請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/4662
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 李?浡(Pai-Po Lee) | |
dc.contributor.author | Tracy Tabora | en |
dc.contributor.author | 談蕾希 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-05-14T17:44:51Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2015-07-31 | |
dc.date.available | 2021-05-14T17:44:51Z | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2015-07-31 | |
dc.date.issued | 2015 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2015-07-24 | |
dc.identifier.citation | ANACAFE. (2009). Associacion Nacional del Cafe. Retrieved 04 21, 2015, from ANACAFE: http://www.anacafe.org/glifos/index.php/Pagina_principal
Avelino, J., & Rivas, G. (2013). La roya Anaranjada del Cafeteo. Retrieved 04 24, 2015, from http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01071036 Avelino, J., Willocquet, L., & Savary, S. (2004). Effects of crop management patterns on coffee rust epidemic . Plan Pathology , 7 pag. Avelino, J; Zelaya, H.; Merlo, A.; Pineda A.; Ordonez, M.; Savary, S. (2006). The intensity of a cofee rust epidemic is dependet on production situations. El sevier , 17 pag. Banco Central de Honduras. (2008). BCH. (D. d. Comunicaciones, Producer) Retrieved 02 12, 2015, from BCH: www.bch.hn BCIE. (2013). Pilot Program to Address the Emergency Situation of the Poor population Affected by Coffee pests and Promotion of Sustainable Coffee Production Practices in the Central American Region. Banco Centroamericano de Integracion Economica , Gerencia de Sectores y Paises. BCIE. Central de Cooperativas Cafetaleras de Honduras. (2001). La crisis del cafe en Honduras. La Central , Departamento de Comunicaciones y Relaciones . San Pedro Sula: IHCAFE . CEPAL. (2015). Bases de Datos y Publicaciones Estadisticas . (N. Unidas, Producer) Retrieved 02 23, 2015, from CEPALSTAT: http://estadisticas.cepal.org/cepalstat/WEB_CEPALSTAT/estadisticasIndicadores.asp?idioma=e CEPAL. Evolucion del Sector Agropecuario en Centroamerica y La Republica Dominicana, 1900-2013. CEPAL, Sede Subregional en Mexico. Mexico DF: Comision Economica para America Latina y EL Caribe. CETREX. (2015). Centro de Tramites de las Exportaciones. Retrieved 03 13, 2015, from Centro de Tramites de las Exportaciones: http://www.cetrex.gob.ni/website/servicios/cafe/cafe84.jsp Consejo Nacional del Cafe . (2011). Desarrollo competitivo de la cadena de valor del cafe en postcosecha y comercializacion interna en Honduras. CONACAFE, IHCAFE . Tegucigalpa: CONACAFE . Consejo Salvadoreno del Cafe. (2013). Consejo Salvadoreno del Cafe. Retrieved 04 16, 2015, from Portl del CSC: http://www.consejocafe.org/nuevo_sitio/ Consejo Salvadoreno del Cafe. (2013). El cultivo del cafe en El Salvador. Consejo Salvadoreno del Cafe, Consejo Salvadoreno del Cafe. San Salvador: Portal CSC. Delgado, L. E. (2012). Avance e Infestacion severa de la Roya Amarilla (Hemileia vastratix) en Cafe. Avance e Infestacion severa de la Roya Amarilla (Hemileia vastratix) en Cafe . Guatemala, Guatemala. FAO. (2012). Analisis de la cadena de valor del cafe con el enfoque de seguridad alimetaria y nutricional. FAO. Managua: swiss contact services Nicaragua. Ferreira, S. A., & Boley, R. A. (1991). Hemeleia Vastatrix. Coffee Leaf Rust (Plant Disease Pathogen) . Manoa, Hawaii, United State. Fulton, R. H. (1984). Coffee Rust In the Americas. Coffee Rust in the Americas. St. Paul, Minessota, United State: The American Phytopathological Society . FUSADES. (2013). La crisis de la roya: Impacto en la produccion, el empleo y el futuro sector. FUSADES, San Salvador. Garza, J. (2012). Caracterizacion de la Cadena Agroproductiva del cafe en El Salvador. Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganaderia. San Salvador: Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganaderia. Gobierno de Guatemala. (2013). El Agro en Cifras 2013 . Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganaderia y Alimentacion, Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganaderia y Alimentacion. Antigua Guatemala: Direccion de Planamiento del Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganaderia y Alimentacion. IHCAFE. (2013). Informe Estadistico Anual Cosecha 2012-2013. Instituto Hondure del Cafe . San Pedro Sula: IHCAFE. IHCAFE. (2013). Informe Estadistico Anual Cosecha 2012-2013. Instituto Hondureno del Cafe. San Pedro Sula: IHCAFE. IHCAFE. (2000). Instituto Hondureno del Cafe. Retrieved 02 20, 2015, from Instituto Hondureno del Cafe: www.ihcafe.hn IHCAFE; USAID. (2014). Plan Nacional de Apoyo Integral a Pequenos Productores de Cafe afectados por la roya. IHCAFE. IHCAFE. Instituto del Cafe de Costa Rica. (2013). Informe sobre la actividad cafetalera de Costa Rica . Instituto del Cafe de Costa Rica. San Jose: Instituto del Cafe de Costa Rica. Instituto del Cafe de Costa Rica. (2014). Informe sobre la actividad cafetalera de Costa Rica . Instituto del Cafe de Costa Rica. San Jose: Instituto del Cafe de Costa Rica. Instituto del cafe de Costa Rica. (2013). Recomendaciones para el combate de la roya del cafeto. CICAFE. Costa Rica: ICAFE. International Coffee Organization. (2007). International Coffee Organization. Retrieved 09 20, 2014, from International Coffee Organization Web site: www.ico.org International Coffee Organization. (2014). World coffee trade (1963-2013): A review of the markets, challanges and opportunities facing the sector. ICO. London: International Coffee Council. Mendoza, R. (2013). Envio Digital. Retrieved 04 11, 2015, from Revista mensual de ananalisis de Nicaragua y Centroamerica: http://www.envio.org.ni/articulo/4653 Ministerio Agropecuario. (2015). Ministerio Agropecuario . (D. Informatica, Producer) Retrieved 03 15, 2015, from Mnisterio Agropecuario: http://www.magfor.gob.ni Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganaderia y Alimentacion. (2013). Acceso informacion roya del cafe . Gobierno de Guatelama, Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganaderia y Alimentacion. Guatemala: Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganaderia y Alimentacion. Ministerio de Ganaderia, Agricultura y Alimentacion. (2006). Ministerio de Ganederia, Agricultura Y Alimentacion de Guatemala. (G. d. Guatemala, Producer) Retrieved 04 20, 2015, from Ministerio de Ganederia, Agricultura Y Alimentacion de Guatemala: http://www.maga.gob.gt Organizacion Internacional del Cafe. (2013). OIC. Retrieved 05 3, 2015, from OIC: http://dev.ico.org/documents/cy2012-13/ed-2157c-report-clr.pdf PROMECAFE; IICA. (2013). La crisis de cafe en Mesoamerica: Causas y repuestas apropiadas . Guatemala, Guatemala. PROMECAFE; USAID. (2014). Ingresos de Productores y Jornaleros del Cafe se reduciran por segundo ano consecutivo. PROMECAFE and USAID. Fewa Net. Roux, G., & Camacho Nassar, C. (1992). Caracterizacion de la cadena de valor del cafe en Guatemala. Ministerio de Ganadera, Agricultura y Alimentacion de Guatemala. Guatemala: Ministerio de Ganadera, Agricultura y Alimentacion de Guatemala. SIECA. (2014). Secretaria de Integracion Economica Centroamericana. Retrieved 05 3, 2015, from Secretaria de Integracion Economica Centroamericana: http://www.sieca.int/Documentos/DocumentosMostrar.aspx?SegmentoId=2&DocumentoId=4971 SIECA. (2014, 02 12). Secretaria de Integracion Economica Centroamericana. (S. d. Centroamericana, Producer) Retrieved 02 20, 2015, from SIECA: http://www.sieca.int/General/Default.aspx Universidad de Costa Rica. (2013). Memoria I Simposio de roya de cafe. Universidad de Costa Rica. Turrialba: Universidad de Costa Rica. USDA . (2013). Costa Rica; Coffee Annual . USDA Foreign Agricultural Service. Washington: USDA. USDA. (2014). Coffee: World Markets and Trade. United States Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service. Washington : USDA . Zadoks, J., & Schein, R. (1979). Epidemiology and Plant disease management. New York, United States: Oxford University Press. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/4662 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Coffee in the Central American region has played an increasingly important role in their economies and societies. For that reason, we have aimed to analyze the possible causes and impacts of the coffee rust outbreak 2012 in the coffee industry in Central America. We applied a descriptive approach, which is based on secondary data sources. Some of these sources are documents and reports published by OIC, USAD, PROMOCAFE and FAO. These reports are related to the coffee sector and the coffee rust outbreak 2012 in Central America Five countries were taken into account for this research; Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica and Nicaragua due to their importance in Central American coffee production. Several variables were collected and analyzed, these variables were: economic impacts, social impacts, the area affected by the coffee rust, farmers with less than 10 mzs, losses value caused by the leaf rust, per capital losses, exports and exports value from the five Central America countries.
Two main causes caused this outbreak 2012 to be particularly catastrophic. (1) Climate changes: higher temperatures and high rainfall incidence for a long period triggered extensive coffee rust development and (2) declines in coffee prices in turn reduced the incentive for farmers to invest in the crop (including fungicides spraying, fertilizers applications and other cropping practices). This study also found possible reasons that influenced the coffee rust intensity in Central American countries including; cropping practices (fertilization and shade), coffee plant age and that the coffee rust has expanded at higher altitude (climate change). Which can be added to the overconfidence of the farmers and their lack of technical knowledge. The total economic losses for the region were 2,706,454 bags of 60 kilos in production losses, with US$ 499 Millions in foreign currency losses. In 2012, Coffee participation in GDP was reduced by 1.40% in Honduras, Guatemala 0.19%, El Salvador 0.31%, Nicaragua 0.53% and Costa Rica 0.03%. The social impacts caused by the coffee rust outbreak 2012 were critically included job losses of up to 12% in the region, coffee rust affected 55% of the surface planted in Central America, more than 80% of the farmers affected were smallholder farmers that live in the poorest areas in the region, this tended to diminish their nutritional status and health and increase food insecurity in the region. Our founding confirms countries with higher percentage of smallholder farmers had greater losses caused by the coffee rust outbreak 2012; these farmers are around 80%-96% of the total farmers in the Central America region. This is attributable to economic constrains, these smallholder farmers did not have the money to invest in the crop (Fertilization, pruning, cropping, etc.) due to the volatility in coffee prices and weak organization and structure of the coffee industry in the region. This outbreak revealed the weaknesses in the coffee industry in Central America, which brought up topics that were already evident in the rural areas such as high poverty rates, food insecurity, illiteracy, life quality and also the inefficiency in terms of adoption and technology transfers to the farmers. Governments need to strengthen the coffee industry through more effective and sustainable policies, especially targeting smallholder farmers focusing in strategies to unify these farmers through cooperatives and/or coffee associations to reduce vulnerabilities and give them the tools to work in a sustainable way as a coffee community and become a highly competitive and profitable industry. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-14T17:44:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-104-R02627043-1.pdf: 2550131 bytes, checksum: 2fd358716155ddc05d8918ab237ee998 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | ABSTRACT.............................................. ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS............................. iv LIST OF TABLES...................................... vi LIST OF FIGURES.................................... vii ABBREVIATIONS..................................... viii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION.................. 1 1.1 Background and Motivations.............. 1 1.2 Objectives Of the Study..................... 4 1.3 Methodology...................................... 4 CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW........... 6 2.1 A Brief History of Coffee.................... 6 2.1.1. History of Coffee in America..... 6 2.2 Coffee Rust (Hemileia vastatrix) History in Latin America.... 7 2.3 Coffee Rust Biology........................... 8 2.4 Coffee Rust Epidemiology: Factors that Influence Coffee Rust Development............................................ 11 2.4.1 The Host.................................... 11 2.4.2 The Pathogen............................. 11 2.4.3 The Environment......................... 12 CHAPTER III: AN OVERVIEW COFFEE INDUSTRY.... 13 3.1 World Coffee Industry .........................13 3.2 World Coffee Production........................... 13 3.2.1 Coffee Production by Type of Coffee...... 14 3.3 Exporting Countries............................ 15 3.4 Importing Countries........................... 16 3.5 Coffee Consumption.......................... 17 3.6 International Coffee Prices: ICO Indicator Prices..... 18 CHAPTER IV: CENTRAL AMERICA COFFEE INDUSTRY.......... 20 4.1 Overview of Central America Coffee Industry.... 20 4.1.1 Coffee Exports and Sources of Foreign Exchange...... 21 4.1.2 Social Contribution........................... 22 4.2 Overview of Honduras Coffee Industry....... 23 4.3 Overview of Guatemala Coffee Industry..... 24 4.4 Overview of Costa Rica Coffee Industry..... 24 4.5 Overview of El Salvador Coffee Industry..... 25 4.6 Overview of Nicaragua Coffee Industry...... 25 CHAPTER V: COFFEE RUST OUTBREAK 2012 IN CENTRAL AMERICA.................................... 27 5.1 Background and Current Situation.............. 27 5.2 Causes of the Coffee Rust Outbreak........... 28 5.3 Coffee Rust Incidence.................................. 29 5.4 Factors that Influence the Intensity of the Coffee Rust Outbreak 2012 ...............................................................................29 5.5 Other Factors to Take into Consideration.......... 30 5.6 Economic Impact....................................... 32 5.6.1 Coffee Production and Foreign Exchange...... 32 5.6.2 Per Capita Losses.............................. 33 5.7 Social Impact................................................ 34 5.7.1 Smallholder Coffee Farmers................. 35 CHAPTER VI: POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS..... 38 6.1 Policy Implications...................................... 38 6.2 Conclusions.......................................................39 REFERENCES.................................................... 42 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 2012年中美洲咖啡葉鏽病爆發之研究 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Analysis of the Coffee Rust (Hemileia Vastatrix) Outbreak 2012 in Central America | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 103-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.coadvisor | 羅竹平(Chu-Ping Lo) | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 雷立芬(Li-Fen Lei) | |
dc.subject.keyword | 咖啡葉鏽病,中美洲,經濟效益,社會效益, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Coffee rust,Central American Countries,Economic Impact,Social Impact, | en |
dc.relation.page | 45 | |
dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
dc.date.accepted | 2015-07-24 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 農業經濟學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 農業經濟學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-104-1.pdf | 2.49 MB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。