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標題: | 國共兩黨國家觀下的體育政策(1949--1978) The Sport policy of the KMT and the CCP(1949-1978) A Comparative and Analytical Study |
作者: | Jui-Yang Su 蘇瑞陽 |
指導教授: | 洪鎌德(lien-Te Hung) |
關鍵字: | 國民黨,共產黨,國家觀,體育政策,體育外交,體育思想, Kuomintang,Communist Party,national view,sports policy sports diplomatic, sports thought, |
出版年 : | 2009 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 中文摘要
1949年以後國民黨與共產黨分治台灣與中國,至1978年美國承認共產黨政府為中國惟一合法政府期間,兩黨具有以黨治國、領袖獨裁、思想統制的同質性,亦有黨的革命歷史與文化背景的差異性,加上兩黨競逐國際上中國正統政府的地位,三者造成兩黨對於國家定位、國家主權、政治體制及人民權利等國家觀上的同異。而體育具有培育尚武衛國精神、規訓身體社會、民族國家認同、國際外交名位的政治功能,國共兩黨政府的國家觀應然展現在體育政策上。本研究從兩黨的文化、歷史背景及革命鬥爭經驗加以探討,論述兩黨國家觀及其國家政策的形成與發展,進而分析與比較兩黨國家觀對其體育政策目標與運作策略上的影響。研究發現本時期在一黨專制、個人獨裁的政治體制下,兩黨的國家政策皆為黨領袖的政治目的服務,而非為保障人民的權力與福祉,因而兩黨的體育政策目標,對內注重尚武雪恥的鍛鍊強身、全民國防,對外爭逐國際體壇會籍與競技外交。但因毛澤東「毀舊創新、思想至上」與蔣介石「正視現實、尊重專家」的差異,中國走向犧牲慘烈曲折道路,從盲目鍛鍊轉化為競技外交,台灣則由國防體育走向「競技外交」與「全民健康」雙主軸。 Abstract The Kuomintang and Communist Party divided and ruled over Taiwan and China after 1949, In 1978, U.S.A. admitted the government of Communist Party was the only one legal government of China, homogeneity that both rule a country with the party, also have a difference of revolutionary history and culture background of the party, Two parties compete for the status of the orthodox government of China in the world, ones that cause two parties to country's views making a reservation, such as state sovereignty, political system and people's right etc. And foster and store by martial arts to defend the country in sports, the spirit, training body, national approval, political function of the international diplomatic fame and position, the national’s view of the Kuomintang-Communist government should be represented rightly on the sports policy. This research probes into bipartisan culture, historical background and revolutionary struggle experience, explain the fact forming and development of two parties and their nation policies, and then analyze and compare the national view of two parties to the influence on their policy goals of sports and operation strategies. We found this period is under the political system of autocratic, the bipartisan national policies to serve party, but not power and happiness of ensuring the people, therefore the policy goal of bipartisan sports, on the whole people's national defense inwards, strive to chase membership of global sport and sports diplomacy. But Mao ask revolution, the highest thought with the difference of Chiang faces reality, respects experts, the mainland China moves towards the way to the unhappiness, from training sports turn into sports diplomacy blindly, but in Taiwan it move towards from national defense sports to sports diplomacy and the whole people the healthy. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/45525 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 國家發展研究所 |
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