' Solid State Ionics, vol. 178, pp. 1907-1914, 2008. 50. C. R. Sides, F. Croce, V. Y. Young, C. R. Martin, and B. Scrosati, 'A high-rate, nanocomposite LiFePO4/carbon cathode,' Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, vol. 8, pp. A484-A487, 2005. 51. N. Ravet, Y. Chouinard, J. F. Magnan, S. Besner, M. Gauthier, and M. Armand, 'Electroactivity of natural and synthetic triphylite,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 97-8, pp. 503-507, 2001. 52. Z. H. Chen and J. R. Dahn, 'Reducing carbon in LiFePO4/C composite electrodes to maximize specific energy, volumetric energy, and tap density,' Journal of the Electrochemical Society, vol. 149, pp. A1184-A1189, 2002. 53. J. Barker, M. Y. Saidi, and J. L. Swoyer, 'Lithium iron(II) phospho-olivines prepared by a novel carbothermal reduction method,' Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, vol. 6, pp. A53-A55, 2003. 54. C. Delacourt, C. Wurm, L. Laffont, J. B. Leriche, and C. Masquelier, 'Electrochemical and electrical properties of Nb- and/or C-containing LiFePO4 composites,' Solid State Ionics, vol. 177, pp. 333-341, 2006. 55. G. X. Wang, S. Bewlay, J. Yao, J. H. Ahn, S. X. Dou, and H. K. Liu, 'Characterization of LiMxFe1-xPO4 (M=Mg, Zr, Ti) cathode materials prepared by the sol-gel method,' Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, vol. 7, pp. A503-A506, 2004. 56. S. Y. Chung, J. T. Bloking, and Y. M. Chiang, 'Electronically conductive phospho-olivines as lithium storage electrodes,' Nature Materials, vol. 1, pp. 123-128, 2002. 57. M. Gaberscek, R. Dominko, M. Bele, M. Remskar, and J. Jamnik, 'Mass and charge transport in hierarchically organized storage materials. Example: Porous active materials with nanocoated walls of pores,' Solid State Ionics, vol. 177, pp. 3015-3022, 2006. 58. S. T. Yang, N. H. Zhao, H. Y. Dong, J. X. Yang, and H. Y. Hue, 'Synthesis and characterization of LiFePO4 cathode material dispersed with nano-structured carbon,' Electrochimica Acta, vol. 51, pp. 166-171, 2005. 59. R. Dominko, M. Gaberscek, J. Drofenik, M. Bele, S. Pejovnik, and J. Jamnik, 'The role of carbon black distribution in cathodes for Li ion batteries,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 119, pp. 770-773, 2003. 60. A. Yamada, M. Hosoya, S. C. Chung, Y. Kudo, K. Hinokuma, K. Y. Liu, and Y. Nishi, 'Olivine-type cathodes achievements and problems,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 119, pp. 232-238, 2003. 61. M. S. Islam, D. J. Driscoll, C. A. J. Fisher, and P. R. Slater, 'Atomic-scale investigation of defects, dopants, and lithium transport in the LiFePO4 olivine-type battery material,' Chemistry of Materials, vol. 17, pp. 5085-5092, 2005. 62. K. Cheralathan, N. Y. Kang, H. S. Park, Y. J. Lee, W. C. Choi, Y. S. Ko, and Y. K. Park, 'Preparation of spherical LiNi0.80Co0.15Mn0.05O2 lithium ion cathode material by continuous co-precipitation,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 195, pp. 1486-1494, 2010. 63. J. Ying, M. Lei, C. Jiang, C. Wan, X. He, J. Li, L. Wang, and J. Ren, 'Preparation and characterization of high density spherical Li0.97Cr0.01FePO4/C cathode material for lithium ion batteries,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 158, pp. 543-549, 2006. 64. S. W. Oh, S. T. Myung. H. J. Bang, C. S. Yoon, K. Amine, and Y. K. Sun, 'Nanoporous structured LiFePO4 with spherical microscale particles having high volumetric capacity for lithium batteries,' Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, vol. 12, pp. A181-A185, 2009. 65. http://physics.pdx.edu/~pmoeck/phy381/Topic5a-XRD.pdf. 66. Y. B. Xu, Y. J. Lu, L. Yan, Z. Y. Yang, and R. D. Yang, 'Synthesis and effect of forming Fe2P phase on the physics and electrochemical properties of LiFePO4/C materials,' Journal of Power Sources, vol. 160, pp. 570-576, 2006. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/46636 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 摘要
鋰鐵磷酸鹽為一新一代之鋰離子電池正極材料。它具有環保、高安全性以及低原料成本之優點,更被證實具有高功率充放電的能力。雖然有這些優點,鋰鐵磷酸鹽目前最需改善的缺點在於粉體密度(tap density)太低,造成電極片電量密度(即每單位體積粉體提供之電容量)低落。在本論文中,主要合成具有高粉體密度的鋰鐵磷酸鹽正極材料,在實驗設計上,我們將採用兩步驟製程,製備球形且大顆粒鋰鐵磷酸鹽粉體。 第一步驟為共沈澱法,以硝酸鐵、磷酸及氨水混合溶液為起始的反應物製造出大顆粒的磷酸鐵粉體。結果顯示,磷酸鐵粉體的晶貌及顆粒大小分布受到反應條件的影響,其中包括反應時的pH、反應物濃度、攪拌功率密度及顆粒滯留時間。 第二步驟將以固相法製備鋰鐵磷酸鹽。我們以固定劑量比將氫氧化鋰、葡萄糖當碳源與製備好的大顆粒磷酸鐵均勻混合,在高溫的條件下進行反應,使鋰嵌入磷酸鐵,形成高結晶度的鋰鐵磷酸鹽。結果顯示,此兩階段製程可製備出鋰鐵磷酸鹽高達1.5 g/cc之振實密度。此步驟中,我們將深入探討反應溫度、顆粒晶貌、粉體密度及電性的關聯。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Abstract
Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) is a promising cathode material for lithium ion batteries because it has the advantages of environmental benignity, high safety, and low cost. Despite of these advantages, the main problem of LiFePO4 d is low tap density, which causes very low energy density. This work focuses on the synthesis of LiFePO4 powder with high tap density. A two-step process will be carried out to synthesize spherical and micro-size LiFePO4 particles. In the first step, Fe(NO3), H3PO4 and NH3 were used as starting materials to prepare FePO4 via co-precipitation method. The result shows that different precipitation conditions, including residence time, pH of reaction, agitation power density, and reactant concentration affect the size and morphology of the FePO4 powder. In the second step, the FePO4 particles were mixed with a stoichiometric amount of Li source and glucose as the carbon coating source. Olivine powder with tap density greater than 1.5 g/cc had been synthesized. The correlations among the sintering temperature, microstructures, tap density and the electrochemical performance have been studied in detail. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T05:20:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-99-R97524027-1.pdf: 8158596 bytes, checksum: af5c7755d8e87b8388954033b6b79e1b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | Table of Contents
摘要.......................................................I Abstract..................................................II Table of Contents........................................III List of Figures............................................V List of Tables............................................IX Chapter 1 Introduction.....................................1 Chapter 2 Literature Review................................3 2-1 Introduction to Li-ion batteries.....................3 2-2 Introductions to Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries............................................7 2-3 LiFePO4 Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries..13 2-3.1 Basic Features of Lithium Iron Phosphate........13 2-3.2 Synthesis of Lithium Iron Phosphate.............17 2-3.3 Modifications of Lithium Iron Phosphate Powders.21 2-4 Micro-size and Spherical Cathode Material prepared by Co-precipitation Method.............................26 Chapter 3 Experimental....................................29 3-1 Chemicals...........................................29 3-2 Preparation of carbon-coated Lithium Iron Phosphate.31 3-2.1 Preparation of Iron Phosphate via Co- precipitation method............................31 3-2.2 Preparation of carbon-coated Lithium Iron Phosphate via solid state method................33 3-3 Analyses and Characterizations......................35 3-3.1 Phase Identification............................35 3-3.2 Morphology Observation..........................36 3-3.3 Determination of Carbon Content.................37 3-4 Electrochemical Characterizations...................39 3-4.1 Preparation of electrodes.......................39 3-4.2 Cell-Fabricating Process........................39 Chapter 4 Results and Discussion..........................41 4-1 Investigation on the FePO4 powders synthesized via co- precipitation method................................41 4-1.1 Effect of residence time........................41 4-1.2 Effect of pH value..............................43 4-1.3 Effect of stirring power density................46 4-1.4 Effect of salt concentration....................49 4-1.5 Effect of heat treatment at different temperatures....................................54 4-2 Investigation on LiFePO4 synthesized via solid state method..............................................60 4-2.1 Performance of LiFePO4 synthesized via two-step sintering.......................................60 4-2.2 Performance of LiFePO4 synthesized with different precursor.......................................66 Chapter 5 Conclusion......................................71 References................................................73 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 鋰離子電池高粉體密度鋰鐵磷酸鹽正極之製備與分析 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Synthesis and Characterization of High tap-density LiFePO4 Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 98-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 徐振哲,吳弘俊,廖世傑 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 鋰離,子電池,共沉澱法,粉體密度,鋰鐵磷酸鹽,多孔結構, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Li-ion battery,Co-precipitation,tap density,LiFePO4,porous structure, | en |
dc.relation.page | 80 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2010-07-20 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 化學工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 化學工程學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-99-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 7.97 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。