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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 孫錦虹 | |
dc.contributor.author | Yi-Ting Wang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 王怡婷 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-15T04:27:10Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2009-09-15 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2009-09-15 | |
dc.date.issued | 2009 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2009-08-20 | |
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/45559 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Pax蛋白質被發現於脊椎動物,果蠅和線蟲,功能上被認為是一個轉錄因子,參與細胞增生與發育;而在植物,真菌,以及原蟲中仍未被發現。我們發現在梨形鞭毛蟲中有類似pax的基因(gpax1),經由序列分析以及SMART軟體分析,發現梨形鞭毛蟲的gPax1蛋白質具有一個在C端的paired domain。在滋養體時期和囊體時期,我們發現內生性gPax1基因在mRNA層級上表現量相似。我們將AU1標記接到gPax1轉染到梨形鞭毛蟲,利用免疫螢光分析法發現,在滋養體時期以及囊體化時期,gPax1皆表現在細胞核,蛋白質層級表現量在此二時期也都差不多。我們利用cyst wall protein 1(cwp1)和cwp2基因的啟動子作為探針,電泳遷移率分析結果顯示gPax1蛋白質可以和cwp1和cwp2啟動子結合,推測其為一個轉錄因子,並可能影響cwp1和cwp2基因轉錄的結果。突變序列分析的結果也顯示,gPax1喜歡結合在AT-rih的序列上。我們從RNA表現層次和蛋白質表現層次皆可觀察到,當大量表現gPax1會促使cwp1和cwp2的RNA表現量和Cwp1的蛋白質表現量增加。將gPax1的paired domain刪除,稱之為gPax1del,發現gPax1del和cwp1以及cwp2基因的啟動子結合能力消失,gPax1del表現位於細胞質和細胞核中,且當大量表現gPax1del的細胞株相較於大量表現wild type gPax1的細胞株的cwp1和cwp2的RNA減少,且降低Cwp1蛋白質的表現量。推測gPax1的paired domain對gPax1的調控能力有很重要的影響。我們也發現在paired domain中有兩段正價胺基酸集中區域可能為nuclear localization signal (NLS)片段,分別將其序列上的正價性胺基酸作突變,分別命名為gPaxm1和gPax1m2,發現gPaxm1和gPax1m2都失去和cwp1以及cwp2基因的啟動子結合的能力。其中gPax1m1表現在細胞核中,且大量表現gPax1m1的細胞株相較於大量表現wild type gPax1的細胞株會使cwp1和cwp2的RNA表現減少,且Cwp1蛋白質表現量也減少。gPax1m2以囊泡型式,散布在細胞質中,大量表現gPax1m2的細胞株相較於大量表現wild type gPax1的細胞株的cwp1和cwp2的RNA量減少,且Cwp1蛋白質表現量也減少。由以上結果,我們認為只找到一段gPax1的NLS並且存在於paired domain (由gPax1m2的結果得知),此NLS的突變造成gPax1減少入核以及減低其調控能力。另一段存在於paired domain的突變序列雖然不會影響gPax1的表現位置,但減低其DNA結合能力及轉錄活化能力 (由gPax1m1的結果得知),故我們推測,gPax1蛋白質為一個特異性的轉錄因子,和cwp1和cwp2基因轉錄之轉錄活化有關,且其功能與paired domian的完整性有很重要的關係。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Pax proteins with paired domains have been identified in Drosophila, nematodes, and vertebrates. Pax proteins have been demonstrated as specialized transcription factors involved in cell proliferation and development. To date, pax-like gene has not been found in plant, protozoa and fungi. We found one Pax-like open reading frame from Giardia lamblia genome data base and we named it gPax1. gPax1 has a paired domain near its C terminus as predicted by SMART program. During vegetative growth and encystation stage, endogenous gPax1 gene was expressed at similar levels of mRNA. To understand the function of gPax1, we transfected a construct which expressed AU1-tagged gpax1 gene into G. lamblia. Inmunofluorescence assay and Western blot analysis showed that the AU1-tagged gPax1 was localized to neclei and expressed at similar protein levels during vegetative growth and encystation stages. Using Electrophoretic Mobility Shift assays (EMSA), we found that gPax1 can bind to the promoter of cyst wall protein 1 (cwp1) and cwp2 genes, suggesting that gPax1 could be a transcription factor and involved in transcriptional regulation of the cwp1 and cwp2 genes. Mutation analysis revealed that gPax1 prefered to bind to AT-rich sequence. Overexpression of gPax1 resulted in a significant increase of levels of cwp1 and cwp2 mRNA and of the Cwp1 protein. A gPax1 mutant, gPax1del, that lacks the paired domain was analyzed. We found that gPax1del lost the binding ability to the promoter of the cwp1 and cwp2 genes. gPax1del was localized to both nuclei and cytoplasm. We also found that the levels of the cwp1 and cwp2 mRNA and Cwp1 protein in the gPax1del overexpressing cell line decreased significantly relative to the levels in the gPax1 overexpressing cell line, suggesting that the paired domain of gPax1 could be very important to the regulation ability of gPax1. Two stretches of basic amino acids were found in the paired domain of gPax1. We tried to understand whether these two regions are nuclear localization signal (NLS). When we mutated the basic amino acids in these two regions to neural amino acids (gPax1m1 and gPax1m2 mutants), the binding ability to the promoter of the cwp1 and cwp2 genes was lost. gPax1m1 was localized to nuclei. We found that the levels of the cwp1 and cwp2 mRNA and Cwp1 protein in the gPax1m1 overexpressing cell line decreased relative to the levels in the gPax1 overexpressing cell line. gPax1m2 was localized to some vesicles in cytoplasm. The levels of the cwp1 and cwp2 mRNA and Cwp1 protein in the gPax1m2 overexpressing cell line decreased significantly relative to the levels in the gPax1 overexpressing cell line. One stretch of basic amino acids in the paired domain could be NLS as shown by the results from the gPax1m2 mutant. Mutation of this potential NLS resulted in a decrease of nuclear localization and the regulation ability of gPax1. Mutation of another stretch of basic amino acids in the paired domain did not change the localization of gPax1 to the nuclei, but this mutation still decreased the DNA binding and transactivation ability of gPax1 (gPax1m1). We suggested that gPax1 may be an important transcriptional activator in regulation of the cwp1 and cwp2 genes, and the paired domain may contribute to the function of gPax1. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T04:27:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-98-R96445201-1.pdf: 2026237 bytes, checksum: 4e467c5ea1c92020d587176065e40d8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 1
中文摘要: 2 Abstract 4 第一章 前言 10 1.1簡介: 10 1.2梨形鞭毛蟲生活史: 10 1.3梨形鞭毛蟲基因體及基因調控特性: 11 1.4 Pax蛋白質家族簡介: 11 1.5本篇研究目的 13 第二章 材料與方法 14 2.1梨形鞭毛蟲細胞株的培養 14 2.2轉殖質體的建構 14 2.2.1 5’△5N-Pac 14 2.2.2 pPgPax1 14 2.2.3 pPgPax1m1 15 2.2.4 pPgPax1m2 15 2.2.5 pPgPax1del 16 2.3 轉殖質體的轉型與萃取 16 2.3.1 質體的轉型 (transformation) 16 2.3.2 質體的萃取 16 2.4 梨形鞭毛蟲的轉染與選殖 16 2.5 反轉錄聚合酶鏈式反應 (RT-PCR) 17 2.6 即時定量反轉錄聚合酶鏈式反應 (Real-time PCR) 18 2.7 西方墨點法 (Western blot) 與Coomassie blue染色 18 2.7.1 西方墨點法 19 2.7.2 Coomassie blue染色 19 2.8 免疫螢光染色 (Immunofluorescence assay) 19 2.9 重組gPax1蛋白質的表現與純化 20 2.10 Electroretic Mobility Shift Assays (EMSA) 21 第三章 實驗結果 23 3.1 鑑定梨形鞭毛蟲gpax1基因的鑑別 23 3.2 梨形鞭毛蟲gpax1基因的表現和細胞內表現位置 24 3.3 鑑定gPax1的DNA結合位置 24 3.4 鑑定gPax1的nuclear localization signal (NLS)以及NLS突變對gPax1結合DNA能力的影響 26 3.5 鑑定gPax1刪除paired domain對gPax1結合DNA能力以及表現位置的影響 28 3.6 探討gPax1對cyst wall protein 1和2基因調控之角色: 29 第四章 討論: 31 4.1 Pax家族轉錄因子存在於梨形鞭毛蟲基因體 31 4.2 gPax1喜歡結合在AT-rich的 序列上,可能調控多個基因 32 4.3 gPax1的 paired domain會影響gPax1對DNA結合的特性 32 4.4 gPax1的NLS能促使gPax1有效進核 34 4.5 gPax1為轉錄因子,並參與Cwp1及Cwp2基因的轉錄調控 35 第五章 附圖 38 圖一. 梨形鞭毛蟲gpax1基因的鑑別 39 圖二.RT-PCR以及Real- time PCR偵測滋養體時期以及囊體時期gpax1基因的mRNA表現量 40 圖三.gPax1在梨形鞭毛蟲表現分析 41 圖四. 鑑定gPax1和DNA結合能力 43 圖五 利用cwp1-45/-1突變探針鑑定AT-rich序列對gPax1結合位置的影響 44 圖六. 尋找cwp1 ,cwp2,cwp3啟動子的gPax1結合位置 45 圖七. 利用cycb-33/-13突變探針尋找對gPax1的結合位置以及鑑定AT-rich序列對gPax1結合位置的影響 46 圖八.利用polyA序列以及Ran啟動子序列分析AT-rich 序列影響gPax1與DNA結合的關係 47 圖九. 利用distamycin A和gPax1競爭cwp1基因的啟動子的結合位置。 48 圖十. 鑑定gPax1m1之表現位置 49 圖十一. 鑑定gPax1m2之表現位置 50 圖十二. 鑑定gPax1del之表現位置 51 圖十三 分析gPax1的paired domain對其與DNA結合的關係 53 圖十四 分析各轉染gPax1突變質體之梨形鞭毛蟲蟲株對Cwp1蛋白質調控之影響 54 圖十五. Real-time PCR和RT-PCR分析各轉染gPax1突變質體之梨形鞭毛蟲蟲株對cwp1、cwp2基因的調控 55 第六章 附表 56 表一 人類Pax蛋白質家族分類 56 表二 Pax蛋白質家族的各Pax之結合序列 57 表三 gPax1以及其他突變質體的表現總整理表 58 表四. gPax1的全部胺基酸序列 59 參考文獻 60 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 鑑定梨形鞭毛蟲的Pax同源蛋白質對於cyst wall protein 1 和 2基因的轉錄調控之影響 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Characterization of a novel Pax homologue involved in transcriptional regulation of cyst wall protein 1 and 2 genes in Giardia lamblia | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 97-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 李財坤,胡孟君 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 梨形鞭毛蟲,cyst wall protein 1(Cwp1),cyst wall protein 2(Cwp2),gPax1,paired domain,nuclear localization signal(NLS), | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Giardia lamblia,cyst wall protein 1(Cwp1),cyst wall protein 2(Cwp2),gPax1,paired domain,nuclear localization signal(NLS), | en |
dc.relation.page | 68 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2009-08-20 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 醫學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 微生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
顯示於系所單位: | 微生物學科所 |
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